Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew
The Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew (Portuguese: Igreja Matriz de São Bartolomeu) is a 17th-century Roman Catholic church located in Maragogipe, Bahia, Brazil. The church is dedicated to Bartholomew the Apostle and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia.[1][2][3][4]
| Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew | |
|---|---|
Igreja Matriz de São Bartolomeu | |
 Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Catholic |
| Rite | Roman |
| Ownership | Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia |
| Location | |
| Municipality | Maragogipe |
| State | Bahia |
| Country | Brazil |
  Location of the Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew in Brazil | |
| Geographic coordinates | 12.778722°S 38.919417°W |
| Architecture | |
| Style | Baroque |
| Date established | 17th century |
| Specifications | |
| Direction of façade | West |
| Elevation | 23.8 m (78 ft) |
National Historic Heritage of Brazil | |
| Designated | 1941 |
| Reference no. | 227 |
The church is one of the most important in Bahia; its construction of lateral corridors, a facade, and two towers spread across the region in the following century. It was a design especially favored by parish churches and headquarters of the irmandades, or Catholic brotherhoods. The church was listed as a historic structure by the National Historic and Artistic Heritage Institute in 1941.[1][3]
Location
The Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew is located at the highest point of a small peninsula that sits on the Paraguaçu River in the interior of the Baía de Todos os Santos.
The church faces west and is surrounded by a garden and two squares. In front of it there is a small paved churchyard with a large cross. The churchyard offers a view of much of Maragogipe, including mangroves and hills in the distance. The rear of the church faces a small square, which features a Neo-classical gazebo built in the 20th century. Several single-story houses surround the square.
History
The Parish of São Bartolomeu de Maragogipe was established in 1640. Bartolomeu Gato de Castro began construction a church for the parish in the middle of the 17th century. Gato de Castro dedicated the church to Saint Bartholomew rather than São Gonçalo, the patron saint of the settlement. Residents of the settlement financed the construction of the church; the parish also received 70,000 cruzados from the Portuguese crown. A conflict between residents of a Tupinamba settlement to the south of Maragogipe occurred in 1655; the son of Gato de Castro was killed by an arrows to the chest.[2][4]
The date of its consecration is disputed. One hypothesis is 1680, the year cited in an 18th-century document by B. de Barros. This dated is corroborated by the design its rectangular pediment, two towers crowned with a pyramid, and three portals of the same style as portals of the now-demolished Sé Cathedral of Salvador. These elements, along with the façade, are typical of Bahian churches of the last quarter of the seventeenth century. The original doors of the church are decorated in the style of an old palace gate. The same design is found at the Cathedral of Salvador. The doors were removed from the church at Maragogipe and transported to the façade of the Ministry of National Education of Bahia. They bear the date of 1674.[4]
Festival
A festival dedicated to St. Bartholomew occurs in August.
Protected status
The Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew was listed as a historic structure by the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage in 1941. Both the structure and its contents were included in the IPHAN directive under inscription number 227.[4]
Access
The Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew is open to the public and may be visited.
References
- Bazin, Germain (1956). L'architecture religieuse baroque au Brésil (in French). 2. Sao Paulo: Museu de Arte. p. 16.
- Carrazzoni, Maria Elisa (1987). Guia dos bens tombados Brasil (2a. ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e Cultura. pp. 56–57. ISBN 8520800920.
- Azevedo, Esterzilda Berenstein (2012). "Parish Church of Saint Bartholomew". Lisbon, Portugal: Heritage of Portuguese Influence/Património de Influência Portuguesa. Retrieved 2018-04-13.
- "Igreja Matriz de São Bartolomeu" (in Portuguese). Salvador, Brazil: IPAC. 2017. Retrieved 2018-04-14.