Kynal
Kynal was a brand name for a series of aluminium alloys produced by ICI.[1] The name was derived from Kynoch, an existing ICI trademark for ammunition, and aluminium.
| Al | Cu | Mg | Si | Mn | Ni | Zn | Others | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | |||||||||
| Kynal P5 | ≥99.5 | Pure aluminium [2] | |||||||
| Kynal P10 | ≥99 | ||||||||
| Aluminium-silicon alloys | |||||||||
| Kynal PA15 | 12 | Brazing wire [3][4] | |||||||
| Kynal PA16 | 5 | ||||||||
| Kynal PA17 | 5 | ||||||||
| Aluminium-manganese alloys | |||||||||
| Kynal PA19 | 1.25 | [5] | |||||||
| Aluminium-magnesium alloys | |||||||||
| Kynal M35/1 | 2 | [6] | |||||||
| Kynal M35/2 | 3 | ||||||||
| Kynal M36 | 5 | ||||||||
| Kynal M37 | 7 | ||||||||
| Aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloys | |||||||||
| Kynal M39/1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | [7] | ||||||
| Kynal M39/2 | 0.7 | 1 | |||||||
| Aluminium-copper alloys | |||||||||
| Kynal 90 | 2.2 | 0.3 | [8] | ||||||
| Kynal C65 | 4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | [8] | |||||
| Kynal C66 | 4.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | |||||
| Kynal C67 | 4.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | |||||
| Kynal C69 | 1 | 1 | [7] | ||||||
| Nickel-aluminium alloys | |||||||||
| Kynal Y88 | 2.6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.1% Ti | [8] | |||
| Kynal Y92 | 4 | 1.5 | 2 | ||||||
| Aluminium-zinc alloys | |||||||||
| Kynal Z93 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 5.3 | [9] | |||||
| Kynal-Core C65A | Pure aluminium-clad forms of the corresponding alloys [10] | ||||||||
| Kynal-Core C66A | |||||||||
| Kynal-Core C67A | |||||||||
| Kynal-Core C68A | |||||||||
| Kynal-Core Z93A | |||||||||
Waunarlwydd plant
Kynal was produced at the Ministry of Aircraft Production's factory at Waunarlwydd,[11] near Swansea, from the pre-war period of rearming at the time of the Munich crisis.[12] ICI built and operated the plant on the government's behalf.[13][14] Post-war the alloys remained in use throughout British engineering in the 1950s and 1960s. They were used extensively for British Railways' modernisation of the 1950s, and the construction of the new diesel fleet,[15] particularly the 'lightweight' DMUs.[16]
The Waunarlwydd plant, by then owned by Alcoa, was closed in the 2000s.[17][18]
See also
- Kycube, a similarly-named series of copper beryllium alloys produced by IMI
References
- "ICI Metals Division". Grace's Guide.
- Metallic Materials Specification, p. 9.
- Metallic Materials Specification, p. 17.
- 'Kynal' Solders and 'Kynal' Flux for Soldering Aluminium. ICI. 1953.
- Metallic Materials Specification, p. 12.
- Metallic Materials Specification, p. 26.
- Metallic Materials Specification, p. 34.
- Metallic Materials Specification, p. 41.
- Metallic Materials Specification, p. 47.
- Metallic Materials Specification, p. 50.
- 51.644727°N 4.021163°W
- "ICI Advertisement". Flight. 9 June 1938. p. 14.
- "ICI Metal Works; Alcoa Aluminium Factory, Waunarlwydd, Gowerton". Coflein.
- "The British Light-alloy Industry". Flight. 10 June 1955. pp. 808–811.
- Carter, R.S. (1963). "North British Locomotive Co. diesel-hydraulic B-B Type 2 (BR Class 22)". British Railways Main-Line Diesels. Ian Allan. pp. 28–29.
- "Going Ahead with 'Kynal'". Grace's Guide.
- "Jobs cut at metal plant". BBC News Online. 21 January 2003.
- "298 jobs to go as factory shuts". BBC News Online. 21 November 2006.
- Ross, R.B. (2013). Metallic Materials Specification Handbook (4 ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781461534822.
- Frick, John P., ed. (2000). Woldman's Engineering Alloys. Materials data series. ASM International. pp. 667–668. ISBN 9780871706911.
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