Renewable energy in Hungary

Hungary is a member of the European Union and thus takes part in the EU strategy to increase its share of renewable energy. The EU has adopted the 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, which included a 20% renewable energy target by 2020 for the EU.[1] By 2030 wind should produce in average 26-35% of the EU's electricity and save Europe €56 billion a year in avoided fuel costs.[2] The national authors of Hungary forecast is 14.7% renewables in gross energy consumption by 2020, exceeding their 13% binding target by 1.7 percentage points. Hungary is the EU country with the smallest forecast penetration of renewables of the electricity demand in 2020, namely only 11% (including biomass 6% and wind power 3%).

Statistics
Wind farm near Mosonszolnok

In 2015, 10.5% of the gross Hungarian electricity production came from renewables, 52% of that amount was from biomass, 22% was from wind, 7% was from hydroenergy and 3% was from solar. Renewable energy in Hungary by type (2016):[3]

Type %
Biomass46.4
Biogas10.4
Wind Power21.3
Hydroelectricity8.1
Solar6.3
Waste-to-Energy7.6

Wind power
Main article: Wind power in Hungary

The national forecast included 400 MW of new wind power capacity between 2010–2020. EWEA's 2009 forecast expected Hungary to reach 1.2 GW of installed wind capacity in this time.[1] In the end of 2010 wind power capacity was 295 MW.[4] However, since 2010, no further wind energy tenders were accepted. In 2016, the Hungarian government banned the installation of new wind energy capacities with administrative measures.[5] The current capacity of wind power in Hungary is 329 MW.

EU and Hungary Wind Energy Capacity (MW)[6][7][8][9]
No Country 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998
-EU-28105,69693,95784,07474,76764,71256,51748,06940,51134,38328,59923,15917,31512,8879,6786,453
17Hungary3293292952011276561173330000

Solar power
Main article: Solar power in Hungary

The Hungarian solar power generation is rapidly advancing, although from a small basis. By the end of 2015 Hungary had installed more than 110 megawatt (MW) of photovoltaics. The country's capacity is expected to double in 2016.[10]

Hydro power
Kisköre Dam
Main article: Hydroelectricity in Hungary

Located in the Carpathian basin, Hungary has limited access to hydroelectricity. Since the unfortunate case of the Gabčíkovo–Nagymaros Dams project, the building of hydroelectric dams is extremely unpopular in the Hungarian society. The existing Croatian plans of building new dams on the shared sections of the river Drava are rejected by the Hungarian government.[11] Hungary's two largest hydroelectric dams (Tiszalök, Kisköre) are built on the river Tisza, with 12,5 MW and 28 MW capacities, respectively. The remaining power stations are usually former mills transformed to small hydroelectric dams.

Geothermal power

Geothermal energy is widely used in Hungary for the heating of homes and industrial areas. The first power plant using geothermal energy is being built in Tura with the capacity of 2,6 MW. Its operation is expected to start in 2017.[12]

See also

References
  1. EU Energy Policy to 2050 EWEA March 2011
  2. Wind Energy Factsheets, European Wind Energy Association 2010 page 6
  3. KSH. "STADAT - 5.7.3. Megújuló energiaforrásokból és hulladékból termelt villamos energia részesedése (2000–)*". www.ksh.hu. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  4. Wind in power 2010 European statistics EWEA February 2011 page 4
  5. www.napi.hu. "A kormány eldöntötte: Magyarországon nem lesz szélenergia". Napi.hu. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  6. EWEA Staff (2010). "Cumulative installed capacity per EU Member State 1998 - 2009 (MW)". European Wind Energy Association. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
  7. EWEA Staff (February 2011). "EWEA Annual Statistics 2010" (PDF). European Wind Energy Association. Retrieved 2011-01-31.
  8. EWEA Staff (February 2012). "EWEA Annual Statistics 2011" (PDF). European Wind Energy Association. Retrieved 2011-02-18.
  9. Wind in power: 2012 European statistics February 2013
  10. Zrt., REGON Média. "Rohamtempóban bővül a hazai napenergia felhasználás". magyarepitok.hu. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  11. "Drávai vízerőmű - horvátok terveznek, magyarok ellenkeznek - National Geographic". ng.hu. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  12. "Official kick-off for Turawell geothermal project in Hungary - Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News". www.thinkgeoenergy.com. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
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