Limax

Limax is a genus of air-breathing land slugs in the terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk family Limacidae.

Limax cinereoniger

Limax
Limax maximus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Heterobranchia
clade Euthyneura
clade Panpulmonata
clade Eupulmonata
clade Stylommatophora
informal group Sigmurethra
clade limacoid clade
Superfamily:
Limacoidea
Family:
Limacidae
Subfamily:
Limacinae
Genus:
Limax

Species

at least 33, see text

Synonyms
  • Chromolimax Pini, 1877
  • Eulimax Moquin-Tandon, 1855
  • Gestroa Pini, 1877
  • Heynemannia Malm, 1868
  • Limacella Brard, 1815
  • Limax (Brachylimax) Falkner & Niederhöfer, 2008· accepted, alternate representation
  • Limax (Eulimax) Moquin-Tandon, 1855
  • † Limax (Heinemannia) Malm, 1868 (junior objective synonym; incorrect subsequent spelling)
  • Limax (Heynemannia) Malm, 1868 (junior objective synonym)
  • Limax (Limax) Linnaeus, 1758· accepted, alternate representation
  • Macroheynemannia Simroth, 1888
  • Opilolimax Pini, 1877
  • Prolimax Simroth, 1906
  • Stabilea Pini, 1877

The generic name Limax literally means "slug".

Limax dacampi

Some species, such as the leopard slug (L. maximus) and the tawny garden slug (Limacus flavus), are considered serious garden pests.[2]

The genus Limax sensu stricto is probably monophyletic.[3]

Distribution

This genus is native to Europe, but at least one species (L. maximus) has been introduced into North America.

Species

The genus Limax includes at least 33 species:[4]

  • Limax aeolianus Giusti, 1973
  • Limax albipes Dumont & Mortillet, 1853
  • Limax amaliae Bettoni, 1870
  • Limax bielzii Seibert, 1873
  • Limax brandstetteri Falkner, 2008[5]
  • Limax camerani Lessona & Pollonera, 1882
  • Limax canapicianus Pollonera, 1885
  • Limax cephalonicus Simroth, 1886
  • Limax ciminensis Pollonera, 1890
  • Limax cinereoniger Wolf, 1803 (syn. Limax alpinus Férussac, 1822)[6]
  • Limax conemenosi Böttger, 1882
  • Limax corsicus Moquin-Tandon, 1855
  • Limax dacampi Menegazzi, 1854
    • Limax dacampi dacampi Menegazzi, 1855
  • Limax dobrogicus Grossu & Lupu, 1960
  • Limax doriae Bourguignat, 1861
  • Limax engadinensis Heynemann, 1863
  • Limax erythrus Bourguignat, 1864
  • Limax gerhardti Niethammer, 1937
  • Limax giovannellae Falkner & Niederhöfer, 2008
  • Limax giustii Falkner & Nitz, 2010
  • Limax graciadeii Gerhardt, 1940
  • Limax graecus Simroth, 1889
  • Limax granosus Bérenguier, 1900
  • Limax hemmeni Rähle, 1983
  • Limax ianninii Giusti, 1973
  • Limax ilvensis Falkner & Nitz, 2010
  • Limax lachensis Bérenguier, 1900
  • Limax maximus Linnaeus, 1758 - great grey slug
  • Limax millipunctatus Pini, 1885
  • Limax monolineatus Bettoni, 1870
  • Limax monregalensis Lessona & Pollonera, 1882
  • Limax pironae Pini, 1876
  • Limax polipunctatus Pollonera, 1888
  • Limax punctulatus Sordelli, 1871
  • Limax redii Gerhardt, 1933
  • Limax samensis Heim & Nitz, 2009[6]
  • Limax squamosus Bérenguier, 1900
  • Limax strobeli Pini, 1876
  • Limax subalpinus Lessona, 1880
  • Limax tschapecki Simroth, 1886
  • Limax veronensis Lessona & Pollonera, 1882
  • Limax vizzavonensis Falkner & Nitz, 2010
  • Limax wohlberedti Simroth, 1900
  • Limax wolterstorffi Simroth, 1900
  • Limax zilchi Grossu & Lupu, 1960

Subgenus Limacus
Main article: Limacus

Synonyms
  • Limax marginatus Müller, 1774 is a synonym for Lehmannia marginata (Müller, 1774)
  • Limax nyctelius Bourguignat, 1861 is a synonym for Lehmannia nyctelia (Bourguignat, 1861)
  • Limax valentianus Férussac, 1822 is a synonym for Lehmannia valentiana (Férussac, 1822)

References
  1. Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. pp. [1-4], 1-824. Holmiae. (Salvius).
  2. Ebeling. W. Chapter 12: Miscellaneous Pests. Archived 2013-06-06 at the Wayback Machine Urban Entomology. Department of Entomology. UC Riverside. 2002.
  3. Klee, B. 2006 Towards a phylogeny of Limax (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Archived 2008-11-21 at the Wayback Machine The Malacologist. Molluscan Forum 2006.
  4. Species in genus Limax. AnimalBase. Accessed 5 May 2009.
  5. Falkner, G. (2008). Limax (Limax) brandstetteri n. sp. – ein neuer Hochgebirgsschnegel aus den Abruzzen (Gastropoda: Limacidae). Limax (Limax) brandstetteri n. sp. – a new high mountain slug from the Abruzzi Mountains (Gastropoda: Limacidae). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie. 1: 133-142.
  6. Nitz, B., et al. (2009). Towards a new standard in slug species descriptions: the case of Limax sarnensis Heim & Nitz n. sp. (Pulmonata: Limacidae) from the Western Central Alps. Journal of Molluscan Studies 75(3): 279-294. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyp030.
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