Louis I, Count of Blois
Louis I of Blois (1172 – 14 April 1205) was Count of Blois from 1191 to 1205. He was the son of Theobald V and Alix of France.[1] His maternal grandparents were Louis VII of France and his first wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine. Whilst in his teens, Louis joined his father on the Third Crusade.[2]
Louis I | |
|---|---|
| Count of Blois jure uxoris Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis | |
 Seal of Louis I | |
| Born | 1172 |
| Died | 14 April 1205 (aged 32–33) |
| Noble family | Blois |
| Spouse(s) | Catherine, Countess of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis |
| Issue | |
| Father | Theobald V, Count of Blois |
| Mother | Alix of France |
Louis promulgated a charter in 1196 abolishing serfdom in his domains.
Leadership in the Fourth Crusade
At the Tournament at Écry-sur-Aisne on 28 November 1199, count Louis and his cousin Theobald III of Champagne were the first major nobles to respond to Pope Innocent III's call for a Fourth Crusade.[3] He left France in 1202, along with a gift of 1,000 marks from his uncle, King John of England.[4] During the July 1203 siege of Constantinople, Louis was one of eight division commanders,[5] the others including Boniface of Montferrat (the crusade leader), Doge Enrico Dandolo (leader of the Venetians), Baldwin of Flanders (who controlled the largest division and later became Latin Emperor of Constantinople), and Baldwin's brother Henry.
Louis was later afflicted with a severe fever for months, and missed participating in the capture of Constantinople in 1204.[6] He was too ill to take part in the subsequent forays of his men into Asia Minor, where he had been created Duke of Nicaea, a title he never vindicated as the city was captured by Theodore I Laskaris, founder of the Empire of Nicaea.
He had just recuperated when he participated in the Battle of Adrianople, where he was slain by a force of Cumans led by Kaloyan of Bulgaria ("Johanitza").[7] Louis chased the enemy too far, exhausting his men and horses and stretching them over a broad plain, where he brought himself and the Emperor Baldwin I of Constantinople into a trap.[8]
Family
He married Catherine, Countess of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis,[9] they had:
- Raoul, who died young
- Jeanne, who died young
- Theobald VI, Count of Blois[10]
References
- Thompson 2002, p. 95.
- Tyerman 2006, p. 505.
- Queller & Madden 1997, p. 3.
- Queller & Madden 1997, p. 43.
- Queller & Madden 1997, p. 115.
- Queller & Madden 1997, p. 176.
- Tyerman.
- Noble 2007, p. 69.
- Williams 1993, p. 49.
- Peter of Blois 1993, p. 38.
Sources
- Noble, Peter (2007). "Baldwin of Flanders and Henry of Hainault as Military Commanders in the Latin Empire of Constantinople". In Housley, Norman (ed.). Knighthoods of Christ: Essays on the History of the Crusades and the Knights Templar. Ashgate Publishing Limited.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Peter of Blois (1993). Revell, Elizabeth (ed.). The Later Letters of Peter of Blois. Oxford University Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Queller, Donald E.; Madden, Thomas F. (1997). The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople. University of Pennsylvania Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Thompson, Kathleen (2002). Power and Border Lordship in Medieval France: The County of the Perche, 1000-1226. The Boydell Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades. Harvard University Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Williams, Jane Welch (1993). Bread, Wine, and Money: The Windows of the Trades at Chartres Cathedral. University of Chicago Press.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Louis I, Count of Blois Born: 1172 Died: 15 April 1205 | ||
| Preceded by Theobald V |
Count of Blois 1191–1205 |
Succeeded by Theobald VI |
| Preceded by Raoul I |
Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis 1191–1205 With: Catherine | |
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