List of metropolitan areas in Europe

This list ranks metropolitan areas in Europe by their population according to three different sources; it includes metropolitan areas that have a population of over 1 million.

This is a list of metropolitan areas. For a list of urban areas, see List of urban areas in Europe. For a list of cities proper, see List of European cities by population within city limits. For a list of European cities by country, see List of cities in Europe.
Satellite picture of Europe by night. Lights reveal the urbanized areas of Europe. It also shows the Blue Banana megalopolis from north-west England to northern Italy, and Golden Banana urbanized area between Genoa and Valencia.

Sources

List includes metropolitan areas according only studies of ESPON, Eurostat, and OECD. For this reason some metropolitan areas, like Italian Genoa Metropolitan Area (population is over 1.510.000 as of 2012 according "CityRailway" Official Report), aren't included in this list, with data by other statistic survey institutes.

Figures in the first column come from the ESPON project, "Study on Urban Functions", which defines cities according to the concept of a functional urban area (core urban area defined morphologically on the basis of population density, plus the surrounding labour pool defined on the basis of commuting). Figures in the second column come from Eurostat's Urban Audit and correspond to Larger Urban Zones (LUZ). Figures in the fourth column come from the OECD Territorial Reviews and correspond to "metropolitan regions". Further information on how the areas are defined can be found in the source documents. These figures should be seen as an interpretation, not as conclusive fact.

Metropolitan areas
  Areas within the European Union
Metropolitan area name Country City Population

Urban Agglomeration

(2020)[1]

