Strauss

Strauss, Strauß or Straus is a common Germanic surname. Outside Germany and Austria Strauß is always spelled Strauss (the letter "ß" is not used in the German-speaking part of Switzerland). In classical music, "Strauss" usually refers to Richard Strauss or Johann Strauss II.

This article is about the surname. For other uses, see Strauss (disambiguation).
Strauss
An ostrich as symbol of the town of Strausberg
Pronunciation[ʃtʁaʊ̯s][1]
Origin
Word/nameMiddle High German from Old High German strūz
Region of originGermania
Other names
Variant form(s)Strauß, Struz, Strutz, Straus, Strause, Struys, Struijs, Struis, Straussman, Strausman

The name has been used by families in the Germanic area for at least a thousand years. The overlord of Gröna, for example, went by the name of Struz and used the image of an ostrich as his symbol. Examples of it could still be seen on the thousand-year-old church bell of that town.[2] "Struz" or "Strutz" is the North-German form of the word "Strauss", which is the modern German word for ostrich.

Some of the earliest Jewish bearers of the name hailed from the Judengasse in medieval Frankfurt, where families have been known by the name of the houses they inhabited.[3] All the houses had names and these included Haus Strauss, complete with an image of an ostrich on the façade.[4]

When, for tax purposes, Napoleon made surnames obligatory in 1808, some more Jewish families decided to adopt the Straus(s) name.[5]

Notable people

A–F

G–L
  • Harry L. Straus, (1896–1949), American electrical engineer, horse and cattle breeder, sportsman, entrepreneur and computer pioneer
  • Harry Strauss (1909–1941), contract killer for Murder, Inc. in the 1930s
  • Henry Strauss, 1st Baron Conesford (1892–1974), member of the British Parliament from 1935 to 1955
  • Hugo Strauß (1907–1941), German rower
  • Isidor Straus (1845–1912), owner of R. H. Macy Co., member of the U.S. House of Representatives, died when the steamer Titanic sank
  • Ivan Štraus (born 1928), Bosnian architect
  • Jack Straus (1930–1988), American professional poker player
  • Jael Strauss, contestant in America's Next Top Model, Cycle 8
  • James Straus, American special effects artist and animation developer
  • James Strauss (flautist) (born 1974), Brazilian flautist
  • James D. Strauss (1929–2014), American theologian and professor
  • Jesse I. Straus (1872–1936), son of Isidor Straus, president of Macy's, U.S. ambassador to France 1933–36
  • Jessica Straus (born 1962), American voice actress
  • Jo-Ann Strauss (born 1981), Miss South Africa in 2000
  • Joe Straus (born 1959), politician from Texas
  • Joe Strauss (1858–1906), American baseball player
  • Johann Strauss I (1804–1849), Austrian composer (Radetzky March), father of Johann Strauss II, Josef Strauss, and Eduard Strauss
  • Johann Strauss II (1825–1899), Austrian composer (Die Fledermaus, Blue Danube Waltz)
  • Johann Strauss III (1866–1939), Austrian composer, son of Eduard Strauss
  • John J. Strauss (born 1957), American producer and writer of film and television
  • Jon Strauss, former president of Harvey Mudd College
  • Josef Strauss (1827–1870), Austrian composer, son of Johann Strauss I
  • Joseph Straus (born 1938), German patent scholar
  • Joseph Strauss (disambiguation), several people, including:
  • Josh Strauss (born 1986), South African rugby union player
  • Julius Strauss, British journalist
  • Julius Strauss (photographer) (1857–1924), American photographer
  • Karin Straus (born 1971), Dutch politician
  • Karl Strauss (1912–2006), German-American master brewer and co-founder of Karl Strauss Brewing Company
  • Kathleen N. Straus (born 1923), American educator and politician
  • Kim Strauss (or Kurt Strauss) (born 1953), actor
  • Jacobus Gideon Nel Strauss (1900–1990), aka Koos Strauss, Kosie Strauss, J. G. N. Strauss, South African politician and Leader of the opposition after Jan Smuts
  • Leo Strauss (1899–1973), political philosopher
  • Levi Strauss (disambiguation), several people, including:
  • Lewis Strauss (1896–1974) American businessman and chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission
  • Lotte Strauss (1913–1985), American pathologist after which Churg–Strauss syndrome is named
  • Ludwig Straus (1835–1899), Hungarian-Austrian violinist

