High jump

The high jump is a track and field event in which competitors must jump unaided over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without dislodging it. In its modern most practiced format, a bar is placed between two standards with a crash mat for landing. In the modern era, athletes run towards the bar and use the Fosbury Flop method of jumping, leaping head first with their back to the bar. Since ancient times, competitors have introduced increasingly effective techniques to arrive at the current form.

Athletics
High jump
Canadian high jumper Nicole Forrester demonstrating the Fosbury flop
World records
Men Javier Sotomayor 2.45 m (8 ft 14 in) (1993)
Women Stefka Kostadinova 2.09 m (6 ft 10 14 in) (1987)
Olympic records
Men Charles Austin 2.39 m (7 ft 10 in) (1996)
Women Yelena Slesarenko 2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) (2004)
Championship records
Men Bohdan Bondarenko 2.41 m (7 ft 10 34 in) (2013)
Women Stefka Kostadinova 2.09 m (6 ft 10 14 in) (1987)

The discipline is, alongside the pole vault, one of two vertical clearance events to feature on the Olympic athletics programme. It is contested at the World Championships in Athletics and IAAF World Indoor Championships, and is a common occurrence at track and field meetings. The high jump was among the first events deemed acceptable for women, having been held at the 1928 Olympic Games.

Javier Sotomayor (Cuba) is the current men's record holder with a jump of 2.45 m (8 ft 14 in) set in 1993 – the longest standing record in the history of the men's high jump. Stefka Kostadinova (Bulgaria) has held the women's world record at 2.09 m (6 ft 10 14 in) since 1987, also the longest-held record in the event.

Rules

Yelena Slesarenko hitting the bar while using the Fosbury Flop technique

The rules for the high jump are set internationally by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). Jumpers must take off on one foot. A jump is considered a failure if the bar is dislodged by the action of the jumper whilst jumping or the jumper touches the ground or breaks the plane of the near edge of the bar before clearance. The technique one uses for the jump must be almost flawless in order to have a chance of clearing a high bar.

Competitors may begin jumping at any height announced by the chief judge, or may pass, at their own discretion. Most competitions state that three consecutive missed jumps, at any height or combination of heights, will eliminate the jumper from competition.

The victory goes to the jumper who clears the greatest height during the final. Tie-breakers are used for any place in which scoring occurs. If two or more jumpers tie for one of these places, the tie-breakers are: 1) the fewest misses at the height at which the tie occurred; and 2) the fewest misses throughout the competition.

If the event remains tied for first place (or a limited advancement position to a subsequent meet), the jumpers have a jump-off, beginning at the next greater height. Each jumper has one attempt. The bar is then alternately lowered and raised until only one jumper succeeds at a given height.[1]

History

Konstantinos Tsiklitiras during the standing high jump competition at the 1912 Summer Olympics

The first recorded high jump event took place in Scotland in the 19th century. Early jumpers used either an elaborate straight-on approach or a scissors technique. In later years, soon then after, the bar was approached diagonally, and the jumper threw first the inside leg and then the other over the bar in a scissoring motion. Around the turn of the 20th century, techniques began to change, beginning with the Irish-American Michael Sweeney's Eastern cut-off. By taking off like the scissors and extending his spine and flattening out over the bar, Sweeney raised the world record to 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) in 1895.

Another American, George Horine, developed an even more efficient technique, the Western roll. In this style, the bar again is approached on a diagonal, but the inner leg is used for the take-off, while the outer leg is thrust up to lead the body sideways over the bar. Horine increased the world standard to 2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) in 1912. His technique was predominant through the Berlin Olympics of 1936, in which the event was won by Cornelius Johnson at 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in).

American and Soviet jumpers were the most successful for the next four decades, and they pioneered the evolution of the straddle technique. Straddle jumpers took off as in the Western roll, but rotated their (belly-down) torso around the bar, obtaining the most efficient and highest clearance (of the bar) up to that time. Straddle-jumper, Charles Dumas, was the first to clear 7 feet (2.13 m), in 1956, American John Thomas pushed the world mark to 2.23 m (7 ft 3 34 in) in 1960. Valeriy Brumel took over the event for the next four years. The elegant Soviet jumper radically sped up his approach run, took the record up to 2.28 m (7 ft 5 34 in), and won the Olympic gold medal in 1964, before a motorcycle accident ended his career.

