List of VLF-transmitters

A list of VLF-transmitters and LF-transmitters, which work or worked on frequencies below 100 kHz.

List of VLF transmissions


Name / Call sign	Location	Frequency	Coordinates	Remarks
NOV Alpha Transmitter Novosibirsk	Bolotnoye, Bolotninsky District, Russia	11.905 kHz	55°45′22″N 84°26′52.4″E	Alpha-Navigation
KRA Alpha Transmitter Krasnodar	Poltavskaya, Russia	12.649 kHz	45°24′12″N 38°09′29″E	Alpha-Navigation, also RJH63
KOM Alpha Transmitter Komsomolskamur	Khabarovsk, Russia	12.649 kHz	50°04′24″N 136°36′24″E	Alpha-Navigation
MUR Alpha Transmitter Murmansk	Revda, Russia	12.649 kHz	68°02′8″N 34°41′00″E	Alpha-Navigation
ASH Alpha Transmitter Ashkabad	Seyda, Turkmenistan	12.649 kHz	39°28′16″N 62°43′07″E	Alpha-Navigation
Trinidad - Omega Station B	Chaguaramas, Trinidad	12.0 kHz	10.699738°N 61.638386°W / 10.699738; -61.638386	valley span antenna dismantled, station replaced by the Paynesville Liberia Station in 1976
Paynesville - Omega Station B	Paynesville, Liberia	12.0 kHz	6.305442°N 10.662068°W / 6.305442; -10.662068	1,368-foot (417 m) tower demolished in 2011
Kaneohe - Omega Station C	Haiku Valley, Hawaii, USA	11.8 kHz	21.404811°N 157.830834°W / 21.404811; -157.830834	5,000-foot (1,500 m) valley span antenna, decommissioned in 1997. Antenna dismantled, deteriorating transmitter building and Haiku Stairs remain
Bratland - Omega Station A	Bratland, Norway	12.1 kHz	66.419323°N 13.129950°E / 66.419323; 13.129950	11,500-foot (3,500 m) valley span antenna over salt water. dismantled in 2002. Building and helix house remains
LaMoure - Omega Station D	LaMoure, North Dakota, USA	12.1 kHz	46.365987°N 98.335667°W / 46.365987; -98.335667	now operated by US Navy on 25.2 kHz
Plaine Chabrier - Omega Station E	Plaine Chabrier, Reunion Island	12.3 kHz	20.974153°S 55.289973°E / -20.974153; 55.289973	1,404-foot (428 m) tower demolished in 1999
Golfo Nuevo - Omega Station F	TGolfo Nuevo, Chubut, Argentina	12.9 kHz	43.053524°S 65.190763°W / -43.053524; -65.190763	1,201-foot (366 m) tower demolished in 1998
Woodside - Omega Station G	Woodside, Victoria, Australia	13.0 kHz	38.481268°S 146.935326°E / -38.481268; 146.935326	1,417-foot (432 m) foot tower demolished in 2015
Shushi-Wan - Omega Station H	Tsushima Island, Japan	12.8 kHz	34.614763°N 129.453830°E / 34.614763; 129.453830	1,276-foot (389 m) foot tower dismantled in 1998
GBZ Criggion	Criggion, Wales, UK	15.2 kHz	52.72246°N 3.06295°W / 52.72246; -3.06295	towers and antenna demolished in 2003. Derelict transmitter building remains
Kahuku Marconi Transmitter	Kahuku, Oahu, Hawaii, USA	16.1 kHz	21.7062°N 157.9731°W / 21.7062; -157.9731	shut down in 1939, deteriorated transmitter building and support buildings remain
Monte Grande Radio Station	Monte Grande, Argentina	17.330 kHz	34.757502°S 58.509128°W / -34.757502; -58.509128
Waunfawr Marconi Transmitter	Waunfawr, Wales, UK	21.2 kHz	53.1239°N 4.1935°W / 53.1239; -4.1935	Closed in 1938, only the transmitter building remains
Table Head Marconi Transmitter	Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada	37.5 kHz	46.21118°N 59.9525°W / 46.21118; -59.9525	dismantled and moved to Marconi Towers, Nova Scotia in 1904
Marconi Towers Transmitter	Marconi Towers, Nova Scotia, Canada	37.5 kHz	46.1547273°N 59.9455246°W / 46.1547273; -59.9455246	closed and sold in 1946. Manager's house and ruins remain.