 Eurostat
Metropolitan region
(2019)[2]		 Eurostat
Metropolitan region
(2018)[2]		 ESPON
Functional Urban Area
(2006)[3]		 OECD
Metropolitan region
(2016)[4]
Amsterdam metropolitan area  Netherlands 2,475,000 3,269,905 3,242,852 2,497,000[lower-alpha 1] 2,717,363[lower-alpha 1]
Antwerp  Belgium 1,120,000 985,332 1,047,030 1,406,000[lower-alpha 2] 1,097,788
Athens  Greece 3,350,000 3,561,750 3,576,590 3,761,000 3,562,538
Barcelona metropolitan area  Spain 4,775,000 5,575,204 5,514,881 4,082,000[lower-alpha 3] 3,969,628
Belgrade  Serbia 1,420,000 No data No data No data 1,133,146
Berlin  Germany 4,725,000 5,303,846 5,259,363 4,016,000 5,142,247
Bilbao  Spain <1,000,000 1,137,191 1,134,848 947,000 1,037,033
Birmingham (West Midlands)  United Kingdom 3,150,000 2,558,916 2,545,475 3,683,000 2,968,313
Bremen  Germany 1,000,000 1,277,609 1,274,611 1,077,000 1,255,402
Bristol  United Kingdom <1,000,000 1,157,937 1,147,017 1,041,000 944,390
Brussels-Capital Region  Belgium 2,700,000 2,548,941 2,528,996 2,639,000[lower-alpha 2] 2,628,971
Bucharest metropolitan area  Romania 2,200,000 2,315,173 2,301,255 2,064,000 No data
Budapest metropolitan area  Hungary 2,625,000 3,031,160 3,011,598 2,523,000 2,965,908
Cardiff  United Kingdom <1,000,000 1,140,165 1,135,795 1,097,000 779,800
Copenhagen  Denmark 1,680,000 2,045,259 2,030,718 2,350,000[5][6][lower-alpha 4] 2,054,881
Donetsk  Ukraine 1,440,000 No data No data No data No data
Dnipro  Ukraine 1,390,000 No data No data No data No data
Dublin Metropolitan Area  Ireland 1,390,000 2,107,749 2,069,386 1,477,000 1,914,191
Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Region  Germany 3,250,000 2,710,127 2,693,115 2,764,000[lower-alpha 5] 2,647,100
Gdańsk  Poland <1,000,000 1,317,517 993,000 1,154,488
Gothenburg  Sweden 1,041,850 1,021,831 1,015,974 759,000 950,000
Greater Glasgow  United Kingdom 1,680,000 1,861,315 1,854,866 1,395,000 1,817,860
The Hague  Netherlands Included in Rotterdam No data No data 1,404,000[lower-alpha 1] 1,070,292
Hamburg Metropolitan Region  Germany 2,875,000 3,327,940 3,309,215 2,983,000 3,234,465
Helsinki Metropolitan Area  Finland 1,300,000 1,671,024 1,655,624 1,285,000 1,471,930
Istanbul[lower-alpha 6]  Turkey 16,000,000 No data No data No data 11,400,000
Katowice metropolitan area  Poland 2,350,000 2,695,148 2,705,106 3,029,000[lower-alpha 7] 2,541,191
Kazan  Russia 1,260,000 No data No data No data No data
Kharkiv  Ukraine 1,640,000 No data No data No data No data
Kiev metropolitan area  Ukraine 3,475,000 No data No data No data No data
Kraków metropolitan area  Poland <1,000,000 1,491,811 1,480,803 1,236,000 1,407,564
West Yorkshire (Leeds - Bradford)  United Kingdom 2,175,000 1,750,276 1,741,298 2,302,000 2,598,078
Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai  France/
 Belgium		 1,290,000 2,594,456 2,597,774 1,379,000[lower-alpha 8] 1,344,730
Lisbon metropolitan area  Portugal 2,475,000 2,846,332 2,833,679 2,591,000 2,818,149
Liverpool/Birkenhead  United Kingdom 1,880,000 1,784,475 2,042,955 2,241,000 1,202,000
Łódź  Poland <1,000,000 1,070,544 1,074,374 1,165,000 915,942
Wrocław  Poland <1,000,000 638,659 636,050 861,000 No data
London metropolitan area  United Kingdom 14,800,000 14,372,596 14,257,962 11,203,000 11,984,435
Lyon  France 1,980,000 1,865,534 1,867,275 1,669,000 1,951,439
Madrid metropolitan area  Spain 6,550,000 6,641,649 6,549,520 5,263,000 6,633,278
Greater Manchester  United Kingdom 3,350,000 3,712,997 3,695,071 2,556,000 3,319,654
Marseille  France 1,660,000 3,100,329 3,100,110 1,530,000 1,751,020
Milan metropolitan area  Italy 6,200,000 4,354,448 4,336,121 7,636,000[lower-alpha 9] 5,101,065
Minsk  Belarus 2,000,000 No data No data No data No data
Moscow metropolitan area  Russia 17,300,000 No data No data No data No data
Munich  Germany 2,250,000 2,908,664 2,883,373 2,665,000[lower-alpha 10] 2,849,393
Naples metropolitan area  Italy 4,225,000 3,084,890 3,101,002 3,714,000[7] 3,418,061
Nice  France <1,000,000 1,080,815 1,082,139 1,082,000 818,110
Nizhny Novgorod  Russia 1,730,000 No data No data No data No data
Nottingham-Derby  United Kingdom 1,380,000 331,297 329,448[lower-alpha 11] 1,534,000 908 434
Nuremberg Metropolitan Region  Germany 1,200,000 1,349,848 1,340,886 1,443,000 1,323,620
Odessa  Ukraine 1,110,000 No data No data No data No data
Greater Oslo  Norway 1,190,000 1,305,122 1,287,495 1,037,000 1,344,368
Paris metropolitan area  France 11,400,000 12,244,807 12,183,893 11,175,000 12,006,868
Perm  Russia 1,110,000 No data No data No data No data
Porto Metropolitan Area  Portugal 1,540,000 1,722,374 1,719,702 1,245,000[lower-alpha 12] 1,272,104
Portsmouth-Southampton  United Kingdom 1,160,000 806,001 802,162 1,547,000 538,536
Poznań  Poland <1,000,000 1,186,164 919,000 983,006
Prague  Czech Republic 1,440,000 2,677,964 2,647,308 1,669,000 2,177,527
Rhein-Nord[lower-alpha 13] (Düsseldorf - Neuss)  Germany See Rhein-Sud 1,555,985 1,552,097 3,073,000[lower-alpha 14] Not listed[lower-alpha 1]
Rhein-Süd[lower-alpha 13] (Cologne - Bonn)  Germany 5,000,000 2,003,046 1,994,524 3,070,000[lower-alpha 14] 1,975,018
Riga  Latvia <1,000,000 1,003,203 1,005,237 1,195,000 937,546
Rome metropolitan area  Italy 3,575,000 4,342,212 4,355,725 5,190,000 4,414,288
Rostov-on-Don  Russia 1,300,000 No data No data No data No data
Rotterdam - The Hague  Netherlands 3,250,000 1,846,933 1,835,354 1,904,000[lower-alpha 1] 1,680,466
Ruhr area  Germany 5,700,000 5,111,530 5,113,487 5,376,000[lower-alpha 14] 5,102,104
Saarbrücken - Forbach  Germany/
 France		 No data 802,664 1,102,000 801,525
Saint Petersburg  Russia 5,650,000 No data No data No data No data
Samara  Russia 1,300,000 No data No data No data No data
Saratov  Russia 1,090,000 No data No data No data No data
Seville  Spain 1,290,000 1,949,640 1,945,236 1,180,000[lower-alpha 15] 1,532,587
Sofia  Bulgaria 1,300,000 1,678,041 1,679,413 1,174,000 no data
Metropolitan Stockholm  Sweden 2,225,000 2,344,124 2,308,143 2,171,000 2,269,060
South Yorkshire (Sheffield)  United Kingdom 1,570,000 584,028 580,108 1,869,000 1,178,489
Stuttgart Metropolitan Region  Germany 2,400,000 2,787,724 2,778,591 2,289,000 2,736,450
Thessaloniki metropolitan area  Greece <1,000,000 1,104,690 1,105,663 1,052,000 1,054,673
Turin metropolitan area  Italy 1,640,000 2,259,523 2,269,120 1,601,000[lower-alpha 16] 1,769,475
Newcastle-Sunderland  United Kingdom 1,480,000 1,177,704 1,172,580 1,599,000 1,166,554
Ufa  Russia 1,130,000 No data No data No data No data
Valencia  Spain 2,000,000 2,540,588 2,531,187 1,398,000[lower-alpha 17] 1,708,826
Vienna  Austria 2,250,000 2,853,903 2,838,558 2,584,000 2,793,510
Volgograd  Russia 1,410,000 No data No data No data No data
Warsaw metropolitan area  Poland 2,375,000 3,053,104 3,025,034 2,785,000 3,132,671
Zagreb  Croatia <1,000,000 1,240,433 1,240,310 No data No data
Zürich metropolitan area   Switzerland 1,430,000 1,520,968 1,504,346 1,615,000 1,337,344

