List of viceroys of New Spain
In addition to viceroys, the following lists the highest Spanish governors of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, before the appointment of the first viceroy or when the office of viceroy was vacant. Most of these individuals exercised most or all of the functions of viceroy, usually on an interim basis.
| Viceroy of New Spain | |
|---|---|
| Residence | Palace of the Viceroy |
| Appointer | The King of Spain |
| Formation | 14 November 1535 |
| First holder | Antonio de Mendoza |
| Final holder | Juan O'Donojú |
| Abolished | 28 September 1821 |
The following is a list of Viceroys of New Spain.
Governor of the West Indies
This office covered the territories that were "discovered" by Christopher Columbus.
- 1492–1499 – Christopher Columbus, as governor and viceroy of the West Indies
- 1499–1502 – Francisco de Bobadilla, as governor of the West Indies
- 1502–1509 – Nicolás de Ovando y Cáceres, as governor of the West Indies
- 1509–1518 – Diego Columbus, as governor of the West Indies until 1511, thereafter as viceroy
- 1518–1524 – Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, as adelantado (governor-general) of Cuba
Governor of New Spain
This office covered the territories that were claimed by Hernán Cortés. The office covered the territories that were under the control of the Governor of the Indies after 1524.
- 13 August 1521 – 24 December 1521 Hernán Cortés
- 24 December 1521 – 30 December 1521 Cristóbal de Tapia
- 30 December 1521 – 12 October 1524 Hernán Cortés, as governor and captain general from 15 October 1522
- 12 October 1524 – 29 December 1524 Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz, Alonso de Zuazo
- 29 December 1524 – 17 February 1525 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Zuazo
- 17 February 1525 – 20 April 1525 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz, Alonso de Zuazo
- 20 April 1525 – 23 May 1525 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Zuazo
- 24 May 1525 – 28 January 1526 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino
- 29 January 1526 – 24 June 1526 Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz
- 25 June 1526 – 3 July 1526 Hernán Cortés
- 4 July 1526 – 16 July 1526 Luis Ponce de León
- 16 July 1526 – 1 March 1527 Marcos de Aguilar
- 2 March 1527 – 22 August 1527 Alonso de Estrada, Gonzalo de Sandoval, Luis de la Torre
- 22 August 1527 – 8 December 1528 Alonso de Estrada, Luis de la Torre
- 9 December 1528 – 21 December 1529 Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán, Juan Ortiz de Matienzo, Diego Delgadillo (the first Audiencia)
- 21 December 1529 – 9 January 1531 Juan Ortiz de Matienzo, Diego Delgadillo (the first Audiencia)
- 10 January 1531 – 16 April 1535 Sebastián Ramírez de Fuenleal, Vasco de Quiroga, Juan de Salmerón, Alonso de Maldonado, Francisco Ceinos (the second Audiencia)
Viceroys of New Spain (1535–1821)
The first Viceroy of New Spain was appointed in 1535 to consolidate the offices of the Governor of the Indies and the Governor of New Spain into a single office.
| Picture | Viceroy | From | Until | Monarch |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Antonio de Mendoza | 14 November 1535 | 25 November 1550 |  Charles I |
 | Luís de Velasco, | 25 November 1550 | 31 July 1564 | |
 | Francisco Ceinos, Dean of the Audiencia | 1 August 1564 | 19 October 1566 |  Philip II |
 | Gastón Carrillo de Peralta y Bosquete, 3rd Marquess of Falces | 19 October 1566 | 11 November 1567 | |
| Licenciado Alonso de Muñoz and Licenciado Luís Carrillo | 11 November 1567 | April 1568 | |
| Licenciado Alonso de Muñoz | April 1568 | 14 April 1568 | |
| Francisco Ceinos, Dean of the Audiencia | 14 April 1568 | 4 November 1568 | |
 | Martín Enríquez de Almanza | 5 November 1568 | 4 October 1580 | |
 | Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza, 4th Count of La Coruña | 4 October 1580 | 19 June 1583 | |
