Kumasi virus
Kumasi virus (KV), officially known as Ghanaian bat henipavirus, was detected in a zoological garden in Kumasi, Ghana in February 2008. Guano samples from a colony of an estimated 400,000 bats of the species Eidelon helvum were collected and screened for viral RNA. While 3 RNA genomes were obtained: BatPV/Eid.hel/GH10/2008; BatPV; Eid.hel/GH45/2008; and BatPV/Eid.hel/GH48/2008, only isolate BatPV/Eid.hel/GH10/2008 contained enough RNA to reliably quantified. BatPV/Eid.hel/GH10/2008 showed the highest sequence parsimony to established Nipah and Hendra henipavirus genomes. Infectious particles could not be isolated in cell culture; no cytopathic effects were observed and no viral RNA could be obtained.[1]
| Kumasi virus | |
|---|---|
Virus classification  | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Negarnaviricota |
| Class: | Monjiviricetes |
| Order: | Mononegavirales |
| Family: | Paramyxoviridae |
| Genus: | Henipavirus |
| Species: | Ghanian bat henipavirus |
| Synonyms | |
|
Kumasi virus (KV) BatPV/Eid.hel/GH10/2008 | |
KV would be the first known Henipavirus detected outside of the Austroasiatic geographic province that other known Henipaviruses are known to circulate.[1] Serological evidence has previously suggested that Henipaviruses likely have a much wider geographic range beyond areas of endemic Nipah and Hendra infection,[2] namely that undetected henipavirus infections may be common in South America and continental Africa.[3]
Compared to other Henipaviruses, KV exhibits reduced surface expression of the attachment glycoprotein (KV-G). It is likely that KV-G expression is delayed in the endoplasmic reticulum and is not exported as readily to the cell surface due to defects in higher-order oligomerization. This may lead to reduced pathogenicity.[4]
References
- Drexler, Jan Felix; Corman, Victor Max; Gloza-Rausch, Florian; Seebens, Antje; Annan, Augustina; Ipsen, Anne; Kruppa, Thomas; Müller, Marcel A.; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw; Oppong, Samuel (2009-07-28). "Henipavirus RNA in African Bats". PLoS ONE. 4 (7). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006367. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2712088. PMID 19636378.
- Drexler, Jan Felix; Corman, Victor Max; Müller, Marcel Alexander; Maganga, Gael Darren; Vallo, Peter; Binger, Tabea; Gloza-Rausch, Florian; Cottontail, Veronika M.; Rasche, Andrea; Yordanov, Stoian; Seebens, Antje (2012-04-24). "Bats host major mammalian paramyxoviruses". Nature Communications. 3 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1038/ncomms1796. ISSN 2041-1723.
- de Araujo, Jansen; Lo, Michael K.; Tamin, Azaibi; Ometto, Tatiana L.; Thomazelli, Luciano M.; Nardi, Marcello S.; Hurtado, Renata F.; Nava, Alessandra; Spiropoulou, Christina F.; Rota, Paul A.; Durigon, Edison L. (2017). "Antibodies Against Henipa-Like Viruses in Brazilian Bats". Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. 17 (4): 271–274. doi:10.1089/vbz.2016.2051. ISSN 1530-3667.
- Behner, Laura; Zimmermann, Louisa; Ringel, Marc; Weis, Michael; Maisner, Andrea (2018-05-01). "Formation of high-order oligomers is required for functional bioactivity of an African bat henipavirus surface glycoprotein". Veterinary Microbiology. 218: 90–97. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.03.031. ISSN 0378-1135.