Pakubuwono XII

Pakubuwono XII (also transliterated Pakubuwana XII) (11 June 1925 – 11 June 2004) was the twelfth Susuhunan (ruler of Surakarta) and the longest ruling of all monarchs in Javanese history.

Pakubuwono XII in his youth

His reign involved being under Japanese power during the Second World War, and through the Sukarno and Suharto eras – in effect three eras in which traditional Javanese power had been both respected and challenged.[1]

Towards the end of his reign, he was able to enable the claim of his palaces' context in the modern Indonesia by the publication of Karaton Surakarta. A look into the court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, Central Java which was published in the same year of his death.[2]

Succession

Upon his death in 2004, there was no clear heir as there was no official queen installed. Two of his sons who were half-brothers claimed the throne.

The older, Hangabehi, took control of the kraton (palace) and expelled his younger half-brother Tedjowulan.[3] Each had himself crowned and they held separate tomb-sealing rituals for their father.

Sasana Sewaka Keraton, Royal residence of Pakubuwono, Surakarta

Family consensus has now acknowledged that Hangabehi is the rightful heir and is now titled SISKS Pakubuwono XIII.[4] On 18–19 July 2009, there was a ceremony in the kraton where the enthronement anniversary was conducted with the sacred Bedoyo Dance performed for the ceremony. The attendees consisted of various local and foreign dignitaries as well as Hangebehi's half brother Tedjowulan.

In 2017, further developments of crowning Pakubuwono XIII resolved the 13 year long dispute.

Line of Succession
Preceded by: Succeeded by:
Pakubuwono XI Pakubuwono XII Pakubuwono XIII

References
  1. Setiadi, Bram; Wiwoho, B., 1948-; Hadi, Sam; Majid, Nurcholish, 1939-; Sumodiningrat, Gunawan; Tri Handayani, D. S (2001), Raja di alam republik : Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta dan Paku Buwono XII (Cet. 1 ed.), Bina Rena Pariwara, ISBN 978-979-9056-15-3CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. Paku Buwono, Sunan of Surakarta XII, 1925- XII (2006), Karaton Surakarta : a look into the court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, Central Java, Marshall Cavendish Editions, ISBN 978-981-261-226-7CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. Seth Mydans, "In a Sultanate Known as Solo, One Too Many Kings," NY Times Feb. 17, 2008.
  4. Ganug Nugroho Adil, 'KGPH Tedjowulan: Reviving the place of Surakarta', The Jakarta Post, 4 July 2012.



Preceded by
Pakubuwono XI		 Susuhunan of Surakarta
1945–2004		 Succeeded by
Pakubuwono XIII


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