| Luís de Villanueva y Zapata, Dean of the Audiencia | 19 June 1583 | 24 September 1584 | |
 | Pedro de Moya y Contrerás (Archbishop of Mexico) | 25 September 1584 | 17 October 1585 | |
 | Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga 1st Marquess of Villamanrique | 17 October 1585 | 27 January 1590 | |
 | Luís de Velasco Marquess of Salinas | 27 January 1590 | 5 November 1595 | |
 | Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y Fonseca, 5th Count of Monterrey | 5 November 1595 | 27 October 1603 | |
 | Juan de Mendoza y Luna, Marquess of Montesclaros | 27 October 1603 | 2 July 1607 |  Philip III |
| Luís de Velasco, Marquess of Salinas | 2 July 1607 | 19 June 1611 | |
 | García Guerra, O.P. (Archbishop of Mexico) | 19 June 1611 | 22 February 1612 | |
| Pedro Otárola, Dean of the Audiencia | 22 February 1612 | 18 October 1612 | |
 | Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquess of Guadalcázar and Count of Posadas | 18 October 1612 | 14 March 1621 | |
| Paz de Valecillo, Dean of the Audiencia | 14 March 1621 | 11 September 1621 | |
 | Diego Carrillo de Mendoza y Pimentel, 1st Marquess of Gélves | 12 September 1621 | 1 November 1624 |  Philip IV |
| Vacant Due to the discrepancy on the arrival of successor Viceroy from 1 November to 3 November 1624. | ||||
 | Rodrigo Pacheco y Osorio de Toledo, 3rd Marquess of Cerralvo | 3 November 1624 | 16 September 1635 | |
 | Lope Díez de Aux de Armendáriz, Marquess of Cadreita | 16 September 1635 | 28 August 1640 | |
 | Diego Roque López Pacheco Cabrera y Bobadilla, 7th Duke of Escalona, 7th Marquess of Villena and 7th Count of Xiquena | 28 August 1640 | 10 June 1642 | |
 | Juan de Palafox y Mendoza (Bishop of Puebla) | 10 June 1642 | 23 November 1642 | |
 | García Sarmiento de Sotomayor, 2nd Count of Salvatierra and Marquess of Sobroso | 23 November 1642 | 14 May 1648 | |
 | Marcos de Torres y Rueda (Bishop of Yucatan) | 15 May 1648 | 22 April 1649 | |
| Matías de Peralta, Dean of the Audiencia | 22 April 1649 | 28 June 1650 | |
 | Luis Enríquez de Guzmán, 9th Count of Alba de Liste and Marquess of Villaflor | 28 June 1650 | 15 August 1653 | |
 | Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 8th Duke of Alburquerque, Marquess of Cuéllar, Count of Ledesma and of Huelma | 15 August 1653 | 16 September 1660 | |
 | Juan de Leyva de la Cerda, Marquess of Adrada | 16 September 1660 | 29 June 1664 | |
 | Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas (Bishop of Puebla) | 29 June 1664 | 15 October 1664 | |
 | Antonio Sebastián de Toledo Molina y Salazar, 2nd Marquess of Mancera | 16 October 1664 | 20 November 1673 | |
 | Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal y Castro, 6th Duke of Veragua, 6th Marquess of Jamaica and 6th Count of Gelves | 20 November 1673 | 13 December 1673 |  Charles II |
 | Payo Enríquez de Rivera Manrique, O.S.A. (Bishop of Guatemala and Archbishop of Mexico) | 13 December 1673 | 7 November 1680 | |
 | Tomás Antonio Manuel Lorenzo de la Cerda y Aragón 3rd Marquess of La Laguna de Camero Viejo | 7 November 1680 | 16 June 1686 | |
 | Melchor Portocarrero y Lasso de la Vega, 3rd Count of Monclova | 16 June 1686 | 20 November 1688 | |
 | Gaspar Melchor Baltasar de la Cerda Silva Sandoval y Mendoza, 8th Count of Galve, Lord of Salcedón and Tortola | 20 November 1688 | 27 February 1696 | |
 | Juan de Ortega Cano Montañez y Patiño (Bishop of Durango, Guatemala, Michoacán and Archbishop of Mexico) | 27 February 1696 | 18 December 1696 | |
 | José Sarmiento Valladares Arines de Romay, 1st Duke of Atrisco, Count of Moctezuma and of Tula | 18 December 1696 | 4 November 1701 | |
| Juan de Ortega Cano Montañez y Patiño (Archbishop of Mexico) | 4 November 1701 | 27 November 1702 | _-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) Philip V |
 | Francisco V Fernández de la Cueva Enríquez y Fernández de la Cueva, 10th Duke of Alburquerque and Marquess of Cuéllar | 27 November 1702 | 13 November 1710 | |
