National Research Act

The National Research Act was enacted by the 93rd United States Congress and signed into law by President Richard Nixon on July 12, 1974 after a series of congressional hearings on human-subjects research, directed by Senator Edward Kennedy.[1] The National Research Act created the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research to develop guidelines for human subject research and to oversee and regulate the use of human experimentation in medicine. The National Research Act issued Title 45, Part 46 of the Code of Federal Regulations: Protection of Human Subjects. The National Research Act is overseen by the Office of Human Research Protections. The Act also formalized a regulated IRB process through local institutional review boards, also overseen by the Office of Human Research Protections.[2]

National Research Act
Other short titlesNational Research Service Award Act of 1974
Long titleAn Act to amend the Public Health Service Act to establish a program of National Research Service Awards to assure the continued excellence of biomedical and behavioral research and to provide for the protection of human subjects involved in biomedical and behavioral research and for other purposes.
NicknamesNational Biomedical Research Fellowship, Traineeship, and Training Act
Enacted bythe 93rd United States Congress
EffectiveJuly 12, 1974
Citations
Public law93-348
Statutes at Large88 Stat. 342
Codification
Titles amended42 U.S.C.: Public Health and Social Welfare
U.S.C. sections amended
Legislative history

The National Research Act gained traction as a response to the infamous Tuskegee syphilis study.[3]

See also

References

  1. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (April 18, 1979). "The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research". Regulations and Ethical Guidelines. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Retrieved 2014-03-28.
  2. Rice, Todd (October 2008). "The Historical, Ethical, and Legal Background of Human-Subjects Research". Respiratory Care. 53 (10): 1325–1329.
  3. Chadwick, G.L. (January 1997). "Historical perspective: Nuremberg, Tuskegee, and the radiation experiments". Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care. 3 (1): 27-28. PMID 11363960.


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