List of desalination plants in Australia
As a result of the water supply crisis during the severe 1997–2009 drought State governments around Australia began building desalination plants that purify seawater using reverse osmosis technology. Many of these plants have included in their overall cost the building of renewable energy sources such as wind farms.
Australia's first working desalination plant was the Kwinana plant in Perth, and was completed in November 2006. A second plant on the Gold Coast began operations in February 2009. The Kurnell Desalination Plant in Sydney was opened on 28 January 2010.[1]
List of desalination plants
Desalination plants in use
| Plant | Capacity (Megalitres per day) | Capacity (Gigalitres per year) | Percent of water supply - at full capacity | Current status | Location | Completion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gold Coast Desalination Plant | 125 | 45 | 27% of South East Queensland | Operating at a minimum production level[2] | Queensland (Tugun) 28.157°S 153.497°E | 2009 |
| Perth Seawater Desalination Plant | 130 | 48 | 17% of Perth | Provides 45 gigalites a year[2] | Western Australia (Kwinana) 32.203°S 115.773°E | 2006 |
| Southern Seawater Desalination Plant (Binningup) | 270 | 100 | 20% of Perth | Western Australia (Binningup) 33.129°S 115.703°E | 2012[3] | |
| Sydney Desalination Plant numbrzdesal-order-to-put-pressure-on-water-bills-20180813-p4zx9e.html |title=Proposed record desal order to put pressure on water bills |author=Carey, Adam|date=13 August 2018|work=The Age|accessdate=8 October 2019}}</ref> | Victoria (Wonthaggi) 38.588°S 145.526°E | 2012 | ||||
| Adelaide Desalination Plant | 300 | 100 | 50% of Adelaide | Operating at a minimum production level[2] supplying 10% of SA water[4] | South Australia (Port Stan vac) 35.097°S 138.484°E | 2012 |
Sydney's desalination plant has been flicked on after much anticipation.
Its activation tells us Sydney's dam levels have dipped below 60 per cent and we need a backup source of drinking water.There has been a renewed focus on desalination recently due to a prolonged drought putting metropolitan and regional water supplies under stress.It may surprise some people to know the desalination plant is the first line of defence, with water restrictions not imposed until dams reach 50%.
Smaller desalination plants
| State | Location | Capacity (Megalitres per day) | Status | Year
Commissioned |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albany (Cape Riche) | 34 | Approved 2012 | ||
| Barrow Island (Gorgon gas project) | 7 | Operating | ||
| Burrup (West Pilbara) | 16.4 | Operating | ||
| Cape Preston (Sino Iron project, Pilbara) | 140 | Operating[5] | ||
| Esperance | 45 | Proposed 2011 | ||
| Garden Island (Navy Base) | Unknown | Q1 2014 | ||
| Karratha | 175 | Planning | ||
| Long Island (Houtman Abrolhos) | 0.017 | Operating | ||
| Onslow (Wheatstone LNG) | 11 | |||
| Rottnest Island | 0.55 | Operating | ||
| Undecided | 150 | Planning | ||
| Hawker | 0.44 | Operating[6] | ||
| Kangaroo Head (Penneshaw, Kangaroo Island) | 0.3 | Operating | ||
| Leigh Creek | not known | Operating[7] | ||
| Marion Bay | 0.06 | Operating | 2008[8] | |
| Port Augusta (Sundrop Farms) | 8 | Operating | ||
| Sleaford Bay | 8 | Planning 2018/19[9] | ||
| Whyalla Steelworks (Arrium) | 4 | Operating | ||
| Green Island | 0.06 | Operating | ||
| Hamilton Island | 1.5 | Operating | ||
| Hook Island | ? | Operating | ||
| Long Island (Club Crocodile) | 0.12 | Operating | ||
| St. Agnes / 1770 (Gladstone) | 1.5 | Operating | 2010[10] | |
|
Offshore |
Christmas Island | 4.5 | Operating | |
| Home Island (Cocos & Keeling Islands) | 0.35 | Under construction 2014 | ||
| Timor Sea (Ichthys LNG) | 0.5 | ? |
Secondary desalination plants, citations[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]
Desalination plants in development or cancelled
