List of nobles and magnates of England in the 13th century

During the 13th century England was partially ruled through Archbishops, Bishops, Earls(Counts), Barons, marcher Lords, and knights. All of these except for the knights would always hold most of their fiefs as tenant in chief. Although the kings maintained control of huge tracts of lands through judges, constables, castles, and sheriffs, the nobles of England were still powerful. This is a list of the various different nobles and magnates including both lords spiritual and lords secular. It also includes nobles who were vassals of the king but were not based in England (Welsh, Irish, French). Additionally nobles of lesser rank who appear to have been prominent in England at the time. The nobles are listed categorically by rank starting with the Archbishops and going down to the nobles who did not hold titles.

Archbishops

The word Archbishop originates as an additional honor for powerful bishops who held sway over several dioceses.[1]. Archbishops were usually associated with an important city holding land and influence within the city[2]

Note: Several Archbishops are not listed because they were either not consecrated, set aside within 3 years, did not rule for more than a year, or were quashed by the pope/the king.

Of Canterbury - Hubert Walter(1193-1205), Stephen Langton (1207-1228), Richard le Grant (1229-1231), Edmund of Abingdon (1234-1240), Boniface of Savoy (bishop) (1241-1270), Robert Kilwardby (1273-1278), John Peckham (1279-1292), Robert Winchelsey (1294-1313)

Of York - Geoffrey (archbishop of York) (1191-1212), Walter de Gray (1216-1255), Sewal de Bovil (1256-1258), Godfrey Ludham (1258-1265), Walter Giffard (1266-1279), William de Wickwane (1279-1285), John le Romeyn (1286-1296), Henry of Newark (1298-1299)

Of Dublin - John Comyn (bishop) (1181-1212), Henry de Loundres (1213-1228), Luke (Archbishop of Dublin) (1230-1255), Fulk Basset (1256-1271), John de Derlington (1279-1284), John de Sandford (1286-1294), William Houghton (bishop) (1296-1298), Richard de Ferings (1299-1306)

Of Bordeaux - Hélie de Malemort (1188-1207), Guillaume II Amanieu de Genève (1207-1227), Géraud de Malemort (1227-1261), Pierre de Roncevault (1261-1270), Simon de Rochechouart (1275-1280), Guillaume III (archbishop of Bordeaux) (1285-1287), Henri de Genève (1289-1297), Boson de Salignac (1297-1299), Pope Clement V (1299-1305)

Earls/Counts

Earls (referred to as Comitis in records) were powerful lords holding their lands per baronium[3]. Technically they were the kings highest representative in their given shires (outranking even the sheriff who were referred to as vicecomitem[4] (Vice-Counts)), for example the Earl of Devon would be the highest administrator of Devonshire, however he was not the overlord of the barons in Devonshire (though he could be for certain manors but the baron could just as well be the overlord of a different manor which the earl possessed).

Earls Palatine of Chester - Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester (1181-1232), John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (1232-1237), Edward I of England (1254-1264), Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (1264-1265), Alphonso, Earl of Chester (1273-1284)

Earls Palatine of Lancaster - Edmund Crouchback (1245-1296)

Earls of Devon - William de Redvers, 5th Earl of Devon (1193-1217), Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon (1217-1245), Baldwin de Redvers, 7th Earl of Devon (1245-1262), Isabel de Forz, suo jure 8th Countess of Devon (1262-1293)

Earls of Warwick - Henry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of Warwick (1204-1229), Thomas de Beaumont, 6th Earl of Warwick (1208-1242), Margaret de Beaumont, 7th Countess of Warwick (1242-1253), William Mauduit, 8th Earl of Warwick (1221-1268), William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick (1238-1298), Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick (1298-1315)

Earls of Kent - Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent (1227-1243)

Earls of Hereford - Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (1119-1220)

Count of Armagnac - Gerald IV Trancaleon (1188-1215), Gerald V of Armagnac (1215-1219), Pierre-Gerald, Count of Armagnac (1219-1241), Bernard V, Count of Armagnac (1241-1245), Arnauld II (1245-1249), Mascarose II (1249-1256), Gerald VI, Count of Armagnac (1256-1285), Bernard VI, Count of Armagnac (1285-1319)

Count of Bigorre - Petronilla, Countess of Bigorre (1194-1251), Eskivat de Chabanais (1255-1283), Laura, Countess of Bigorre (1283-1302)

Count of Astarac - Centule I of Astarac (1174-1233), Bernard III, Count of Astarac, Bernard IV of Astarac (1249-1291)

Count of Comminges - Bernard IV, Count of Comminges (1176-1225), Bernard V, Count of Comminges (1225-1241), Bernard VI, Count of Comminges (1241-1295), Bernard VII, Count of Comminges (1295-1312)

Counts of Aumale (Clamiant) - William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (1215-1242), William de Forz, 4th Earl of Albemarle (1242-1260), Thomas de Forz, 5th Earl of Albemarle (1260-1269), Aveline de Forz, Countess of Albemarle (1269-1274)

Earls of Huntingdon - John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (1219-1237)

Earls of Norfolk - Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk (1189-1225), Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk (1209-1270), Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk (1270-1306)

