TT99

The Theban Tomb TT99 is located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna. It forms part of the Theban Necropolis, situated on the west bank of the Nile opposite Luxor. The sepulchre is the burial place of the Ancient Egyptian noble, Senneferi. It has been worked on by an expedition from the University of Cambridge since 1992.[1]

Theban tomb TT99
Burial site of Senneferi
LocationSheikh Abd el-Qurna, Theban Necropolis
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HLHM Ostracon

The HLHM ostracon, or the Halaḥam inscription is a limestone shard, discovered during the excavation of tomb TT99 in Thebes, bearing lines of hieratic and hieroglyphic characters on two sides written in black ink. This inscription bears a lesser-known letter order of early Semitic script, known as "Halaham", and is believed to date as old (circa fifteenth century BCE) as the tomb itself. These lettered inscriptions are the earliest predecessors to the modern Hebrew alphabet (Aleph, Bet, Gimel).[2][3]

References
  1. "Tomb of Senneferi". Retrieved 2009-05-04.
  2. "HLHM Ostracon (Halaham Inscription)". Madain Project. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
  3. "First written record of Semitic alphabet, from 15th century BCE, found in Egypt". Times of Israel. Retrieved 1 May 2019.


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