| Plant | Capacity (Megalitres per day) | Location | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anketell Point (Pilbara) | 9.6 | Western Australia | Approved 2013[20] then cancelled[21] |
| Bribie Island | unknown | Queensland | In dispute |
| North Stradbroke Island | unknown | Queensland | In dispute |
| Onslow Desalination Plant | 2 | Western Australia | |
| Point Lowly / Port Bonython (BHP Billiton) | 280 | South Australia | Approved 2011, not constructed |
| Point Paterson Desalination Plant | 15 | South Australia | Project cancelled |
| Port Spencer / Lipson Cove (Centrex Metals) | 14-55 | South Australia | Project cancelled |
| Sunshine Coast | unknown | Queensland | Suggested after 2028 |
| Toukley | 20 | New South Wales | Approved 2007, construction deferred |
References
- "Sydney's desal plant switched on". The Sydney Morning Herald. 28 January 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
- Puddy, Rebecca (12 September 2015). "Idle desalination plants built by Labor cost $1bn". The Australian. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
- Inc., Advanced Solutions International. "Desalination Fact Sheet". www.awa.asn.au. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
- "Adelaide desalination plant too expensive, Liberals say, despite falling electricity bill". ABC News. 28 October 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
- "Sino Iron Project Desalination Plant | Case study | Ausenco". www.ausenco.com. Retrieved 2016-04-21.
- "Hawker desalination plant operational". The Transcontinental. 2014-09-16. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
- "Leigh Creek to receive SA Water services" (PDF). SA Water, Government of South Australia. pp. 1 & 4. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- "Marion Bay Desalination Plant - Osmoflo". www.osmoflo.com. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
- Cootes, Isobel (2018-08-07). "Desal plant plan announced". Port Lincoln Times. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
- "Agnes Water desalination plant - Osmoflo". www.osmoflo.com. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
- G. Crisp and E.A. Swinton, Desalination in Australia: A review, Water 35(2) (2008) 94.
- Evans, G. “Sydney Desalination.” Water-technology. 26 August 2008. Web. 28 April 2010. <http://www.water-technology.net/features/feature40057>
- Desal plant gets final approval.” WAtoday. 24 June 2009. Web. 1 May 2010 <http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/desal-plant-gets-final-approval-20090624-cwij.html>
- Desalination – Project Information.” SA Water. Government of South Australia. n.d. Web. 1 May 2010. <http://www.sawater.com.au/SAWater/WhatsNew/MajorProjects/ADP_ProjectInfo.htm Archived 2010-05-04 at the Wayback Machine>
- Gipson, D. “Take Bligh’s promises on Bribie Island desalination plan with grain of salt.” LNP. 19 April 2010. Web. 29 April 2010. <http://lnp.org.au/media-centre/media-release/2408-take-blighs-promises-on-bribie-island-desalination-plant-with-a-grain-of-salt.html>
- Lucas, P. “Study rules out two future desalination plant sites.” Queensland Government. 23 February 2009. Web. 30 April 2010. <http://www.cabinet.qld.gov.au/mms/StatementDisplaySingle.aspx?id=62905>
- "Drinking water for a seaside tourism community" Archived 2014-02-04 at the Wayback Machine Osmoflo Retrieved 2014-01-07.
- Water - A precious commodity Archived 2014-01-09 at Archive.today Rottnest Island Retrieved 2014-01-09.
- Industries - Resorts Ausmos Retrieved 2014-01-09.
- API West Pilbara Iron Ore Project - Stage 1 Desalination Discharge Management Plan (PDF). Como, Western Australia: API Management Pty Ltd. 2010. p. 2.
- "Anketell port bid scuppered". The West Australian. 2016-04-15. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
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