Earls of Cornwall - Richard of Cornwall (1225-1272), Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall (1272-1300)

Earls of Surrey - William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey (1202-1240), John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (1251-1304)

Earls of Leicester - Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (1239-1265), Edmund Crouchback (1265-1296)

Earls of Gloucester - Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester (1225-1230), Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester (1230-1262), Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester (1262-1295), Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester (1295-1314)

Earls of Derby - William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby (1190-1247), William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby (1247-1254), Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby (1239-1279)

Earls of Pembroke (Marcherlord) - William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1199-1219), William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (1219-1231), Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1231-1234), Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke (1234-1241), Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke (1234-1241)

Earls of Hertford - Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester (1217-1230), Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester (1230-1262), Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester (1262-1295), Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester (1295-1314)

Earls of Arundel - William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel (1193-1221), William d'Aubigny, 4th Earl of Arundel (1221-1224), Hugh d'Aubigny, 5th Earl of Arundel (1224-1243)

Earls of Lincoln - Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester (1217-1231), John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln (1232-1240), Margaret de Quincy, Countess of Lincoln (1232-1266), Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln (1272-1311)

Earls of Winchester - Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester (1207-1219), Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester (1219-1264)

Earls of Ulster - Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster (1205-1243), Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster (1264-1271), Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster (1271-1326)

Lords Spiritual

The lords spiritual were bishops, abbots, and other leading clergymen who functioned similarly to feudal barons holding their land per baronium[5]. Generally they were centered at a cathedral or abbey and not a castle and although some were expected to provide soldiers for the king, they were not expected to fight themselves (however some of them did). Bishops who ruled for less than three years will not be listed to avoid clutter.


Bishops Palatine of Durham - Philip of Poitou (1197-1208), Richard Poore (1209-1213, 1229-1237), Richard Marsh (bishop) (1217-1226), Nicholas Farnham (1241-1249), Walter of Kirkham (1249-1260), Robert Stitchill (1260-1274), Robert of Holy Island (1274-1283), Antony Bek (bishop of Durham) (1284-1310)

Bishops of London - William of Sainte-Mère-Église (1198-1221), Eustace of Fauconberg (1221-1228), Roger Niger (1228-1241), Fulk Basset (bishop of London) (1241-1259), Henry of Sandwich (1262-1272), John Chishull (1273-1280), Richard Gravesend (1280-1303)

Bishops of Winchester - Godfrey de Luci (1189-1204), Peter des Roches (1205-1238), William de Raley (1240-1250), Aymer de Valence (bishop) (1250-1260), John Gervais (1262-1268), Nicholas of Ely (1268-1282), John of Pontoise (1282-1304)

Bishops of Norwich - John de Gray (1200-1214), Pandulf Verraccio (1215-1226), Thomas Blunville (1226-1236), William de Raley (1239-1243), Walter Suffield (1245-1257), Simon Walton (bishop) (1258-1266), Roger Skerning (1266-1278), William Middleton (bishop) (1278-1288), Ralph Walpole (1289-1299)

Bishops of Carlisle - Bernard (bishop of Carlisle) (1203-1214), Hugh of Beaulieu (1214-1223), Walter Mauclerk (1223-1246), Silvester de Everdon (1246-1254), Robert de Chauncy (1257-1278), Ralph of Irton (1278-1292), John de Halton (1292-1324)

Bishops of Ely - Eustace (bishop of Ely) (1198-1215), John of Fountains (1220-1225), Hugh of Northwold (1229-1254), Hugh de Balsham (1258-1286), John Kirkby (bishop of Ely) (1286-1290), William of Louth (1290-1298)

Bishops of Bath - Savaric FitzGeldewin (1192-1206), Jocelin of Wells (1206-1242), Roger of Salisbury (bishop of Bath and Wells) (1244-1247), William of Bitton (1248-1264), William of Bitton (nephew) (1267-1274), Robert Burnell (1275-1292), William of March (1293-1202)

Bishops of Salisbury - Herbert Poore (1194-1217), Richard Poore (1217-1228), Robert de Bingham (1229-1246), William de York (1246-1256), Giles of Bridport (1256-1262), Walter de la Wyle (1263-1271), Robert Wickhampton (1271-1284), Nicholas Longespee (1291-1297), Simon of Ghent (1297-1315)

Bishops of Chichester - Seffrid II (1180-1204), Nicholas de Aquila (1209-1214), Ranulf of Wareham (1217-1222), Ralph Neville (1224-1244), Richard of Chichester (1244-1253), John Climping (1253-1262), Stephen Bersted (1262-1287), Gilbert of St Leonard (1288-1305)

Bishops of Exeter - Henry Marshal (bishop of Exeter) (1194-1206), Simon of Apulia (1214-1223), William Briwere (1224-1244), Richard Blund (1245-1257), Walter Branscombe (1258-1280), Peter Quinel (1280-1291), Thomas Bitton (1291-1307)

Bishops of Lincoln - Hugh of Wells (1209-1235), Robert Grosseteste (1235-1253), Henry of Lexington (1254-1258), Richard of Gravesend (1258-1279), Oliver Sutton (bishop) (1280-1299)

