Nanxiong Formation
The Nanxiong Formation (also known as Yuanpu Formation) is a Late Cretaceous geologic formation in Guangdong Province. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. It consists of red sandstone and clay sediments, with fauna which is more similar to that of the Nemegt Formation in the recent years. It has been dated about 66.7 ± 0.3 million years ago.[1]
Nanxiong Formation Stratigraphic range: Campanian-Maastrichtian, 66.7 Ma | |
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Type | Geological formation |
Lithology | |
Primary | Sandstone |
Other | Claystone |
Location | |
Coordinates | 23.5°N 114.9°E |
Approximate paleocoordinates | 23.8°N 110.5°E |
Region | Guangdong Province |
Country | |
Extent | Nanxiong Basin |
Nanxiong Formation (China) Nanxiong Formation (Guangdong) |
Paleofauna
Dinosaurs
Theropods
Theropods | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
Banji[2] |
B. long |
Nearly complete skull and lower jaw. |
An oviraptorid. |
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Corythoraptor[3] |
C. jacobsi |
Nearly complete skeleton including the skull and lower jaw. |
An oviraptorid with a distinct Cassowary like crest. |
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Ganzhousaurus[4] |
G. nankangensis |
Lower jaw, leg bone, hip bone and caudal vertebrae. |
A transitional oviraptorid with both basal and derived traits. |
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Huanansaurus[5] |
H. ganzhouensis |
Nearly complete skull, lower jaws, neck vertebrae, a humerus, arm fragments, lower part of the right thighbone, the upper part of the right shinbone, and parts of the right foot. |
An oviraptorid. |
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J. ganzhouensis |
Incomplete skull, lower jaw, vertebrae, nearly complete pectoral girdle, the left forelimb, ribs, and a partially preserved pelvic girdle. |
An oviraptorid. |
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N. jiangxiensis |
A partial lower jaw, vertebrae, both scapulocoracoids, a nearly complete right humerus, pubic bones, and some dorsal ribs. |
An oviraptorid. |
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Nanshiungosaurus[8] |
N. brevispinus |
Twelve cervical vertebrae, ten dorsal vertebrae, six sacral vertebrae, and a pelvis. |
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Qianzhousaurus[10] |
Q. sinensis |
A skull, lower jaw, vertebrae, both scapulocoracoids, a left femur and a left tibia. |
A tyrannosaurid, could represent a third species of Alioramus.[11] |
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T. limosus |
Almost complete skeleton, portions of the arms, right leg, and tail were destroyed by TNT blasts. |
An oviraptorid, the pose indicates that it may have died trying to free itself from mud. |
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Ornithopods
Ornithopods | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
M. nanshiungensis |
a partial lower jaw from a juvenile |
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Sauropods
Sauropods | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
Gannansaurus[15] |
G. sinensis |
a single, nearly complete dorsal vertebra and a mid-caudal vertebra. |
A sauropod closely related to Euhelopus. |
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Other reptiles
Turtles
Turtles | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
Jiangxichelys[16] |
J. ganzhouensis |
A complete shell. |
A nanhsiungchelyid turtle |
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Nanhsiungchelys[17] |
N. wuchingensis |
A partial skeleton. |
A nanhsiungchelyid turtle |
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Crocodilians
Crocodilians | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
Jiangxisuchus[18] |
J. nankangensis |
Nearly complete skull and mandible. |
Lizards
Lizards | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | ||
Chianghsia[19] |
C. nankangensis |
A partial skull and lower jaws. |
A monstersaurian lizard |
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Tianyusaurus[20] |
T. zhengi |
A skull, mandible, first eight cervical vertebrae and nearly complete pectoral girdles. |
A polyglyphanodontian lizard, also known from the Qiupa Formation |
Color key
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Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
See also
- List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
- List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera
- Geology of Mongolia
References
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- Xu, X.; Han, F.-L. (2010). "A new oviraptorid dinosaur (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 48 (1): 11–18.
- Lü, J.; Li, G; Kundrát, M.; Lee, Y.; Zhenyuan, S.; Yoshitsugu, K.; Caizhi, S.; Fangfang, T.; Hanfeng, L (2017). "High diversity of the Ganzhou Oviraptorid Fauna increased by a new "cassowary-like" crested species". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 6393. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.6393L. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05016-6. PMC 5532250. PMID 28751667.
- Wang, S.; Sun, C.; Sullivan, C.; Xu, X. (2013). "A new oviraptorid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of southern China". Zootaxa. 3640 (2): 242–57. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3640.2.7. PMID 26000415.
