Kepler-19c

Kepler-19c is an extra-solar planet orbiting the star Kepler-19 approximately 717 light years from Earth.[3]

Kepler-19c
Discovery
Discovered bySarah Ballard et al.[1]
Discovery date2011[1]
Transit timing variation
Orbital characteristics
28.731+0.012
−0.005 d[2]
Physical characteristics
Mass13.1±2.7 Earth masses[2]

    Discovery

    The planet was discovered as a result of examinations of data from the previously discovered exoplanet, Kepler-19b. Timing variations in the orbital period of the first planet necessitated gravitational forces to be acting upon the planet, resulting from an additional body in the vicinity, acting to cause a variation of transition of five minutes per orbit.[1][4] The lead author of the paper announcing the discovery was Sarah Ballard.[5]

    See also
    • List of extrasolar planet firsts

    References
    1. Ballard, Sarah; et al. (2011). "The Kepler-19 System: A Transiting 2.2R ⊕ Planet and a Second Planet Detected Via Transit Timing Variations". The Astrophysical Journal. 743 (2). 200. arXiv:1109.1561. Bibcode:2011ApJ...743..200B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/200.
    2. Malavolta, Luca; et al. (2017). "The Kepler-19 System: A Thick-envelope Super-Earth with Two Neptune-mass Companions Characterized Using Radial Velocities and Transit Timing Variations". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (5). 224. arXiv:1703.06885. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..224M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6897.
    3. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia Data Release 2 catalog entry
    4. Ames Research retrieved 12:32 13.10.11
    5. Mike Wall (September 8, 2011), Stealth Alien Planet Discovered By New Technique, Space.com
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