Abbots of Westerminster - Ralph de Arundel (1200-1214), William de Humez (1214-1222), Richard of Barking (1222-1246), Richard de Crokesley (1246-1258), Richard of Ware (1258-1283), Walter de Wenlok (1283-1307)

Abbots of St Maries - William de Roundel (?-1239), Thomas de Warthill (~1239-~1258), Simon de Warwick (1258-1296), Benedict de Malton (1296-1303)

Abbots of Peterborough - Acharius (1200-1210), Robert of Lindsey (1214-1222), Alexander of Holdermess (1222-1226), Martin of Ramsey (1226-1233), Walter of Bury St Edmunds (1233-1245), John de Caux (1250-1262), Robert of Sutton (1262-1273), Richard of London (1274-1295), William of Woodward (1295-1299)

Barons

Holding land per baronium (by barony) was considered the highest form of land tenure. Barons were generally tenants in chief who held usually 10-50 manors, often scattered around but usually with a general grouping of estates around the Caput Baronium. Many of these manors were held by knights who provided military service to their lord. Often a few of the baron's manors were held from another tenant in chief. A barony with more than 20 manors in it was termed an honour[6]. Most bishops also held their land per baronium and all earls held their land per baronium.


Marcher Barons Under the Crown:

Marcher-lords enjoyed a greater degree of independence having almost all feudal rights (build castles, have sheriffs, declare war, establish boroughs, establish markets, confiscate lands, legislative power, hold mini parliament)[7][8]. However they could not mint coins nor could they judge someone guilty of high treason and if they died without heirs their land would revert to the crown. Marcher lordships seem to have functioned in a similar way to that of a state in the Holy Roman Empire, enjoying extensive freedom but still subject to the crown.

Barons of Meath/Fingal - Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath (1194-1241)

Barons of Clifford - Walter de Clifford (died 1221) (1199-1208), Walter de Clifford (died 1263) (1208-1263), John Giffard, 1st Baron Giffard (1263-1299 title changed to Baron Giffard?)

Barons of Bramber - William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber (1179-1211)

Barons of Glamorgon - (Held by the Earls of Gloucester)

Barons of Gower - John de Braose, William de Braose, 1st Baron Braose

Barons of Whittingham - Maurice of Powis (1200-1204), Fulk FitzWarin (1204-1258) [As a vassal of the Earls of Gloucester]

Barons of Dyffryn Clwyd (Grey) - Henry de Grey (~1200-1219), Sir John de Grey (~1219-1266), Reginald de Grey, 1st Baron Grey de Wilton (1266-1308)

Barons of Brecknock - John de Havering

Barons of Wigmore/Mortimer - Roger Mortimer of Wigmore (1181-1214), Ralph de Mortimer (1227-1246), Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer (1246-1308)

Barons of Montgomery - William de Boell (1233-~1250)

Barons of Knockin - John Lestrange (~1223-1269)

Barons Mortimer de Chirk - Roger Mortimer de Chirk (~1275-1326)



Feudal Barons and Barons by Writ Under the Crown:

The difference between a feudal barony and a barony by writ is not a clear distinction since barons had been summoned for council before the parliaments of that later 13th century[9]. Barons who attended the Curia Regis of 1237 were undoubtedly equal in rank to the ones later summoned to the parliaments of 1246 and beyond. In fact many of the barons attending the Curia Regis were predecessors to those attending the later Parliaments.

Bedfordshire:

Barons of Eaton Bray - William de Cantilupe (died 1239), William de Cantilupe (died 1251), William de Cantilupe (died 1254), George de Cantilupe

Barons of Cainhoe - Under the house de Albini until 1233


Berkshire:

Barony of Langley - Adam de Tindale II (1190-1250), Nicholas de Bolteby (1250-1273), Adam de Bolteby (1273-1291), Thomas de Lucy (1291-1304)

Barony of Odell - John de Wahull (1206-1217), John de Basingham (1239), Saher de Wahull (1239-1250), Walter de Wahull (1250-1269), John de Wahull II (1269-1296), Thomas de Wahull (1296-1303)


Cambridgeshire:

Barons of Caxton -


Cornwall:

Barons of Trematon (Honour) - Roger II de Vautort (1173-1206), Reginald II de Vautort (1206-1245), Ralph II de Vautort (1245-1257), Reginald III de Vautort (1257-1269), Roger III de Vautort (1269-1274), Passed to the earl of Cornwall in 1270

Barons of Cardinham (Honour) - Robert de Cardinham (~1200-1230), Andrew de Cardinham (1230-1254), Thomas de Tracey (1254-1270), Oliver de Dynham (1270-1299)

Barons of Launceston - Escheated to the crown in 1189 and granted to John, King of England (1189-1216) before he was king of England, Later became a royal fief.


