James Clark (programmer)

James Clark (born ) is the author of groff and expat, and has done much work with open-source software and XML.

James Clark
Born (1964-02-23) 23 February 1964
London, England
Alma materCharterhouse
Merton College, Oxford
Known forXML
AwardsIn , awarded the first XML Cup
Scientific career
FieldsXML, Open source
InstitutionsThai Open Source Software Center
SIPA (Software Industry Promotion Agency, Ministry of Information and Communication Technology)
WSO2

Born in London and educated at Charterhouse and Merton College, Oxford, Clark has lived in Bangkok, Thailand since , and is now a permanent resident. He owns a company called Thai Open Source Software Center, which provides him a legal framework for his open-source activities.

For the GNU project, he wrote groff, as well as an XML editing mode for GNU Emacs.

James Clark served as Technical Lead of the Working Group that developed XML—notably contributing the self-closing, empty-element tag syntax (for example: "<tagname/>"), and the name XML.[1] His contributions to XML are cited in dozens of books on the subject.

James is the author or co-author of a number of influential specifications and implementations, including:

DSSSL
An SGML transformation and styling language.
Expat
An open-source XML parser.
XSLT
XSL Transformations, a part of the XSL family. He was the editor of the XSLT 1.0 specification.
XPath
Path language for addressing XML documents; used by XSLT but also as a free-standing language. He was the editor of the XPath 1.0 specification.
TREX
Tree Regular Expressions for XML (TREX) is a schema language for XML.[2] TREX has been merged with RELAX to create RELAX NG.[2][3]
RELAX NG
An XML Schema language, with both an explicit XML syntax and a compact syntax. Clark was highly critical of the W3C Schema language (now known as XSD)[4] and developed RELAX NG in response
Jing
An implementation of RELAX NG.
Clark Notation
A way to express an XML Name in a compact way[5]

He is listed as part of the Working Group that developed the Java Streaming API for XML (StAX) JSR 173 at the JCP.

Work at SIPA

From until late , Clark worked for Thailand's Software Industry Promotion Agency (SIPA), to promote open source technologies and open standards in the country. This work included pushing the Thai localization of OpenOffice.org office suite and the Mozilla Firefox Web browser, along with other open source software packages.

Other projects at SIPA include:

  • Chantra: An open source Thai project with programs for Windows. Like the OpenCD project.
  • Suriyan GNU/Linux: An extremely user-friendly "instant server" system for small and medium-sized companies (not to be confused with SIPA's new, unrelated project with a similar name, Suriyan Linux Live CD).

References
  1. "The History of XML". Total XML. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2009.
  2. Jones, Christopher A.; Drake, Fred L.; Jr, Fred L. Drake (2002). Python and XML. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". p. 21. ISBN 9780596001285. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  3. Cover, Robin. "Tree Regular Expressions for XML (TREX)". xml.coverpages.org. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  4. "Schema Wars: XML Schema vs. RELAX NG". Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  5. Clark, James. "XML Namespaces". James Clark's Home Page. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
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