Princess Gyeonghwa
Bayankhutag (Mongolian: Баян хутаг; Middle Mongolian: ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠺᠣᠲᠣᠭ), more commonly known by her Korean title Princess Gyeonghwa, was a consort of Chungsuk of Goryeo. After his death, she was raped by her stepson, who was then forced to marry her.[1]
| Princess Gyeonghwa 경화공주 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consort of Goryeo | |||||
| tenure | 1333 – 1339 | ||||
| Consort of Goryeo | |||||
| tenure | ?? – 1344 | ||||
| Born | Bayankhutag ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠺᠣᠲᠣᠭ Yuan dynasty | ||||
| Died | 1344 Kingdom of Goryeo | ||||
| Spouse | Chungsuk of Goryeo (d.1339) Chunghye of Goryeo (d.1344) | ||||
| |||||
| Clan | Borjigin | ||||
| Father | Amuga | ||||
| Princess Gyeonghwa | |
| Hangul | 경화공주 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 慶華公主 |
| Revised Romanization | Gyeonghwa gongju |
| McCune–Reischauer | Kyŏnghwa gongju |
Biography
Mysteries surround Bayankhutag's lineage, but Masahiko Morihira has suggested that she was a sister of Princess Consort Joguk of the Borigin clan who was the wife of King Chungsuk.[2] After her sister's death in 1325, Bayankhutag married her sister's husband, probably between 1330 and 1333.[3]
Assault
Chungsuk died in 1339, after which Bayankhutag stayed in Goryeo. The Goryeosa records that, during a meal in her apartments one night, her stepson, Chunghye of Goryeo, got drunk and raped her.[4] The next day, Bayankhutag attempted to flee to the Yuan ambassador for help to leave Goryeo, but Chunghye issued a ban on horses in the city, so she could not leave. He then had her imprisoned in Yeongrak Palace (hanja: 永樂宮; Hangul: 영락궁), told the court that she was ill, and posted guards around her apartments.[5] The Yuan emissary eventually visited the palace and insisted that Bayankhutag be released and Chunghye take her as a consort.[6]
As consort, Bayankhutag is recorded to have offered advice in choosing officials in the Yuan Goryeo government.[7] She died in 1344.[8] In 1367, she received her posthumous name from the Yuan dynasty.[2]
Her full posthumous name
- Princess Sukgong Hwiryeon
- 숙공휘령공주
- 粛恭徽寧公主
Family
- Father: Amuga
- Sister: Princess Consort Joguk of the Borjigin clan (1308 – 20 October 1325) (조국장공주)
- Spouse:
- Chungsuk of Goryeo (30 July 1294 – 3 May 1339) (고려 충숙왕)
- Chunghye of Goryeo (22 February 1315 – 30 January 1344) (고려 충혜왕)
References
Notes
- Goryeosa, volume 89.
- Masahiko (2008), p. 14.
- Masahiko (2008), p. 15.
- Goryeosa, volume 36.
- Goryeosa, volume 131.
- Goryeosa, volume 89.
- Goryeosa, volume 36.
- Goryeosa, volume 37.
Works cited
- Jeong In-ji (1451). 高麗史 [History of Goryeo] (in Chinese).
- Masahiko Morihira (森平雅彦) (2008). 高麗王家とモンゴル皇族の通婚関係に閲する覚書 [Memoranda on marriage links between the Goryeo royal clan and Mongolian imperial family] (PDF) (in Japanese). Kyoto University Press.