Derbyshire:

Barons of the Peak (Honour of Peverel) - Held by the Crown as part of the Royal Demense

Barons of Horsley - William Brewer (justice) (1204-1226)


Devonshire:

Barons of Plympton (Honour, Held by the earls of cornwall) -

Barons of Okehampton - Robert de Courtenay[10] (1194-1242), John de Courtenay[11] (1242-1273), Hugh Courtenay[12] (1273-1291), John de Courtenay II[13] (1291~1340)

Barons of Bampton - Fulk Paynel II (1199-1208), William Paynel (1208-1228), William Paynel II (1228-1248), John de Ballon (1248-1275), John de Cogan (1275-1303)

Barons of Berry Pomeroy - Henry II de la Pomeroy (1165-1207), Henry III de la Pomeroy (1207-1222), Henry IV de la Pomeroy (1222-1237), Henry V de la Pomeroy (1237-1281), Henry VI de la Pomeroy (1281-1305)

Barons of Totnes (Honour) - It was split into moieties

Barons of Barnstaple - Nicholas FitzMartin (1257-1260), Geoffrey de Camville (~1260-1308)

Barons of Great Torrington - ?

Barons of Bradninch - Probably crown lands


Essex:

Barons of Pleshy - Held by the Earls of Hereford

Barons of Little Dunmow - Robert Fitzwalter (1198-1235), Walter Fitzwalter (1235-1258), Robert FitzWalter, 1st Baron FitzWalter (1268-1326)

Barons of Stanstead - Richard de Montfichet (~1200-1267)



Gascony:

Barons of Albret - Amanieu IV (~1174-1209), Amanieu V d'Albret (1209-1255), Amanieu VI d'Albret (1255-1270), Bernard Ezi I (1270-1281), Matte d'Albret (1281-1295), Isabelle d'Albret (1295-1298), Amanieu VII d'Albret (1298-1324)


Gloucestershire:

Barons de Berkeley (Later by writ) - Robert de Berkeley, 3rd feudal baron of Berkeley (1190-1220), Thomas I de Berkeley, 4th feudal baron of Berkeley (1220-1243), Maurice II de Berkeley, 5th feudal baron of Berkeley (1243-1281)

Barons of Burford - Hugh Ferrers (1197-1204), Robert Mortimer of Essex (1211-1210), William Stuteville (1219-1259), Hugh Mortimer (13th century baron) (1259-1275), Robert Mortimer (13th century baron) (1275-1287), Hugh II Mortimer (13th century baron) (1287-1304

Barons of Ewyas Harold -


Hampshire:

Baron of Basing - Robert St John (baron) (~1230-1267), John St John (died 1302) (1267-1302)


Herefordshire:

Barons of Snodhill - Robert Chaundos 1278-1302[14]

Hertfordshire:

Barons of Walkern - William de Lanvallei (1204-1217)


Kent:

Baron Hastings - Henry de Hastings (died 1268) (1250-1268), John Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings (1268-1313)

Barons of Chilham - Richard FitzRoy (~1214-1246), Richard de Dover[15] (1246-1270)


Lancashire:

Barons of Lancaster - John de Lancastre, 1st Baron Lancastre (~1291-1334)

Barons of Clitheroe (Honour) - Under the Earls of Lincoln

Barons of Hornby - Roger de Montbegon (~1200-1226)



Leicestershire:

Barons of Shere Belvoir - William d'Aubigny (rebel) (~1190-1236), William d'Aubigny II of Clithroe (1236-1247)

Barons Segrave - Stephen de Segrave (~1220-1241), Nicholas Segrave, 1st Baron Segrave (~1270-1295)

Baron Ferrers of Groby - William Ferrers, 1st Baron Ferrers of Groby (1293-1325)



Lincolnshire:

Barons of Brattleby - Nicola de la Haie (1169-1230)

Barons of Winteringham - Robert Marmion (died 1242) (~1215-1241), William Marmion, 2nd Baron Marmion of Winteringham (1241-1274), John Marmion, 3rd Baron Marmion of Winteringham (1278-1322)

Barons of Burghersh - Robert Burghersh, 1st Baron Burghersh

Barons of Beke - Walter II Beke (~1240-1270), John Beke, 1st Baron Beke (~1270-1304)



Middlesex:

Barons of Dalston - Oliver de Vaux

Barons of West-Greenwhich - Geoffrey de Saye (~1200-1230), William de Saye V (1230-1271)

Norfolk:

Barons of Wormegay - William Bardolf (leader) (1243-1276)


Northampton:

Barony of Crick -

Barons of Wedon-Pinkeney - Henry de Pinkeney (~1240-1277), Robert de Pinkeney (1277-1296)



Northumberland:

Barony of Alnwick/de Vesci - Eustace de Vesci (1184-1216), William de Vesci (d.1253) (1216-1253), John de Vesci (1253-1289), William de Vesci (d.1297) (1289-1297)


Nottinghamshire:

Barons of Shelford/Wormegay - William Bardolf (leader) (1243-1276)

Barony Everingham of Laxton - Adam de Everingham, 1st Baron Everingham (~1290-1340)


In Oxfordshire:

Barons of Wycombe - Alan Basset (~1190-1232), Gilbert Basset (1232-1241)

Barons of Wallingford (Honour) - John, King of England (~1200-1215), Than held by the Earls of Cornwall