Polycentric metropolitan areas in the European Union

(excludes Commonwealth of Independent States and Turkey)

Rank Area State Population[8]
1 Rhine-Ruhr  Germany 12,190,000
2 Randstad  Netherlands 8,219,380
3 Upper Silesian metropolitan area  Poland/  Czech Republic 5,294,000
4 Flemish Diamond  Belgium 5,103,000

See also

Regional and country-specific lists

Notes
  1. Part of the Randstad polycentric urban region consisting of the metropolitan areas of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht (982,000). The total population of the region is 7,100,000.
  2. The Flemish Diamond metropolitan region, which consists of the metropolitan areas of Brussels, Antwerp, Gent, and Leuven, has a total population of 5,103,000.
  3. Total population is 4,251,000 if the metropolitan area of Mataro (169,000) is included.
  4. Part of the wider Öresund region, which includes the Swedish metropolitan area of Malmö (961,000). The total regional population is 2,842,000.
  5. Part of the Rhein-Main metropolitan region with a total population of 4,149,000, which additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Darmstadt (501,000), Wiesbaden (453,000), and Mainz (431,000).
  6. 65% of the population lives on the European part
  7. Part of the polycentric Upper Silesian urban region with a total population of 5,294,000. The region additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Ostrava (1,046,000), Bielsko-Biala (584,000) and Rybnik (526,000).
  8. Part of the wider Lille-Bassin Minier region with a total population of 3,115,000.
  9. Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 8,311,000.
  10. When combined with the Augsburg metropolitan area (606,000), the region has a total population of 3,271,000.
  11. just Nottingham (Derby 257,101)
  12. Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 1,778,000.
  13. Polycentric metropolitan area
  14. Part of the polycentric urban region of Rhein-Ruhr, which has a total population of 12,190,000.
  15. Total population is 1,262,000 if the metropolitan area of Utrera (82,000) is included.
  16. Total population is 1,716,000 if the metropolitan of Pinerolo is included.
  17. Total population is 1,499,000 if the metropolitan area of Sagunto is included.

References
  1. "Major Agglomerations of The World". citypopulation.de. 1 January 2020.
  2. "Database". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 20 Jun 2020. click General and regional statistics / Regional statistics by typology / Metropolitan regions / Demography statistics by metropolitan regions / Population on 1 January by broad age group, sex and metropolitan regions (met_pjanaggr3)
  3. "Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3)]" (PDF). European Spatial Planning Observation Network. March 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015., Final Report, Chapter 3
  4. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, , Metropolitan areas, (OECD Publishing, 2017), Table 1.1
  5. OECD: Territorial Review Copenhagen, 2009, p. 34, ISBN 9789264060029
  6. also obtainable through
  7. "Principal Agglomerations of the World". Citypopulation. January 2017.
  8. European Spatial Planning Observation Network, Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3) Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007) page 241-243
  • Geopolis: research group, university of Paris-Diderot, France - Population of urban areas of 10,000 or more
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