Marrakesh VIP Treaty

The Marrakesh VIP Treaty (formally the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works by Visually Impaired Persons and Persons with Print Disabilities, colloquially MVT[2]) is a treaty on copyright adopted in Marrakesh, Morocco, on 28 June 2013.[3][4]

Marrakesh VIP Treaty
TypeMultilateral
Signed28 June 2013 (2013-06-28)
LocationMarrakesh, Morocco
Effective30 September 2016 (2016-09-30)
ConditionRatification of 20 states
Signatories80[1]
Parties68 (95 countries including EUs 27 member states + United Kingdom)
DepositaryWorld Intellectual Property Organization

Treaty

The treaty allows for copyright exceptions to facilitate the creation of accessible versions of books and other copyrighted works for visually impaired persons. It sets a norm for countries ratifying the treaty to have a domestic copyright exception covering these activities and allowing for the import and export of such materials.

Sixty three countries signed the treaty as of the close of the diplomatic conference in Marrakesh. The ratification of 20 states was required for the treaty to enter into effect;[5] the 20th ratification was received on 30 June 2016, and the treaty entered into force on 30 September 2016.[6][7]

Ratification

India was the first country to ratify the treaty,[8][9] on 24 July 2014. As of October 15, 2018,[10] 80 countries have signed the Treaty and 95 states have ratified it including EU's 28 member-states who ratified as one entity (notification number 45),[11][1] and most recently Republic of San Marino[12]

The European Union ratified the treaty for all 28 members on October 1, 2018. The provisions of the Treaty went into effect across the EU (including in the United Kingdom) on January 1, 2019.[13][13]

On September 20, 2017, the EU Commission published a directive and a regulation on the Marrakesh treaty that had to be transposed into national law, in all 28 member states; the deadline for transposition was October 11, 2018.[14] Member states were required to update their national laws to implement the Treaty's requirements later in 2018.[15] This followed a lengthy and occasionally controversial process that began shortly after the treaty was initially passed. In March 2015, the Council of the European Union accused the European Commission of delaying the adoption of the treaty by EU and called upon the Commission "to submit without delay the necessary legislative proposal".[16][17] There was continued opposition by some EU member states.[18]

On June 28, 2018, the U.S. Senate approved it and the implementation bill S. 2559[19] without apparent opposition; the House approved S.2559 via unanimous consent on September 25, 2018. The bill and the Treaty were signed into law by the President Trump on October 9, 2018.[20][21][22] As a result, on February 8, 2019, the United States of America formally joined the treaty.[23]

References
  1. "WIPO-Administered Treaties". Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2018.
  2. "Summary of the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired, or Otherwise Print Disabled". World Intellectual Property Organization. Archived from the original on 31 May 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  3. "Diplomatic Conference to Conclude a Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works by Visually Impaired Persons and Persons with Print Disabilities". World Intellectual Property Organization. 28 June 2013. Archived from the original on 12 August 2013. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  4. "Between the lines: Blind people defeat lobbyists in a tussle about copyright". The Economist. 20 July 2013. Archived from the original on 29 November 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
  5. "Stevie Wonder hails landmark WIPO treaty boosting access to books for blind and visually impaired persons". World Intellectual Property Organization. 28 June 2013. Archived from the original on 6 August 2013. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  6. Canada's Accession to Marrakesh Treaty Brings Treaty into Force, WIPO Press Release, June 30, 2016, archived from the original on July 4, 2016, retrieved July 6, 2016
  7. David Hammerstein. "Marrakesh Treaty: Day 1". Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  8. "TREATY/MARRAKESH/1: [Marrakesh Treaty] Ratification by the Republic of India". Archived from the original on 2018-10-02. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  9. Joshua, Anita (2014-07-02). "India ratifies Marrakesh Treaty for visually impaired". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 2016-12-09. Retrieved 2014-07-07.
  10. "Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled" (PDF). www.wipo.int. 24 February 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 May 2020. Retrieved 2020-04-02.
  11. "TREATY/MARRAKESH/45: [Marrakesh Treaty] Ratification by the European Union". Archived from the original on 2018-10-18. Retrieved 2018-10-17.
  12. https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/notifications/marrakesh/treaty_marrakesh_70.html
  13. Organization (WIPO), World Intellectual Property (October 1, 2018). "European Union joins the "books for blind" #MarrakeshTreaty, now covering 70 countries across the globe: http://ow.ly/NS2a30m33Fr. #copyright #wipoGA #accessibilitypic.twitter.com/NfaVjjnLqT". Archived from the original on August 21, 2019. Retrieved July 19, 2019. External link in |title= (help)
  14. "Implementation of the Marrakesh Treaty in EU law". 6 November 2019. Archived from the original on 19 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  15. European Blind Union. "The Marrakesh Treaty". Archived from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  16. "Marrakesh in the EU: facing the excuses and delay tactics after Council statement". IP Policy Committee blog. TransAtlantic Consumer Dialogue. 7 April 2015. Archived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
  17. "Proposal for a Council Decision on the conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons who are Blind, Visually Impaired, or Otherwise Print Disabled — Guidance for further work" (PDF). Council of the European Union. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-04-14. Retrieved 2015-04-14.
  18. David Hammerstein. "Germany moves against "right to read" Marrakesh Treaty for visually-impaired persons". Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  19. "Legislative Search Results". Archived from the original on 2019-02-06. Retrieved 2018-07-11.
  20. "President Donald J. Trump Signs H.R. 46, H.R. 2259, H.R. 4854, H.R. 4958, S. 791, S. 1668 and S. 2559 into Law". Archived from the original on 2018-10-10. Retrieved 2018-10-10.
  21. Alan K. Ota. With Only One Vote, McConnell Approves Treaty for the Blind Archived 2018-07-02 at the Wayback Machine, Roll Call. 29 June 2018
  22. "Actions - S.2559 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): Marrakesh Treaty Implementation Act". 2018-10-09. Archived from the original on 2018-07-10. Retrieved 2018-07-09.
  23. "USA Joins Marrakesh Treaty as 50th Member". wipo.int. Archived from the original on 2019-02-09. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
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