Sagaing

Sagaing (Burmese: စစ်ကိုင်းမြို့; MLCTS: cac kuing: mrui., pronounced [zəɡáɪɰ̃ mjo̰]) is the capital of the Sagaing Region of Myanmar. It is located in the Irrawaddy River, 20 km to the south-west of Mandalay on the opposite bank of the river. Sagaing with numerous Buddhist monasteries is an important religious and monastic centre. The pagodas and monasteries crowd the numerous hills along the ridge running parallel to the river. The central pagoda, Soon U Ponya Shin Pagoda, is connected by a set of covered staircases that run up the 240 m hill.

Sagaing

စစ်ကိုင်းမြို့
City
The Yadanabon Bridge on the Irrawaddy
Sagaing
Location in Burma
Coordinates: 21°52′56″N 95°58′43″E
Country Myanmar
Division Sagaing Region
Population
 (2014)
307,194
 • Religions
Buddhism
Time zoneUTC+6.30 (MST)

Today, with about 70,000 inhabitants, the city is part of Mandalay built-up area with more than 1,022,000 inhabitants estimated in 2011. The city is a frequent tourist destination of day trippers. Within the city are the Sagaing Institute of Education, the Sagaing Education College, Sagaing University, Technological University (Sagaing), and co-operative university (Sagaing).

Name

The classical name of Sagaing is Zeyapura (ဇေယျာပူရ; Pali: Jayapura), which literally translates to "city of victory."[1]

History

Sagaing was the capital of Sagaing Kingdom (1315–1364), one of the minor kingdoms that rose up after the fall of Pagan dynasty, where one of Thihathu's sons, Athinkhaya, established himself.[2]:227 During the Ava period (1364–1555), the city was the common fief of the crown prince or senior princes. The city briefly became the royal capital between 1760 and 1763 in the reign of King Naungdawgyi.

On 8 August 1988, Sagaing was the site of demonstrations which were concluded by a massacre in which around 300 civilians were killed.[3]

Climate
Climate data for Sagaing (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 28.8
(83.8)		 31.9
(89.4)		 36.0
(96.8)		 38.2
(100.8)		 35.7
(96.3)		 33.7
(92.7)		 33.0
(91.4)		 32.5
(90.5)		 32.5
(90.5)		 32.3
(90.1)		 30.4
(86.7)		 28.3
(82.9)		 32.8
(91.0)
Average low °C (°F) 14.3
(57.7)		 16.4
(61.5)		 20.6
(69.1)		 24.8
(76.6)		 25.7
(78.3)		 26.2
(79.2)		 26.2
(79.2)		 26.0
(78.8)		 25.6
(78.1)		 24.7
(76.5)		 20.4
(68.7)		 15.9
(60.6)		 22.2
(72.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 1.0
(0.04)		 4.6
(0.18)		 5.0
(0.20)		 39.4
(1.55)		 142.6
(5.61)		 99.0
(3.90)		 69.8
(2.75)		 126.1
(4.96)		 153.0
(6.02)		 124.3
(4.89)		 32.0
(1.26)		 6.0
(0.24)		 802.8
(31.61)
Source: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[4]

People

Places of interest
View of Irrawaddy River from Sagaing Hill, Sagaing Division, Myanmar

The Kaunghmudaw Pagoda (Burmese: ကောင်းမှုတော် ဘုရား [káʊɴ m̥ṵ dɔ̀ pʰəjá]; Yaza Mani Sula Kaunghmudaw (ရာဇမဏိစူဠာ ကောင်းမှုတော်); Pali: Rājamaṇicūḷā) is a large pagoda on the northwestern outskirts of Sagaing.

Images
  • Sagaing Hill
  • Irrawaddy River from Sagaing Hill, Sagaing
  • Pagodas that dot Sagaing
  • U Min Thonze Cave
  • Sone Oo Pone Nya Shin Pagoda, Sagaing Hill
  • Umin Thonze Pagoda

References
  1. Hardiman, John Percy (1901). Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States. Superintendent, Government Printing, Burma.
  2. Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of south-east Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  3. Irrawaddy article 1997 Archived 2010-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
  4. "Myanmar Climate Report" (PDF). Norwegian Meteorological Institute. pp. 23–36. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
Sagaing
Preceded by
Pinya		 Capital of Sagaing Kingdom
June 1315 – April 1364		 Succeeded by
End of Kingdom
Preceded by
New Kingdom		 Capital of Ava Kingdom
April – September 1364		 Succeeded by
Pinya
Preceded by
Shwebo		 Capital of Burma
26 July 1760 – 23 July 1765		 Succeeded by
Ava
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