James Daly (mutineer)

Private Daly, a native of Tyrrellspass, County Westmeath, joined the Connaught Rangers in April 1919 and was posted to India. [1]

The revolt originated on 27-28 June 1920 at Wellington Barracks, Jullundur (now Jalandhar), Punjab near the border with modern-day Pakistan, where Daly's brother, William Daly, was involved. It was then spread 200 miles away to other Connaught Rangers companies, at Jutogh (where it failed) and at Solan, where, led by a WWI veteran, Joseph Hawes from Kilrush, County Clare, James Daly and roughly 150 others "ground arms" and refused to return to duty in protest of the activities of the British military in Ireland.[1][2][3][4]

They proclaimed their hut "Liberty Hall", raised the Irish tricolour above the hut and then attacked the armory but were captured. The mutiny ended and prisoners taken to Lucknow Prison, when they returned to their native country. 19 mutineers were sentenced to death, 59 were sentenced to life imprisonment and 10 were acquitted. All these sentences were commuted (except for Daly) but those convicted were stripped of their pensions and remained in military prison until being released in 1923. Some were in desperate financial straits until the passage by the Irish government of the Connaught Rangers (Pensions) B-5086 Act of 1936.[3][2]

Two Irish mutineers, privates Patrick Smyth (or Smythe) and Peter Sears, were killed during the mutiny. Private John Miranda, an English mutineer and native of Liverpool, died later of enteric fever at Dagshai military prison.

Unlike other leading mutineers such as Hawes and William Coman -- who played as large or even larger a role than Daly, at least at the outset, but whose sentences were commuted -- James Daly was executed by firing squad for his leading role in the incident following a court martial on 2 November 1920. He was the last member of the British armed forces to be shot for mutiny.[2][5]

In 1970, on the 50th anniversary of the mutiny his body was sent back to Ireland. Joseph Hawes was present at Daly's commemoration.[6]

Daly is remembered in a traditional Irish song known as Lay Him Away on the Hillside,[7] the chorus of which includes the lines:

Lay him away on the hillside,

Along with the brave and the bold

Inscribe his name on the scroll of fame

In letters of purest gold

"My conscience shall never convict me"

He said with his last dying breath

"May God speed the causes of freedom ... For which I am sentenced to death."

• Behan, Brendan. Confessions of an Irish Rebel. Arrow. ISBN 978-0099365006.

• Cenotaph for James Daley at Find a Grave