Propionate

The propionate /ˈproʊpiəneɪt/, or propanoate ion, is C₂H₅COO⁻ (the conjugate base of propionic acid).

Propionate

Names
IUPAC name Propionate
Other names Propanoate, Propanoic acid, ion(1-)
Identifiers
CAS Number	72-03-7 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	94556
PubChem CID	104745
UNII	AKW5EM890C Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID90222279
InChI InChI=1S/C3H6O2/c1-2-3(4)5/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5)/p-1 Key: XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M InChI=1S/C3H6O2/c1-2-3(4)5/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5)/p-1 Key: XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SMILES CCC(=O)[O-]
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H5O2−
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

A propionic, or propanoic, compound is a small salt or ester of propionic acid. In these compounds, propionate is often written in shorthand, as CH₃CH₂CO₂ or simply EtCO₂.

Propionates should not be confused with propenoates (commonly known as acrylates), the ions/salts/esters of propenoic acid (also known as 2-propenoic acid or acrylic acid).

Propionate is observed to be among the most common short-chain fatty acids produced by human gut microbiota in response to indigestible carbohydrates (fiber) in the diet.[1] A study in mice suggests that propionate is produced by the bacteria of the genus Bacteroides in the gut, and that it offers some protection against Salmonella there.[2] Another study finds that fatty acid propionate can calm the immune cells that drive up blood pressure, thereby protecting the body from damaging effects of high blood pressure.[3]