Portman Square

Portman Square is a garden square in Marylebone London, specifically for private housing let on long leases having a ground rent by the Portman Estate, which owns the private communal gardens. It marks the western end of Wigmore Street, which connects it to Cavendish Square to the east.

Portman Square
The square in 1813
Portman Square (City of Westminster)
(local authority since 1965)
TypeGarden square
Length530 ft (160 m)
Width400 feet (120 m)
AreaMarylebone
LocationLondon
Postal codeW1
Construction
Construction start1765
Completion1784
Other
Statuswest end of the north side:
large building:
Grade I listed

History

Context and development

It was built between 1765 and 1784 on land belonging to Henry William Portman.

An infantry barracks, Portman Square Barracks, was built between Portman and Orchard Streets; it was demolished in about 1860.[1]

At the east end of the garden, thus marking one end of Baker Street and of Orchard Street (a short link to Oxford Street) is the Hamilton Memorial Drinking fountain. This is statutorily protected and recognised in the mainstream, initial category (Grade II).[2]

Notable residents

Its houses were in its first century let or rented in toto by Alexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton, Sir Brook Bridges, 3rd Baronet, Henry Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, George Keppel, 6th Earl of Albemarle, Sir Charles Asgill, 1st Baronet, and William Henry Percy. Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife, maintained his London home at № 15.

Notable houses

About a third of the north side is in the statutory category scheme, described above but in the rarest, highest category, Grade I.[3]

  • №s 11–15 built in 1773–1776 by the famous architect James Wyatt in cooperation with his brother the builder Samuel Wyatt. First houses in which Coade stone was used. Demolished in the 20th century. Ref: James Wyatt, architect to George III. Author John Martin Robinson. Yale University Press 2012.
  • № 20 – Home House, built by Robert Adam between 1773 and 1777 for Elizabeth, Countess of Home, and later used by the Courtauld Institute.[3]
  • № 22 – Montagu House, built in the northwest corner of the square by James Stuart between 1777 and 1781 for Mrs. Elizabeth Montagu, demolished in the Blitz by an incendiary bomb.
  • № 30 – Churchill Hotel, incorporating the Michelin-starred Locanda Locatelli. This was bought on a long lease as home of George Keppel, grandson of George Keppel, 6th Earl of Albemarle (noted above), and the husband of Alice Keppel, the mistress of King Edward VII.
  • Map of much of part of Mayfair (south) and Marylebone (north) c. 1830 the square is top left
  • Side-view of the south side in 2008, displaying odd traffic system replaced c. 2013
  • The Dining Room of № 20 in 1913

See also

References
  1. Walford, Edward (1878). Old and New London: Volume IV. London: Cassell, Petter & Galpin. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
  2. Historic England. "Hamilton Memorial Drinking fountain (1248617)". National Heritage List for England.
  3. Historic England. "Home House, the Courtauld Institute (occupier) (1227105)". National Heritage List for England.

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