Barons of Hook-Norton - Hugh de Plescy



In Somerset:

Barons of Curry Mallet - William Malet (Magna Carta baron) (~1200-1215)

Poyntz Barons of Curry Mallet - Hugh I Poyntz (1217-1220), Nicholas I Poyntz (~1235-1273), Hugh II Poyntz (1273-1307)

Baron of Dunster (Honour, later barony de Mohun) - Reginald I de Mohun (1193-1213), Reginald II de Mohun (1213-1258), John de Mohun (1258-1279), John de Mohun, 1st Baron Mohun (1279-1330)

Russell Barons of North Cadbury - Ralph Russell (Baron) (1216-~1240?), His heirs

Barons of North Cadbury de Moels - Nicholas de Moels (1230-1269), Roger de Moels (1269-1294), John de Moels, 1st Baron Moels (1294-1310)

Barons of Castle Carrey -

Barons of Blagdon - William FitzMartin II (1209-1215), Nicholas FitzMartin (~1230-1282), William Lord Martin (1282-1324)

Barons of Hatch-Beauchamp - Robert de Beauchamp (1212-1250?)

Barons of Stogursey - Warin II fitzGerold (~1210-1218)


In Staffordshire:

Barons of Stafford (Later by writ) - Nicholas Stafford (Baron) (~1235-1287), Edmund Stafford, 1st Baron Stafford (1287-1308)

Barons Marmion of Tamworth - Robert Marmion, 3rd Baron Marmion of Tamworth (~1200-1218), Robert Marmion (died 1242) (1218-1242), William Marmion (died 1274) (1242-1274?)

Barons of Drayton - Ralph Basset (died 1265)(~1250-65), Ralph Basset, 1st Lord Basset of Drayton (1265-1299)


In Surrey:

Barons of Hooton Levitt - William Levett (baron) (~1230-1270)


In Sussex:

Barons of Hussey - Henry Hussey, 1st Baron Hussey (~1285-1332)


Warwickshire:

Barons of Astley - Andrew de Astley (~1285-1301)

Barons of Clinton - John Clinton, 1st Baron Clinton (~1290-1315)



Westmorland:

Barons of Burgh by Sands (Honour, Later Baron by writ Baron Clifford) -

Barons of Kendal - Gilbert fitz Roger fitz Reinfried (1196-1220)

Barons of Appleby - Robert de Vipont (~1203-1228), John de Vipont (1228-1241), Robert de Vipont II (1241-1264)

Barons of Dudley - Ralph de Somery I (1194-1210), Roger de Somery II (1235-1272), Roger de Somery III (1272-?)


Worcestershire:

Barons of Elmley Castle - Walter de Beauchamp (justice) (~1210-1236), William (III) de Beauchamp (1236-1269), Walter de Beauchamp (Steward to Edward I) (1269-1306)


In Yorkshire:

Barons of Richmond (Honour, Later Earls of Richmond) -

Barons Percy (Topcliffe/Alnwick later by writ) - Richard de Percy (~1200-1244), William de Percy, 6th Baron Percy (1197–1245) (1244-1245?), Henry de Percy, 7th Baron Percy (1228–1272) (1245-1272?), John de Percy, 8th Baron Percy (died 1285/93) (1272-1293?), Henry Percy, 1st Baron Percy (1293-1314)

Barons of Pontefract - Roger de Lacy (1170–1211) (1194-1211), John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln (1211-1240), Edmund de Lacy, Baron of Pontefract (1248-1258), Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln (1258-1311)

Barons of Skelton - Peter I de Brus (1188-1222), Peter II de Brus (1222-1240), Peter III de Brus (1240-1272)

Barons of Holgate -

Barons of Hallamshire - Gerard de Furnival (~1195-1219), Thomas de Furnival (1219-1238)

Barons of Bedale/FitzAlan - Bryan FitzAlan, Lord FitzAlan (1267-1306)

Barons of Mauley - Peter de Maulay (~1210-1241), Peter Mauley, 1st Baron Mauley (1249-1308)

Barons of Hylton - Robert Hylton, 1st Baron Hylton (~1285-1322)

Barons of Hazlewood - Robert le Vavasour (~1200-1230), William Vavasour (13th century) (~1270-1295)

Barons de Mowbray/Thursk - William de Mowbray (~1200-1224), Roger II de Mowbray (1240-1266), Roger de Mowbray, 1st Baron Mowbray (1266-1297), John de Mowbray, 2nd Baron Mowbray (1297-1322)


Unknown/Unclassifiable:

Barons of Chatham -

Barons Wake of Lidell - Baldwin Wake, John Wake, 1st Baron Wake of Liddell (~1285~1310)

Barons of Monmouth -

Barons of Mulgrave -

Barony of Thirsk -

Barons of Raby (Later Barons Neville by writ, possibly vassals of durham?) -

Barons of Alditheley -

Barons of Huntercombe - Walter de Huntercombe, 1st Baron Huntercombe (1295-1313)

Baron le Despenser - Hugh le Despenser (sheriff) (1218-1238), Hugh Despenser (justiciar) (1238-1265), Hugh Despenser the Elder (1285-1326) [Later as Earl of Winchester]

