Stephanie Hollenstein

At the beginning of World War I, she took a medical training course and, in 1915, went to Vorarlberg, where she joined the Standschützen under the name "Stephan Hollenstein". Although her comrades-in-arms were aware of the deception, her superiors did not discover it for several months; at which time she was sent home.[1]

This incident attracted public attention, however, and she was assigned as a war painter for the "Kriegspressequartier" (War Press Bureau). In that capacity, she was sent to the front on three occasions and, in 1916, was among the first recipients of the Karl Troop Cross. She later received numerous commissions from the Museum of Military History.[2]

Portrait of
Dr. Franziska Groß

After the war, she lived in Vienna with her companion, Franziska Groß (1900-1973), who later became a doctor, and held several exhibitions with the Künstlerhaus Wien, the Vienna Secession and the Hagenbund.[1] Her activities were interrupted for a time in 1928, following an accident that resulted in a double ankle fracture, but she was able to get treatment from Lorenz Böhler, a doctor who is credited with establishing the field of accident surgery.[2] She recovered completely and made extensive travels through Germany and Italy.

In the 1930s, she was attracted to the "Männlichkeitskult" (Masculinity Cult) and the military ideals promoted by the Fascists. She became a secret member of the Nazi Party (when it was still officially banned in Austria), then rejoined openly after the Anschluss.[2] From that time until 1943, she was chairperson of the "Vereinigung Bildender Künstlerinnen der Reichsgaue der Ostmark" (Association of Women Artists of the Reichsgau of Austria).[1] During her tenure, she defended the sculptor, Albert Bechtold, and others against charges that their art was "Degenerate"; unsuccessfully for the most part. An application for the title of "Professor" was denied on the grounds that she was a strictly local artist whose work often did not set a good example.

She resigned her position for health reasons. The following year, she suffered a heart attack and died shortly after. Her remains were returned to Lustenau for burial. A municipal art gallery named in her honor was opened in 1971.