M–Z
  • Maayan Strauss (born 1983), Israeli artist
  • Marianne Strauss (1923–1996), German Holocaust survivor
  • Mark L. Strauss, New Testament professor
  • Mark Strauss (journalist) (born 1966), American journalist
  • Michael W. Straus (1897–1970), American government official
  • Mikaela Straus (born 1998), stage name King Princess, American singer-songwriter and great-great-granddaughter of Isidor and Ida Straus
  • Murray A. Straus (1926–2016), American sociologist and professor (University of New Hampshire), creator of the Conflict tactics scale
  • Nathan Straus (1848–1931), German-American merchant and philanthropist
  • Nathan Straus Jr. (1889–1961), New York journalist and politician
  • Neil Strauss, (born 1969) American journalist and author
  • Nita Strauss (born 1986), American guitarist
  • Ofra Strauss (born 1960), chairperson of Israeli food products manufacturer Strauss
  • Oscar Straus (composer) (1870–1954), Austrian composer of operettas
  • Oscar Straus (politician) (1850–1926), Secretary of Commerce and Labor under President Theodore Roosevelt
  • Paul Strauss (born 1964), politician from the District of Columbia
  • Peter Strauss (born 1947), American actor
  • Ralph Straus Regula (1924–2017), politician from Beach City, Stark County, Ohio
  • Ray Strauss (1927–2013), Australian cricketer
  • Richard Strauss (1864–1949), German composer of operas and tone poems (Salome, Also sprach Zarathustra)
  • Richard Strauss (physician) (1938–2005), subject of the Ohio State University abuse scandal
  • Richardt Strauss (born 1986), South African rugby union player representing Ireland internationally; brother of Springbok Andries Strauss and cousin of Springbok Adriaan Strauss
  • Robert Schwarz Strauss (1918–2014), American diplomat
  • Robert Strauß (born 1986), German football player
  • Robert Strauss (actor) (1913–1975), American actor
  • Robert E Strauss (born 1983), American professional wrestler using the ring name Robbie E
  • Roger Williams Straus Jr. (1917–2004), co-founder of book publishers Farrar, Straus and Giroux
  • Rolene Strauss (born 1992), 2014 Miss South Africa and Miss World
  • Sagi Strauss (born 1976), Israeli footballer
  • Stephen Straus (1946–2007), American medical researcher
  • Sylvia Straus, pianist
  • Thomas Strauß (born 1953), German rower
  • Tiaan Strauss (born 1965), South African Springbok rugby union player
  • Victoria Strauss (born 1955), fantasy author
  • Walter Alexander Strauss (born 1937), American mathematician
  • William Strauss, (1947–2007), American author, historian, playwright, lecturer and theorist
  • William M. Straus, (born 1956), member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
  • Zoe Strauss, (born 1970), American photographer

Places and institutions named Strauss or Strauß or Straus

Fictional Strauss characters
  • Akabara Strauss, Vampire King from the manga The Record of a Fallen Vampire
  • Artie Strauss, fictional character based on the real life murderer Richard Loeb of the infamous murder duo Leopold and Loeb
  • Dr Arthur Strauss, fictional character who served as the original mentor of serial killer and cult leader Joe Carroll, lead character in the TV series The Following
  • Erin Strauss, fictional FBI section chief played by Jayne Atkinson in the TV series Criminal Minds
  • Hans and Greta Strauss, inspiration for the fairy tale of "Hansel and Gretel" according to the Buffy episode "Gingerbread"
  • Judge Robert Strauss, fictional character who presided over Carrie Mathison's competency hearing in Homeland
  • Justice Strauss, fictional character from A Series of Unfortunate Events by Lemony Snicket
  • Maximilian Strauss, from the game Vampire The Masquerade: Bloodlines, one of the Primogen in Los Angeles
  • Mrs Strauss, an elderly client of Jimmy McGill whom he assists with estate planning in the Better Call Saul episode titled "Alpine Shepherd Boy"
  • Roman Strauss, fictional conductor-composer from the 1991 psychological thriller Dead Again
  • Tracy Strauss, fictional character from NBC's science fiction TV series "Heroes" by Tim Kring
  • The Strauss siblings, Mirajane, Elfman, and Lisanna. All three are wizards and Fairy Tail guild members from the manga Fairy Tail by Hiro Mashima
  • Leopold Strauss, loan shark and bookkeeper of the Van der Linde gang in the 2018 videogame Red Dead Redemption 2

References
  1. Wells, John C. (2008), Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.), Longman, ISBN 9781405881180
  2. Schubart, Friedrich Winfried (1896). "Die Glocken im Herzogtum Anhalt". Dessau. Retrieved 6 April 2014.
  3. "Jewish Personal Names". Retrieved 6 April 2014.
  4. "Infobank Judengassse Frankfurt am Main". Retrieved 6 April 2014.
  5. "Straus". Retrieved 6 April 2014.
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