Barons de Ross - Robert de Ros (died 1227) (~1205-1227),

Barons of Wark (Honour) -

Barons of Morpeth -

Barons of Mitford -

Barons of Bywell -

Barons of Prudhoe - Richard Umfraville (1182-1226), Gilbert Umfraville I (1245), Gilbert Umfraville II (1245-1308) [Also ruled as Earl of Angus]

Barons la Zouche - Alan la Zouche (died 1270) (~1237-1270), Roger la Zouche (1270-1285), Alan la Zouche, 1st Baron Zouche of Ashby (1285-1314)

Barons of Dalston - Oliver de Vaux (~1205-1244)

Barons de Furnivall - Gerard de Furnival (~1200-1219), Thomas de Furnivall, 1st Baron Furnivall (~1290-1332)

Barons Boteler - William Boteler, 1st Baron Boteler of Werington (1295-1328)

Barons de Montalt - Roger de Montalt, 1st Baron Montalt (~1285-1297)

Barons de Grandison - Otto de Grandson (1277-1328)
Barons de Clavering -
Robert fitzRoger (1177-1214), John FitzRobert (1214-1240), Roger FitzJohn (1240-1249), Robert fitzRoger (died 1310) (1249-1310)

Barons Vavasour - William le Vavasour, 1st Baron Vavasour (~1290-1313)

Barons de Scales - Robert Scales, 1st Baron Scales (~1277-1304)

Barons Lovel de Tichmersh - John Lovel, 1st Baron Lovel (~1274-1311)

Barons of Montagu - Simon Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu (~1280-1316)



Barons by Service to the Crown:

These were royal servants who were deemed to have held the status of baron even if they did not hold any land.

Lord warden of the cinque ports - William of Huntingfield (1203), Peter de Rivaux (1232-1234), Bertram de Criol (1242-55) Roger Northwode (1255-1258), Richard de Grey (1268), Nicholas de Moels (1258-1269), Henry de Montfort (1264-1265), Stephen de Pencester (1267-1299)

Barons of the Exchequer - Roger Northwode (1255-1258), John de Cobham

Baron Butler - Theobald Walter, 1st Chief Butler of Ireland (1185-1206), Theobald le Botiller, 2nd Chief Butler of Ireland (1206-1230), Theobald Butler, 3rd Chief Butler of Ireland (1230-1248), Theobald Butler, 4th Chief Butler of Ireland (1248-1285), Edmund Butler, Earl of Carrick (1285-1321)


Under the Earls of Chester:

The earls of Chester were considered earls-palatine of the earldom of Chester[16]. They had almost complete rights over their domain and ruled like kings: they had their own court with their own barons, and their own justices[17]. Chester was last held be a non-royal by John the Scot who died in 1237- since than it passed to the crown and was given to a royal relative.

Barons of Mold -

Barons of Halton - Roger de Lacy (1170–1211) (1194-1211), Later held by the de lacey Earls of Lincoln

Barons of Malbank - Split into 3 baronies

Barons of Malpas - David Dan de Malpas(~1210-1260),

Barons of Dunham-Massey - Hamon III de Massey Baron of Dunham Massey[18](1185-1216), Hamon de Massey IV[19](1216-1250), Baron Hamon de Massey V[20](1250-1278), Hamon VI de Massey Baron of Dunham Massey[21](1278-~1310)

Barons of Shipbrook - Warin de Vernon 6th Baron of Shipbrook, Warine de Vernon 7th-Baron of Shipbrook, Warin de Vernon 8th Baron of Shipbrook

Barons of Kinderton - William de Venables 4th Baron of Kinderton(1188-1228), Hugh de Venables Baron of Kinderton(1228-1269), William de Venables Baron of Kinderton(1269-1292)

Barons of Lidell -

Barons of Fauconberg - Walter de Fauconberg, 1st Baron Fauconberg (~1285-1304)

Barons of Montalt - Roger de Montalt, 1st Baron Montalt (~1285-1297)


De Facto Under the Justiciar of Ireland:

These lords were the descendants of norman adventurers who had come over to Ireland following Richard FitzGodbert de Roche, Strong-bow, and others who had originally come as mercenaries for an Irish prince. These Norman adventurers had continued their predecessors conquest by making alliances, truces, pushing wars, etc. Although briefly almost independent of England, royal authority was soon established in Ireland.