Marion Marconi Transmitter	Marion. Massachusetts, USA	25.8 kHz	41.7131401°N 70.7748406°W / 41.7131401; -70.7748406	shut down in 1957, towers demolished in 1960. Transmitter and support buildings remain
New Brunswick Marconi Transmitter	New Brunswick, New Jersey. USA	21.8 kHz	40.51529°N 74.48895°W / 40.51529; -74.48895	shut down in 1948, demolished in 1953. Only the station cottage remains
Bolinas Marconi Transmitter	Bolinas, California. USA	19.2 kHz	37.913°N 122.72825°W / 37.913; -122.72825	shut down in 1946. Transmitter building, MF and HF transmitters and one cottage remain
RCA Radio Central	Rocky Point, New York, USA	18.3 kHz	40.92379°N 72.9356°W / 40.92379; -72.9356	last VLF tower demolished in 1977
NSS Annapolis	Annapolis, Maryland, USA	21.4 kHz	38.977778°N 76.453333°W / 38.977778; -76.453333	shut down in 1996, 1,200-foot (370 m) tower demolished in 1999, three 600-foot (180 m) towers remain
Forestport Tower	Forestport, New York, USA		43.44485337°N 75.0861464°W / 43.44485337; -75.0861464	1,205-foot (367 m) tower demolished in 1998
Tuckerton Transmitter	Tuckerton, New Jersey, USA	22.1 kHz	39.558495°N 74.370570°W / 39.558495; -74.370570	shut down 1948, 820-foot (250 m) tower demolished 1955, transmitter building remains
Silver Creek Communications Annex	Silver Creek, Nebraska, USA		41.3461996°N 97.72176109°W / 41.3461996; -97.72176109	1,226-foot (374 m) tower demolished in 1995. Building remains.
Hawes Radio Relay Facility	Hinkley, California, USA		34.9174009°N 117.377046654°W / 34.9174009; -117.377046654	1,226-foot (374 m) tower and all buildings demolished in 1986
HWU	Rosnay, France	15.1 kHz, 18.3 kHz, 21.75 kHz	46.714119°N 1.244309°E / 46.714119; 1.244309
GBR	Rugby, UK	15.8 kHz	52.367290°N 1.188524°W / 52.367290; -1.188524	shut-down in 2003, demolished in 2007
JXN	Gildeskål, Norway	16.4 kHz	66.982337°N 13.872471°E / 66.982337; 13.872471	7,759-foot (2,365 m) valley-span antenna
SAQ	Grimeton, Sweden	17.2 kHz	57.113958°N 12.404425°E / 57.113958; 12.404425	Only active at special occasions (Alexanderson Day)
NAA	Cutler, Maine, USA	17.8 kHz, 24.0 kHz	44.644506°N 67.284565°W / 44.644506; -67.284565
INS Kattabomman	Vijayanarayanam, India	18.2 kHz	8.3869497°N 77.7505891°E / 8.3869497; 77.7505891
NBA Summit Naval Radio Station	Summit, Canal Zone, Panama	18.6 kHz	9.0699425°N 79.6333477°W / 9.0699425; -79.6333477	megawatt naval VLF station, demolished
GQD	Anthorn, Cumbria, UK	19.6 kHz	54.911683°N 3.278738°W / 54.911683; -3.278738	13 towers, 745-foot (227 m) tall
NWC	Exmouth, Western Australia	19.8 kHz	21.816325°S 114.16546°E / -21.816325; 114.16546
ICV	Tavolara (Sardinia, Italy)	20.27 kHz, 20.76 kHz	40.922889°N 9.732052°E / 40.922889; 9.732052	Valley-span antenna
RJH69	Vileyka, Belarus	20.5 kHz	54.463204°N 26.775827°E / 54.463204; 26.775827	Time signal transmitter Beta
RJH77	Archangelsk, Russia	20.5 kHz	64.360491°N 41.568489°E / 64.360491; 41.568489	Time signal transmitter Beta
RJH99	Nizhny Novgorod, Russia	20.5 kHz	56.171945°N 43.931667°E / 56.171945; 43.931667	Time signal transmitter Beta