 | Fernando de Alencastre Noroña y Silva, 1st Duke of Linares and Marquess of Valdefuentes | 13 November 1710 | 16 July 1716 | |
 | Baltasar de Zúñiga Guzmán Sotomayor y Mendoza, 1st Duke of Arión and Marquess of Valero | 16 July 1716 | 15 October 1722 | |
 | Juan de Acuña y Bejarano, 2nd Marquess of Casa Fuerte | 15 October 1722 | 17 March 1734 |  Louis I From 1700–1724, Philip V of Spain was the king; then from 1724–1746. Louis I only reigned in 1724. |
 | Juan Antonio de Vizarrón y Eguiarreta (Archbishop of Mexico) | 17 March 1734 | 17 August 1740 | Philip V |
 | Pedro de Castro Figueroa y Salazar, 1st Duke of La Conquista and 1st Marquess of Gracia Real | 17 August 1740 | 22 August 1741 | |
_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Holy_Spirit_Collars.svg.png) | Pedro Malo de Villavicencio, President of the Audiencia | 23 August 1741 | 2 November 1742 | |
 | Pedro Cebrián y Agustín, 5th Count of Fuenclara | 3 November 1742 | 9 July 1746 | |
 | Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas, 1st Count of Revillagigedo | 9 July 1746 | 9 November 1755 |  Ferdinand VI |
 | Agustín de Ahumada y Villalón, Marquess of Amarillas | 10 November 1755 | 5 February 1760 | |
| Francisco Antonio de Echávarri, Dean of the Audiencia | 5 February 1760 | 28 April 1760 | |
 | Francisco Cajigal de la Vega | 28 April 1760 | 5 October 1760 |  Charles III |
 | Joaquín de Montserrat, Marquess of Cruillas | 5 October 1760 | 24 August 1766 | |
 | Carlos Francisco de Croix, Marquess of Croix | 24 August 1766 | 22 September 1771 | |
 | Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa | 22 September 1771 | 9 April 1779 | |
| Francisco Romá y Rosell, Regent of the Audiencia | 10 April 1779 | 22 August 1779 | |
 | Martín de Mayorga Ferrer, Captain General of Guatemala | 23 August 1779 | 28 April 1783 | |
 | Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo, Captain General of Guatemala | 28 April 1783 | 20 October 1784 | |
| Vicente de Herrera y Rivero, Regent of the Audiencia | 20 October 1784 | 17 June 1785 | |
 | Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid, 1st Viscount of Galveston and 1st Count of Gálvez | 17 June 1785 | 30 November 1786 | |
| Eusebio Sánchez Pareja y Beleño Regent of the Audiencia | 30 November 1786 | 8 May 1787 | |
 | Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta (Archbishop of Mexico) | 8 May 1787 | 16 August 1787 | |
 | Manuel Antonio Flórez Maldonado | 16 August 1787 | 16 October 1789 | |
 | Juan Vicente de Güemes Pacheco de Padilla y Horcasitas, 2nd Count of Revillagigedo | 17 October 1789 | 11 July 1794 |  Charles IV |
 | Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca de Carini y Branciforte, 1st Marquess of Branciforte | 12 July 1794 | 31 May 1798 | |
 | Miguel José de Azanza Alegría, 1st Duke of Santa Fe | 31 May 1798 | 30 April 1800 | |
 | Félix Berenguer de Marquina | 30 April 1800 | 4 January 1803 | |
 | José de Iturrigaray | 4 January 1803 | 16 September 1808 | |
 | Pedro de Garibay | 16 September 1808 | 19 July 1809 |  Joseph Bonaparte |
 | Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont (Archbishop of Mexico) | 19 July 1809 | 8 May 1810 |  Ferdinand VII |
_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg.png) | Pedro Catani | 8 May 1810 | 14 September 1810 | |
 | Francisco Javier Venegas, 1st Marquess of Reunión and of New Spain | 14 September 1810 | 4 March 1813 | |
 | Félix María Calleja del Rey, 1st Count of Calderón | 4 March 1813 | 20 September 1816 | |
 | Juan Ruiz de Apodaca, 1st Count of Venadito | 20 September 1816 | 5 July 1821 | |
 | Francisco Novella Azabal Pérez y Sicardo | 15 July 1821 | 21 July 1821 | |
 | Juan O'Donojú | 21 July 1821 | 28 September 1821 | |
See also
External links
- (in Spanish) List of viceroys and other colonial rulers at the Mexican government site
- (in Spanish) Cronología de los Gobernantes de México 1325–2000 (Powerpoint)
- (in Spanish) List of Spanish colonial officials before the viceroyalty
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