Baron of Desmond -

Barons of Offaly - Gerald FitzMaurice, 1st Lord of Offaly (1193-1204), Maurice FitzGerald, 2nd Lord of Offaly (1204-1257), Maurice FitzGerald, 3rd Lord of Offaly (1257-1286), John FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Kildare (1286-1316)[In his last year of life he became earl of Kildare]

Barons of Ards - John de Courcy (1176-1205)

Barons of Connaacht - Richard Mór de Burgh, 1st Baron of Connaught (1227-1243),

Barons of Trim/Baron Geneville - Geoffrey de Geneville, 1st Baron Geneville (~1260-1314)

Barons of Foliot - Jordan Foliot (~1290-1298)


Under the Barons of Fingal (lordship of Meath Ireland):

Hugh de Lacey was granted the lordship of Meath shortly after the invasion of Ireland. However there was an Irish king who claimed the land as his own. Hugh invited this king to parley but it went poorly and it ended in the Irish being slaughtered. Because of nature of the lordship Hugh had the authority to appoint his own barons and had similar powers to a marcher lord[22]

Barons of Navan - Gilbert de Angulo (1195-1213), Phillip de Angulo (1213-1245), Miles de Angulo (1245-1259), Hugh de Angulo (1259~1264), Jordan de Angulo (~1264-1295), John de Nangle (~1295-1335)

Barons of Galtrim - Held by a branch of the Hussey family

Barons of Skryne - Richard de Feypo I (~1191-1240), Richard de Feypo II (~1240-1290), Simon de Feypo (~1295-1310)

Barons of Castleknock - Richard Tyrell (Baron) (1199~1240)

Barons of Manchester - Albert de Gresle/Robert de Gresle (~1195-1230)


Under the earls of Pembroke:

Barons of Norragh - Peter de Norrach (~1200-1241), Geoffrey de Norrach (1241~1260), William de Norrach (~1260~1318) [Held in fealty to the Baron of Hastings strangely]


Royal Knights and Officials

These are companions of the Kings of England during the 13th century. The kings kept household knights and a variety of skilled noblemen including administrators, scribes, and judges in his court in order to do is bidding in administrative, military and judicial matters[23]. In many cases noblemen would serve in more than one office depending on their favor with the king at the time. These nobles tended to be lesser nobles who acquired land, offices, and titles by service to the king.

Under King John:

Philip of Oldcoates

Hugh de Neville

Engelard de Cigogné

Reginald de Cornhill

John Russell (knight)

Geoffrey de Luterel

John de Havering

John de Vaux

John de Courcy

Philip d'Aubigny

Geoffrey de Luterel

Geoffrey de Neville (died 1225)

Robert of Thornham

Simon of Pattishall

Robert of Lexinton

Henry of Braybrooke

Falkes de Breauté

Walter of Pattishall

Gerard de Canville

Ralph de Hengham

Reginald de Braose

Walter de Beauchamp (Steward to Edward I)

Henry de Longchamp

Brian de Lisle

Thomas Sturmy

Robert of Burgate

Robert of Ropsley

William of Wrotham

Henry de Grey



Under Henry III of England:

Henry de Turberville

Roger de Leybourne

Bertram de Criol

Thomas Moulton (knight)

Stephen de Segrave

Nicholas de Moels

Richard de Southchurch

William Joynier

Richard de Montfichet

Hugh de Vivonne

Henry of Bath

Drogo de Barentyn

John Maunsell

Gilbert of Preston

Martin of Littlebury

Ralph Sandwich

Richard of Staines

Nicholas Segrave, 1st Baron Segrave

Walter de Merton

Philip Basset


Under Edward I:

John de Vaux

John de Bonvillars

William de Cicon

Gerard de St Laurent

Guillaume de Grandson

Stephen de Rognon

Hugh de Turberville

Marmaduke Thweng, 1st Baron Thweng

Luke de Tany

John St John (died 1302)

Thomas Weyland

Ralph de Hengham

William Bereford

Walter de Beauchamp (Steward to Edward I)

John Botetourt, 1st Baron Botetourt

Bartholomew Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere

Henry de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham

Gunselm de Badlesmere

Other Nobles

Note: Since these nobles generally did not hold a title the dates which they are marked by is when they lived, not when the reigned.

Royal Relatives:

Philip of Cognac - ~1180-1230 - Bastard of Richard I of England

Meiler Fitzhenry - ~1170-1220 - Grandson of King Henry I through his illegitimate son Henry FitzHenry, Served as Lord Chief Justice of Ireland

William Longespée the Younger - 1212-1250 - Crusader knight and Grandson of Henry II through his bastard son William Longespee

Stephen Longespée - 1216-1260 - A knight and Justiciar of Ireland, and seneschal of gascony who was a Grandson of Henry II through his bastard son William Longespee

Nicholas Longespee - ~1220-1297 - A bishop of Salisbury 1291-1297 and a Grandson of Henry II through his bastard son William Longespee

Ralph Gernun - He was King John's Nephew


Notable Nobles:

John Charlton, 1st Baron Charlton - At this point he was a young nobleman receiving his education at the kings court

Maurice de Gaunt - Nobleman and knight who founded Beverston Castle in Gloucestershire under a royal license

Thomas Butler, 1st Baron Dunboyne - He was the third son of the fourth Baron-Butler. He later came to be baron of Dunboyne by writ of summons in 1324

Peter de Montfort - Supporter of Simon de Montfort, Served as de facto "Speaker of the house of commons" under Simon's government

Henry de Montfort - Son of Simon de Montfort 6th earl of Leicester, killed at the battle of Evesham

Simon de Montfort the Younger - Second son of Simon de Montfort 6th earl of Leicester, died a fugitive

Amaury de Montfort (priest) - Third son of Simon de Montfort 6th earl of Leicester, outlived his brothers