RJH66	Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan	20.5 kHz	43.039444°N 73.6125°E / 43.039444; 73.6125	Time signal transmitter Beta
RAB99	Khabarovsk, Russia	20.5 kHz	48.48555°N 134.82333°E / 48.48555; 134.82333	Time signal transmitter Beta
	Martanskaya, Russia		44.773640°N 39.547262°E / 44.773640; 39.547262
NPM	Lualualei, Hawaii, USA	21.4 kHz	21.420382°N 158.153912°W / 21.420382; -158.153912	1,503-foot (458 m) tower installed 1972
NPO Sangley Point Naval Radio Statiom	Cavite, Philippines	21.5 kHz	14.495°N 120.908°E / 14.495; 120.908	Three 600-foot (180 m) VLF towers demolished after World War II
GBZ	Skelton, UK	22.1 kHz	54.731929°N 2.883359°W / 54.731929; -2.883359
JJI	Ebino, Japan	22.2 kHz	32.092247°N 130.829095°E / 32.092247; 130.829095
JAP	Yosami, Japan		34.971474°N 137.017018°E / 34.971474; 137.017018	demolished
Malabar Radio Station	Malabar, Indonesia		7.116281°S 107.606183°E / -7.116281; 107.606183	valley span-antenna, demolished
DHO38	Rhauderfehn, Germany	23.4 kHz	53.087341°N 7.608652°E / 53.087341; 7.608652	submarine communication
NLK	Seattle, Washington (USA)	24.8 kHz	48.203633°N 121.916828°W / 48.203633; -121.916828	valley-span antenna
NML La Moure US Navy Transmitter	LaMoure, North Dakota, USA	25.2 kHz	46.365987°N 98.335667°W / 46.365987; -98.335667	1,148-foot (350 m) tower
NPM	Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, USA	26.1 kHz	21.35°N 157.964°W / 21.35; -157.964	Three 600-foot (180 m) towers dismantled in 1936. Transmitters moved to Lualualei in 1936
Denizkoy VLF Transmitter TBB	Bafa, Turkey	26.7 kHz	37.409420°N 27.325273°E / 37.409420; 27.325273	1,247-foot (380 m) tower
NPL Chollas Heights	San Diego, California, USA	30.6 kHz	32.74063°N 117.0643°W / 32.74063; -117.0643	ceased operations in 1992, towers demolished 1995, Transmitter building remains
TFK	Grindavik, Iceland	37.6 kHz	63.850833°N 22.451667°W / 63.850833; -22.451667	proberbly 37.5 kHz ! (center)
Sayville Telefunken Wireless Station	Sayville, New York, USA	38.4 kHz	40.7437°N 73.1033°W / 40.7437; -73.1033	477-foot (145 m) tower demolished. massive concrete guy wire anchors remain.
JJY	Mount Otakadoya, Japan	40 kHz	37.372557°N 140.849007°E / 37.372557; 140.849007	Time signal
SRC	Grimeton, Sweden	40.4 kHz	57.113958°N 12.404425°E / 57.113958; 12.404425	Shares antenna with SAQ, used for encrypted messages to Swedish Navy
NAU Naval Communications Station Puerto Rico	Aguada, Puerto Rico, USA	40.75 kHz	18.398775°N 67.177486°W / 18.398775; -67.177486	1,205-foot (367 m) tower
NAA Arlington	Arlington, Virginia, USA	50.0 kHz	38.867820°N 77.0791°W / 38.867820; -77.0791	towers removed in 1941, NAA buildings remain
Clifden Marconi Transmitter	Derrigimlagh, Clifden, Ireland	54.5 kHz	53.4508506°N 10.0430238°W / 53.4508506; -10.0430238	demolished following an attack by Irish republican forces in July 1922. Ruins remain
WWVB	Fort Collins, Colorado, USA	60 kHz	40.678056°N 105.046944°W / 40.678056; -105.046944	Time signal
JJY	Mount Hagane, Japan	60 kHz	33.465539°N 130.175516°E / 33.465539; 130.175516	Time signal
MSF	Anthorn, Cumbria, UK	60 kHz	54.91°N 3.28°W / 54.91; -3.28	Time signal
RBU	Moscow, Russia	66.666 kHz	55.730481°N 38.152471°E / 55.730481; 38.152471	Time signal
