Qatari foreign aid

Qatar’s international aid program has expanded dramatically since the beginning of 2010, and focuses heavily on the Arab world, most notably in the humanitarian crises in Syria and Gaza.[1]

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) estimates, based on Qatar´s Foreign Aid Report 2013, that USD 1.3 billion of Qatar's foreign aid can be considered as Official Development Assistance (ODA).[2] According to the UN OCHA’s Financial Tracking Service, Qatar’s international aid increased from less than $10 million annually in the pre-Arab Spring period to the hundreds of millions following the event.[3]

For example in 2012, according to the Qatari Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the country donated more than QAR3 billion (or c. £524 million) through both governmental and non-governmental aid to nearly 100 countries across the globe.[4]

Qatari leadership has since pledged publicly to reduce the suffering of victims and to achieve and support global partnerships for the achievement of foreign countries’ Millennium Development Goals. The state is currently engaged in investments in a wide range of humanitarian and developmental sectors.[4]

Aims

According to the Qatari Ministry of Foreign Affairs, helping countries achieve internationally agreed development goals is the main objective of the program. Additionally, poverty reduction, including through employment creation in rebuilding and infrastructure projects, improved health and education as well as better management of the environment, are the main areas of focus of Qatar's international cooperation.[5]

Qatar also promotes dialogue through soft power diplomacy initiatives in regional and international affairs, hoping to consolidate peace and stability, in addition to good relations with neighbouring countries and strategic alliances with major powers.[5]

Areas of focus

Qatar's foreign aid focuses principally on the Arab world. For example, in 2013, around 93 percent of Qatar's Official Development Assistance (ODA) went to countries in the region. Syria was the largest recipient, receiving $422 million, with much of this going towards humanitarian needs. Morocco, Palestine, Egypt, Yemen and Lebanon were among the other main recipients.[6]

The Arab world

Syria

Since the Syrian revolution of 2011, Qatar's stance has been well known to the international political scene, making repeated calls for Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to step down and for new elections. Qatar has donated in excess of $1.6 billion to Syria in humanitarian aid for victims of the conflict in Syria, according to an article by Qatar's foreign minister in Britain’s Daily Telegraph in February 2015,[7] despite allegations in 2013 that $650m pledged to the UN remained undelivered.[8]

Gaza (Palestine)

In the aftermath of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict, Qatar was the biggest aid donor with a pledge of $1 billion.[9] Much of this funding went towards the construction of destroyed homes, as well as towards the repair and construction of two vital roads in the region, the Saladin and al-Rashid highways.[9] In August, 2019, Qatar increased the number of beneficiaries of aid in Gaza strip from 60,000 up to 100,000 families. [10]

Lebanon

Qatar contributed $3mn in funding to the restoration of Lebanon following the 2006 Lebanon War, and financed the reconstruction of over 12,000 residential units and a number of buildings in 195 villages in southern Lebanon.[11]

Egypt

Following the overthrow of Egypt’s President Hosni Mubarak in 2011, Qatar provided loans worth $4 billion and aid totalling $1 billion to help Egypt manage its political instability.[12]

Yemen

Qatar has donated $500 million in humanitarian aid to two Yemeni provinces to help people displaced by the Houthi rebellion.[13]

International Powers and Strategic Partners

United States of America

Following Hurricane Katrina in 2007, the former Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani donated $100 million to afflicted areas around New Orleans and beyond.[14]

Japan

Qatar donated to Japan after the earthquake in March 2011. In addition to providing natural gas shipments to the country, Qatar also hosted a high-profile football charity match in order to raise funds.[15] This support was also formalised through the establishment of the Qatar Friendship Fund.[16]

Major crises regardless of location

Nepal

In 2015, Qatar provided material and logistical assistance to Nepal following the earthquake. A total of QR12 million (c.£2.09 million) was also raised.[17]

Philippines

Qatar provided significant relief to the Philippines following Typhoon Haiyan in 2013. The Qatar Red Crescent donated around $70,000 in immediate aid, while an appeal to raise a further $2 million was launched. Qatar's Ministry of Foreign affairs sent two planeloads of aid to affected areas.[18]

Haiti

The Prime Minister of Qatar Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani announced a $20 million donation in 2010 to Haiti following the earthquake.[19]

Non-governmental donations

A large share of Qatar's total international assistance comes from private non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and foundations. In 2013, slightly more than one-fifth of the total aid was made by these NGOs, the largest of which are:

See also

References
  1. Homi Kharas (June 2015). "Trends and Issues in Qatari Foreign Aid" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  2. Benn, J. and W. Luijkx (2017), "Emerging providers’ international co-operation for development", OECD Development Co-operation Working Papers, No. 33, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/15d6a3c7-en.
  3. "Qatar Country Profile: 2015". Financial Tracking Service. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  4. "Qatar Foreign Aid Over QR 3 Billion". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Qatar. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  5. "Realising Qatar National Vision 2030: The Right to Development; United Nations Development Plan" (PDF). Ministry of Development Planning and Statistics of Qatar. June 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  6. "Huge rise in Qatar aid to countries". The Peninsula Qatar. 23 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  7. "The Syrian crisis risks creating a lost generation". Daily Telegraph. 10 February 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  8. "Exclusive: Syrian aid in crisis as Gulf states renege on promises". The Independent. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
  9. "Qatar is top donor as $5bn is pledged to rebuild Gaza". The Guardian. 12 October 2014. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  10. "Qatar increases number of Gaza beneficiaries of aid - Middle East - Jerusalem Post". www.jpost.com. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
  11. Adel Marzooq (15 August 2017). "The New Axis of Dissent: The Qatari Money, and Turkey & Iran as the Two Largest Representatives of Islam". Gulf House for Studies and Publishing. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  12. "Egypt finance: Qatar steps in to ease Cairo cash crisis". BBC News. 8 January 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  13. "Qatar Charity Distributes Humanitarian Aid for the Displaced in Yemen". Reliefweb.int. 17 February 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  14. "Emir of Qatar Tours New Orleans to See Fruit of His $100 Million Donation". The New York Times. 30 April 2008. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  15. "Qatar to host Japan earthquake fundraiser". Al Jazeera. 20 April 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  16. "QATAR FRIENDSHIP FUND OPENS DOORS TO 'MASKAR', A 24.3 MILLION USD MULTIFUNCTIONAL FISHERY PROCESSING PLANT IN JAPAN". Qatar Friendship Fund. 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  17. "Qatar supplies aid to earthquake victims in Nepal". The Gulf Times. 26 April 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  18. "Qatar gets involved in Philippines Haiyan typhoon aid effort". Doha News. 14 November 2013. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  19. "H.E the Premier: Qatar Donates 20 Million U.S Dollars to Haiti". Reliefweb.int. 31 March 2010. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
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