Humbert de Pairaud - Master of the knights Templar for England and France

Roger de Leybourne - 1215-1271, English knight who took part in the second baron's war

John de Baalun - ~1180-1235 apperantly an english baron who served as Justice itinerant

John de Bayeux - ~1290-1249 a nobleman, murderer, and justice itinerant

William de Beauchamp (1185) - 1186-1260 was a nobleman, judge, and high sheriff

Henry le Scrope - 1268-1336 English nobleman, probably a squire (later a Lord-Chief Justice)

William de Ros of Helmsley - Lord of a manor

John Folville - He was a knight of the shire for Rutland

Eustace Folville - He was a child of John Folville and would eventually go on to be a bandit

Savari de Mauléon - He was a french count who helped King John in the civil war and was associated with king john; he even served on the regency council for Henry III

Robert Holland, 1st Baron Holand - At this point he was a young noble

Hugh Despenser the Younger - At this point he was a youth

Robert de Auberville - Justiciar in kent, keeper of the coast

Nicholas de Crioll - A knight who held at least 5 fiefs, briefly served as keeper of the coast, and was a member of the royal household listed as a valet

Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer - At this point he was a squire for Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester

William Hardell - Mayor of london and Magna Carta surety

John Botetourt, 1st Baron Botetourt - Upcoming nobleman serving as admiral in the 1290s

Thomas Pinkeney - Relative of Robert de Pinkeney

John de Valognes - Lord of Orford

Guy Ferre the Elder

Hugh de Vere, 1st Baron Vere - The second son of Robert de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford he served as a knight in gascony (1294-1297), and in Scotland (1299-1318)

John of Brittany, Earl of Richmond - A young man from ~1285 even acting as lieutenant of Gascony 1294-1297

References

  1. "Archbishop | ecclesiastical title". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  2. Hilton, Rodney (1992). "English and French Towns in Feudal Society". google.com/books. p. 44 45. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  3. "Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall". Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  4. "Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids: Bedford to Devon". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-05-22.
  5. Coke, Sir Edward; Littleton, Sir Thomas; Hale, Sir Matthew; Hargrave, Francis; Nottingham, Heneage Finch Earl of (1836). Systematic Arrangement of Lord Coke's First Institute of the Laws of England: On the Plan of Sir Matthew Hale's Analysis with the Annotations of Mr. Hargrave, Lord Chief Justice Hale, and Lord Chancellor Nottingham, and a New Series of Notes and References to the Present Time. A. Towar.
  6. Office, Great Britain Public Record (1904). Inquisitions and Assessments Relating to Feudal Aids: With Other Analogous Documents ... 1284-1431. H. M. Stationery Office.
  7. "On The Trail Of The Marcher Lords". www.magzter.com. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
  8. Davies, R. R. (December 1979). "Kings, Lords and Liberties in the March of Wales, 1066–1272". Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. 29: 41–61. doi:10.2307/3679112. ISSN 1474-0648. JSTOR 3679112.
  9. Painter, Sidney (2020-02-03). Studies in the History of the English Feudal Barony. JHU Press. ISBN 978-1-4214-3314-1.
  10. "Sir Robert de Courtenay, Baron of Okehampton". geni_family_tree. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  11. "John de Courtenay, Baron of Okehampton". geni_family_tree. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  12. "Sir Hugh Courtenay, Baron of Oakhampton". geni_family_tree. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  13. "John de Courtenay". geni_family_tree. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
  14. The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, for the Year ... Edw. Cave, 1736-[1868]. 1865.
  15. "Richard de Dover, Baron of Chilham". geni_family_tree. Retrieved 2020-05-20.
  16. HANSHALL, J. H. (1817). The History of the County Palatine of Chester. J. Fletcher, sold by the author.
  17. HANSHALL, J. H. (1817). The History of the County Palatine of Chester. J. Fletcher, sold by the author.
  18. King, Daniel; Smith, William; Webb (gentleman.), William; Leycester, Sir Peter; Lee, Samuel; Pennant, Thomas; Grose, Francis (1778). The history of Cheshire: containing King's Vale-royal entire. J. Poole.
  19. King, Daniel; Smith, William; Webb (gentleman.), William; Leycester, Sir Peter; Lee, Samuel; Pennant, Thomas; Grose, Francis (1778). The history of Cheshire: containing King's Vale-royal entire. J. Poole.
  20. King, Daniel; Smith, William; Webb (gentleman.), William; Leycester, Sir Peter; Lee, Samuel; Pennant, Thomas; Grose, Francis (1778). The history of Cheshire: containing King's Vale-royal entire. J. Poole.
  21. King, Daniel; Smith, William; Webb (gentleman.), William; Leycester, Sir Peter; Lee, Samuel; Pennant, Thomas; Grose, Francis (1778). The history of Cheshire: containing King's Vale-royal entire. J. Poole.
  22. Veach, Colin (2015-11-01). Lordship in four realms: The Lacy family, 1166–1241. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-1-5261-0308-6.
  23. Church, S. D.; Church, Stephen David (1999-07-22). The Household Knights of King John. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-55319-3.


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