- Lü, Junchang; Pu, Hanyong; Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu; Xu, Li; Chang, Huali; Shang, Yuhua; Liu, Di; Lee, Yuong-Nam; Kundrát, Martin; Shen, Caizhi (2015). "A New Oviraptorid Dinosaur (Dinosauria: Oviraptorosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Southern China and Its Paleobiogeographical Implications". Scientific Reports. 5 (11490): 11490. Bibcode:2015NatSR...511490L. doi:10.1038/srep11490. PMC 4489096. PMID 26133245.
- Wei Xuefang; Pu Hanyong; Xu Li; Liu Di; Lü Junchang (2013). "A New Oviraptorid Dinosaur (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Jiangxi Province, Southern China". Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition). 87 (4): 899–904. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12098.
- Lü, J.; Yi, L.; Zhong, H.; Wei, X. (2013). Dodson, Peter (ed.). "A New Oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria: Oviraptorosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Southern China and Its Paleoecological Implications". PLoS ONE. 8 (11): e80557. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...880557L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080557. PMC 3842309. PMID 24312233.
- Dong, Z. (1979). "Cretaceous dinosaur fossils in southern China" [Cretaceous dinosaurs of the Huanan (south China)]. In Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology; Nanjing Institute of Paleontology (eds.). Mesozoic and Cenozoic Redbeds in Southern China (in Chinese). Beijing: Science Press. pp. 342–350. Translated paper
- Zanno, L. E. (2010). "A taxonomic and phylogenetic re-evaluation of Therizinosauria (Dinosauria: Maniraptora)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 8 (4): 503–543. doi:10.1080/14772019.2010.488045.
- Lü, Junchang; Yi, Laiping; Brusatte, Stephen L.; Yang, Ling; Li, Hua; Chen, Liu (2014). "A new clade of Asian Late Cretaceous long-snouted tyrannosaurids". Nature Communications. 5: 3788. Bibcode:2014NatCo...5.3788L. doi:10.1038/ncomms4788. PMID 24807588.
- Carr, Thomas D.; Varricchio, David J.; Sedlmayr, Jayc C.; Roberts, Eric M.; Moore, Jason R. (2017). "A new tyrannosaur with evidence for anagenesis and crocodile-like facial sensory system". Scientific Reports. 7: 44942. Bibcode:2017NatSR...744942C. doi:10.1038/srep44942. PMC 5372470. PMID 28358353.
- Lü, J.; Chen, R.; Brusatte, S.L.; Zhu, Y.; Shen, C. (2016). "A Late Cretaceous diversification of Asian oviraptorid dinosaurs: evidence from a new species preserved in an unusual posture". Scientific Reports. 6: 35780. Bibcode:2016NatSR...635780L. doi:10.1038/srep35780. PMC 5103654. PMID 27831542.
- Dong Zhiming (1979). "The Cretaceous dinosaur fossils in southern China". In Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology and Nanjing Institute of Paleontology (eds.) (eds.). Mesozoic and Cenozoic Red Beds of South China (in Chinese). Nanxiong, China: Science Press. pp. 342–350.CS1 maint: uses editors parameter (link)
- Horner, John R.; Weishampel, David B.; Forster, Catherine A (2004). "Hadrosauridae". In Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (eds.). The Dinosauria (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 438–463. ISBN 978-0-520-24209-8.
- Junchang Lü; Laiping Yi; Hui Zhong; Xuefang Wei (2013). "A New Somphospondylan Sauropod (Dinosauria, Titanosauriformes) from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province of Southern China". Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition). 87 (3): 678–685. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12079.
- Haiyan Tong; Jinyou Mo (2010). "Jiangxichelys, a new nanhsiungchelyid turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China". Geological Magazine. 147 (6): 981–986. Bibcode:2010GeoM..147..981T. doi:10.1017/S0016756810000671. Archived from the original on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
- H.-k. Yeh. 1966. A new Cretaceous turtle of Nanhsiung, northern Kwangtung. Vertebrata PalAsiatica
- Chun Li; Xiao-chun Wu; Scott Rufolo (2018). "A new crocodyloid (Eusuchia: Crocodylia) from the Upper Cretaceous of China". Cretaceous Research. 94: 25–39. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.09.015.
- Mo, J. Y.; Xu, X.; Evans, S. E. (2012). "A large predatory lizard (Platynota, Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous of South China". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 10 (2): 333. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.588254.
- Jun-chang Lü; Shu-an Ji; Zhi-ming Dong; Xiao-chun Wu (2008). "An Upper Cretaceous lizard with a lower temporal arcade". Naturwissenschaften. 95 (7): 663–669. Bibcode:2008NW.....95..663L. doi:10.1007/s00114-008-0364-1. PMID 18338150.