Tamanishiki San'emon

Tamanishiki San'emon (Japanese: 玉錦 三右衛門, December 15, 1903 – December 4, 1938) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Kōchi. He was the sport's 32nd yokozuna. He won a total of nine top division yūshō or tournament championships from 1929 to 1936, and was the dominant wrestler in sumo until the emergence of Futabayama. He died whilst still an active wrestler.

Tamanishiki San'emon
玉錦 三右衛門
Tamanishiki holding the Emperor's Cup
Personal information
BornNishinouchi Yasuki
(1903-12-15)December 15, 1903
Kōchi, Japan
DiedDecember 4, 1938(1938-12-04) (aged 34)
Height1.74 m (5 ft 8 12 in)
Weight140 kg (309 lb)
Career
StableNishonoseki
Record308-92-17-3draws (Makuuchi)
DebutJanuary 1919
Highest rankYokozuna (November 1932)
RetiredDecember, 1938
Elder nameNishonoseki
Championships9 (Makuuchi)
* Up to date as of June 2020.

Career

He was born Nishinouchi Yasuki (西ノ内 彌寿喜). He joined Nishonoseki stable but the stable was very small at that time. Therefore, he often visited Dewanoumi stable and was trained by yokozuna Tochigiyama Moriya. He later became head coach of Nishonoseki stable whilst still active in the ring, and under his leadership the stable enjoyed one of its most successful periods in its history.

Tamanishiki won three consecutive championships from October 1930 to March 1931, but he was not promoted to yokozuna. In January 1932, the "Shunjuen Incident" (春秋園事件, Shunjuen-Jiken) broke out.[1] The incident was the biggest walkout in sumo history. He was one of eleven top division wrestlers who remained in sumo[2] and became the first head of Rikishikai (力士会), or the association of active sumo wrestlers. He won his fifth top division championship in May 1932 and was finally awarded a yokozuna licence in November 1932. He was the first yokozuna in sumo since the retirement of Miyagiyama a year and a half earlier. His promotion was seen as a reward for staying with the Sumo Association and helping them through the Shunjuen Incident.[3]

Tamanishiki often went to Tatsunami stable and trained wrestlers, such as later yokozuna Futabayama Sadaji. Tatsunami stable was small at that time, but the stable became stronger in the sumo world later on. Tamanishiki defeated Futabayama the first six times they met in competition, but he was never able to beat him again after Futabayama began his record winning run in 1936.

Tamanishiki was the first yokozuna to raise one leg high while performing yokozuna dohyō-iri (the yokozuna ring-entering ceremony). His style was said to have been beautiful and when Futabayama was promoted to yokozuna he emulated this style. This style is very popular now in yokozuna ceremonies.

In 1938, Tamanishiki died while an active sumo wrestler, following a delayed appendectomy.[4]

Career Record

  • In 1927 Tokyo and Osaka sumo merged and four tournaments a year in Tokyo and other locations began to be held.
Tamanishiki[5]
- Spring
Haru basho, varied
Summer
Natsu basho, varied
1919 (Maezumo) (Maezumo)
1920 (Maezumo) West Jonokuchi #14
41
 
1921 West Jonidan #16
32
 
West Sandanme #54
23
 
1922 West Jonidan #1
23
 
West Sandanme #43
31
1h

 
1923 East Sandanme #13
73
 
West Makushita #30
33
 
1924 East Makushita #24
41
 
West Makushita #3
42
 
1925 East Jūryō #11
51
 
East Jūryō #2
52
 
1926 West Maegashira #13
83
 
East Maegashira #6
56
 
Record given as win-loss-absent    Top Division Champion Top Division Runner-up Retired Lower Divisions

Sanshō key: F=Fighting spirit; O=Outstanding performance; T=Technique     Also shown: =Kinboshi(s); P=Playoff(s)
Divisions: Makuuchi Jūryō Makushita Sandanme Jonidan Jonokuchi

Makuuchi ranks: Yokozuna Ōzeki Sekiwake Komusubi Maegashira
- Spring
Haru basho, Tokyo
March
Sangatsu basho, varied
Summer
Natsu basho, Tokyo
October
Jūgatsu basho, varied
1927 West Maegashira #3
65
 
West Maegashira #3
641
 
West Maegashira #1
641
 
East Maegashira #1
64
1d

 
1928 East Komusubi
83
 
West Komusubi
64
1d

 
West Sekiwake
92
 
West Sekiwake
65
 
1929 East Sekiwake
101
 
East Sekiwake
92
 
East Sekiwake
92
 
East Sekiwake
74
 
1930 East Sekiwake
92
 
East Sekiwake
83
 
West Ōzeki
92
 
West Ōzeki
92
 
1931 East Ōzeki
92
 
East Ōzeki
101
 
West Ōzeki
83
 
West Ōzeki
92
 
1932 East Ōzeki
71
 
East Ōzeki
82
 
East Ōzeki
101
 
East Ōzeki
74
 
Record given as win-loss-absent    Top Division Champion Top Division Runner-up Retired Lower Divisions

Sanshō key: F=Fighting spirit; O=Outstanding performance; T=Technique     Also shown: =Kinboshi(s); P=Playoff(s)
Divisions: Makuuchi Jūryō Makushita Sandanme Jonidan Jonokuchi

Makuuchi ranks: Yokozuna Ōzeki Sekiwake Komusubi Maegashira
- Spring
Haru basho, Tokyo
Summer
Natsu basho, Tokyo
Autumn
Aki basho, Tokyo
1933 East Yokozuna
91
1d

 
East Yokozuna
101
 
Not held
1934 Sat out due to injury East Yokozuna
92
 
Not held
1935 East Yokozuna
101
 
East Yokozuna
101
 
Not held
1936 East Yokozuna
110
 
East Yokozuna
101
 
Not held
1937 East Yokozuna
614
 
East Yokozuna
94
 
Not held
1938 West Yokozuna
103
 
West Yokozuna
Retired
103
Not held
Record given as win-loss-absent    Top Division Champion Top Division Runner-up Retired Lower Divisions

Key:d=Draw(s) (引分);   h=Hold(s) (預り)
Divisions: Makuuchi Jūryō Makushita Sandanme Jonidan Jonokuchi

Makuuchi ranks: Yokozuna Ōzeki Sekiwake Komusubi Maegashira

References

  1. "Rikishi of old: Tenryu Saburo and Shunjuen Incident". Sumo Fan Magazine. Retrieved 2007-10-10.
  2. "Banzuke". Sumo Fan Magazine. Retrieved 2007-10-11.
  3. Kuroda, Joe (October 2006). "Rikishi of Old:Minanogawa Tozo". Sumo Fan Magazine. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
  4. Sharnoff, Lora (1993). Grand Sumo. Weatherhill. ISBN 0-8348-0283-X.
  5. "Tamanishiki Sanemon". Sumo Reference. Retrieved 2007-09-26.

See also

Preceded by
Tsunenohana Kan'ichi
32nd Yokozuna
1932–1938
Succeeded by
Musashiyama Takeshi
Yokozuna is not a successive rank, and more than one wrestler can hold the title at once
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