Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine

Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine, sold under the brand name Trizivir, is a medication for HIV/AIDS.[2][3][4] It is a fixed dose combination of three reverse transcriptase inhibitors patented by GlaxoSmithKline and marketed by a joint venture with Pfizer, ViiV Healthcare:[5]

Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine
Combination of
AbacavirNucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor
LamivudineNucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ZidovudineNucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Clinical data
Trade namesTrizivir
AHFS/Drugs.comProfessional Drug Facts
MedlinePlusa616051
License data
Pregnancy
category
    Routes of
    administration    		Oral
    ATC code
    Legal status
    Legal status
    • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
    • CA: Schedule IV
    • UK: POM (Prescription only)
    • US: ℞-only
    • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
    Identifiers
    CAS Number
    ChemSpider
    KEGG
    NIAID ChemDB
     NY (what is this?)  (verify)

    It is indicated in the treatment of AIDS/HIV-1.[2] For this purpose, the combination is very useful in pregnant women to decrease the risk of mother-to-child transmission.[6]

    The combination of drugs helps to reduce HIV's resistance (through mutation) to the drugs individually. Of the three, AZT and ABC have passed out of United States patent protection.

    Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine was approved for use in the United States and the European Union in 2000.[7][3] In December 2013, Lupin Limited launched a generic version of abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine.[8][9] As of 2016 the wholesale cost for a typical month of medication in the United States is more than US$669.30.[10]

    Side effects

    The most common side effects of abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, paresthesias and headache. As with many medications targeting reverse transcriptase, body fat redistribution syndrome may occur, causing body fat to center on the upper back and neck, breast, and torso, and potentially decreasing around the legs, arms, and face.[11] IRIS may occur which is when the immune system initially improves, but then deteriorates as a previously ignored infection becomes active. Other serious side effects include:[12]

    • Increased risk of heart attack
    • Lactic acidosis
    • Severe hepatomegaly
    • Lipatrophy
    • Neutropenia
    • Anemia
    • Hypersensitivity reactions
      • Includes liver failure, renal failure, anaphylaxis, hypotension, and death

    See also

    References
    1. "Abacavir / lamivudine / zidovudine (Trizivir) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 8 May 2018. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
    2. "Trizivir- abacavir sulfate, lamivudine, and zidovudine tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 10 May 2019. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
    3. "Trizivir EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 September 2018. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
    4. Opravil M, Hirschel B, Lazzarin A, Furrer H, Chave JP, Yerly S, et al. (May 2002). "A randomized trial of simplified maintenance therapy with abacavir, lamivudine, and zidovudine in human immunodeficiency virus infection". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 185 (9): 1251–60. doi:10.1086/340312. PMID 12001042.
    5. "GlaxoSmithKline-Pfizer launch HIV joint venture". InPharm.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2012.
    6. Horvath T, Madi BC, Iuppa IM, Kennedy GE, Rutherford G, Read JS (January 2009). "Interventions for preventing late postnatal mother-to-child transmission of HIV". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1): CD006734. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006734.pub2. PMID 19160297.
    7. "Drug Approval Package: Trizivir (abacavir sulfate, lamivudine, zidovudine) NDA #021205". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 24 December 1999. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
    8. Monthly Prescribing Reference (MPR)
    9. "Abacavir Sulfate". Lupin Pharma.
    10. "NADAC as of 2016-12-07 | Data.Medicaid.gov". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
    11. ViiV Healthcare (March 2017). "Trizivir Medication Guide" (PDF).
    12. "Side Effects of Trizivir (Abacavir Sulfate, Lamivudine, and Zidovudine), Warnings, Uses". RxList. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
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