Takikawa sea cow

Takikawa sea cow; Temporal range: Late Pliocene 3.6–2.6 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Sirenia
Family:	Dugongidae
Subfamily:	†Hydrodamalinae
Genus:	†Hydrodamalis
Species:	†H. spissa; Furusawa, 1988
Synonyms
	?†H. cuestae Domning, 1978

The Takikawa sea cow (Hydrodamalis spissa) is an extinct herbivorous marine mammal of the Late Pliocene, which was closely related to the recently extinct Steller's sea cow (H. gigas). In 1988, fossils of sea cows were discovered in Hokkaido, but were originally assigned to the Takikawa sea cow,[1] a newly described species, even though this taxon is thought of by some scientists as a synonym of the Cuesta sea cow (H. cuestae). It is uncertain whether or not the Takikawa sea cow was simply a local variant of the Cuesta sea cow or a completely separate lineage.[1][2][3] However, Steller's sea cow and the Takikawa sea cow share more morphological similarities than between the Takikawa sea cow and the Cuesta sea cow.[4]

Relations within Sirenia

Sirenia

Dugongidae

†Halitherium

	†H. schinzii

	†H. alleni

†Dusisiren

	†D. jordani

	†D. reinharti

	†D. dewana

	†D. takasatensis

†Hydrodamalis

†H. gigas

	†H. cuestae

	†H. spissa

Dugong

	Dugong dugon

Trichechidae

Trichechus

	Trichechus inunguis

	Trichechus manatus

	Trichechus senegalensis

Based on a 2004 study by Hitoshi Furusawa[4]

References

Furusawa, Hitoshi (1988). A new species of hydrodamaline Sirenia from Hokkaido, Japan. Takikawa Museum of Art and Natural History. pp. 1–73.
Marsh, Helene; O'Shea, Thomas J.; Reynolds III, John E. (2011). "Steller's sea cow: discovery, biology and exploitation of a relict giant sirenian". Ecology and Conservation of the Sirenia: Dugongs and Manatees. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 18–35. ISBN 978-0-521-88828-8.
Furusawa, Hitoshi (1990). "Discovery and significance of the Takikawa sea cow (Hydrodamalis spissa) from Numata-cho, Uryu-gun, Hokkaido, Japan". Earth Science. 44 (4): 224–228.
Furusawa, Hitoshi (2004). "A phylogeny of the North Pacific Sirenia (Dugongidae: Hydrodamalinae) based on a comparative study of endocranial casts". Paleontological Research. 8 (2): 91–98. doi:10.2517/prpsj.8.91.

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[furusawa-1] Furusawa, Hitoshi (1988). A new species of hydrodamaline Sirenia from Hokkaido, Japan. Takikawa Museum of Art and Natural History. pp. 1–73.

[2] Marsh, Helene; O'Shea, Thomas J.; Reynolds III, John E. (2011). "Steller's sea cow: discovery, biology and exploitation of a relict giant sirenian". Ecology and Conservation of the Sirenia: Dugongs and Manatees. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 18–35. ISBN 978-0-521-88828-8.

[3] Furusawa, Hitoshi (1990). "Discovery and significance of the Takikawa sea cow (Hydrodamalis spissa) from Numata-cho, Uryu-gun, Hokkaido, Japan". Earth Science. 44 (4): 224–228.

[furusawa2004-4] Furusawa, Hitoshi (2004). "A phylogeny of the North Pacific Sirenia (Dugongidae: Hydrodamalinae) based on a comparative study of endocranial casts". Paleontological Research. 8 (2): 91–98. doi:10.2517/prpsj.8.91.