RBU	Taldom, Russia	66.666 kHz	56.733333°N 37.663333°E / 56.733333; 37.663333	Time signal
BPC	Pucheng, China	68.5 kHz	34.948333°N 109.542778°E / 34.948333; 109.542778	Time signal
HBG	Prangins, Switzerland	75 kHz	46.408422°N 6.252680°E / 46.408422; 6.252680	Demolished 2012
Globecomm Tower	Thule, Greenland	68.9 kHz	76.553133°N 68.5507134°W / 76.553133; -68.5507134	1,241-foot (378 m) tower was the tallest structure outside the USA in 1954. Demolished in 1992
BSF	Guishan, Taiwan	77.5 kHz	25.005556°N 121.365°E / 25.005556; 121.365	Time signal
DCF77	Mainhausen, Germany	77.5 kHz	50.014234°N 9.011487°E / 50.014234; 9.011487	most important time signal in Europe
RKS Liblice 1	Liblice, Czech		50.072249°N 14.880810°E / 50.072249; 14.880810	demolished
	Podebrady, Czech		50.137793°N 15.144331°E / 50.137793; 15.144331
	Radom - Wacyn, Poland		51.409332°N 21.117214°E / 51.409332; 21.117214
	Warsaw, Poland		52.266412°N 20.879892°E / 52.266412; 20.879892	destroyed
Goliath	Kalbe, Germany		52.669218°N 11.421890°E / 52.669218; 11.421890	removed by Russian troops, reinstalled in Russia
Nauen Transmitter Station	Nauen, Germany		52.647959°N 12.908292°E / 52.647959; 12.908292	872-foot (266 m) tower demolished and all equipment removed by Soviet Army in 1946, transmitter building remains
Eilvese	Eilvese, Germany		52.546389°N 9.414722°E / 52.546389; 9.414722	820-foot (250 m) tower demolished in 1931
Königs Wusterhausen	Königs Wusterhausen, Germany		52.304277°N 13.611326°E / 52.304277; 13.611326	demolished
Kamina	Kamina, Togo		7.933333°N 0.85°E / 7.933333; 0.85	destroyed
Herzogstand	Herzogstand, Germany		47.628889°N 11.322222°E / 47.628889; 11.322222	experimental station, valley-span antenna, demolished
	Gudinge, Sweden		60.524275°N 18.012192°E / 60.524275; 18.012192
	Ruda, Sweden		57.120331°N 16.153111°E / 57.120331; 16.153111
	Tving, Sweden		56.275050°N 15.487858°E / 56.275050; 15.487858
	RNAS Rattray, Crimond, UK		57.617467°N 1.887617°W / 57.617467; -1.887617
	RNAS Inskip (HMS Nightjar), Inskip, UK		53.830074°N 2.834262°W / 53.830074; -2.834262
FTA	Saint Assise, France		48.544910°N 2.576294°E / 48.544910; 2.576294
	La Regine, France		43.386781°N 2.097364°E / 43.386781; 2.097364
	Kerlouan, France		48.637736°N 4.350769°W / 48.637736; -4.350769
Lafayette Radio Station	Marcheprime, France		44.708611°N 0.813611°W / 44.708611; -0.813611	destroyed by retreating German troops in 1944
Basse-Lande transmitter	Brains, France		47.170749°N 1.694947°W / 47.170749; -1.694947	destroyed
Torreta de Guardamar	Guardamar, Spain		38.071871°N 0.664625°W / 38.071871; -0.664625
	Dimona, Israel		30.975696°N 35.098668°E / 30.975696; 35.098668
	Kato Souli, Greece		38.145186°N 24.019703°E / 38.145186; 24.019703
	Niscemi, Italy		37.125654°N 14.436325°E / 37.125654; 14.436325
	Mokpo, South Korea		34.682222°N 126.446944°E / 34.682222; 126.446944
	Datong, China	20.6 kHz	39.942959°N 113.247886°E / 39.942959; 113.247886
Yay Kuu Amplified Broadcast Station	Yangon, Myanmar		16.8658987°N 96.161132°E / 16.8658987; 96.161132	unknown

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