Gold medal winner Ethel Catherwood of Canada scissors over the bar at the 1928 Summer Olympics. Her winning result was 1.59 m (5 ft 2 12 in).
Platt Adams during the standing high jump competition at the 1912 Summer Olympics

American coaches, including two-time NCAA champion Frank Costello of the University of Maryland, flocked to Russia to learn from Brumel and his coaches. However, it would be a solitary innovator at Oregon State University, Dick Fosbury, who would bring the high jump into the next century. Taking advantage of the raised, softer landing areas by then in use, Fosbury added a new twist to the outmoded Eastern Cut-off. He directed himself over the bar head and shoulders first, sliding over on his back and landing in a fashion which would likely have broken his neck in the old, sawdust landing pits. After he used this Fosbury flop to win the 1968 Olympic gold medal, the technique began to spread around the world, and soon floppers were dominating international high jump competitions. The last straddler to set a world record was Vladimir Yashchenko, who cleared 2.33 m (7 ft 7 12 in) in 1977 and then 2.35 m (7 ft 8 12 in) indoors in 1978.

Among renowned high jumpers following Fosbury's lead were Americans Dwight Stones and his rival, 1.73 metres (5 ft 8 in) tall Franklin Jacobs of Paterson, NJ, who cleared 2.32 m (7 ft 7 14 in), 0.59 metres (1 ft 11 in) over his head (a feat equalled 27 years later by Sweden's Stefan Holm); Chinese record-setters Ni-chi Chin and Zhu Jianhua; Germans Gerd Wessig and Dietmar Mögenburg; Swedish Olympic medalist and former world record holder Patrik Sjöberg; and female jumpers Iolanda Balaş of Romania, Ulrike Meyfarth of Germany and Italy's Sara Simeoni.

Technical aspects

Step by step

The most important aspect to put of all pieces of the jump together is the body mechanics the jumper uses to jump. Technique and form has evolved greatly over the history of high jump. The popularity of a style depend upon the time period as listed here:

Beginnings (1790 - 1875) --> two legged lift over bar / Basic Scissors (1875 - 1892) --> standing jump and straight run-up / Eastern Cut-off scissors (1892 - 1912) --> scissors with rotation / Western Roll (1912 - 1930) --> early straddle technique / Straddle (1930 - 1960) --> basic straddle technique / Dive Straddle (1960 - 1978) --> advanced straddle technique / Fosbury Flop (1968 - current) --> the currently most common technique used /

The Fosbury Flop is currently deemed as the most efficient way for competitors of the event to propel themselves over the bar. Still depending on the individual athletes specific strengths and weaknesses there are variations on the separate pieces that make up the jump.

Approach

For a Fosbury flop depending on the athletes jump foot they will start on the right of left of the mat. Placing their jump foot furthest away from the high jump mat. The athlete will have an eight to ten step approach in total, the last five steps being a curve with three or five steps before on a straight. The athlete will want to mark their approach to attempt to find as much consistency as possible.

The approach run of the high jump may actually be more important than the take-off. If a high jumper runs with bad timing or without enough aggression, clearing a high bar becomes more of a challenge. The approach requires a certain shape or curve, the right amount of speed, and the correct number of strides. The approach angle is also critical for optimal height.

The straight run will build the momentum and set the tone for the athletes jump. The athlete will start by pushing off with the take off foot with slow powerful steps then begin to quicken and accelerate them. The athlete should be tall and running up right by the end of their three or five steps.

On the first step of the curve the athletes take off foot will be landing, they will want to continue accelerating and curving focusing the body towards the opposite back corner of the high jump mat. While staying tall, erect, and leaning away from the mat the athlete should make sure that their final two steps are flat footed, rolling from the heel to toe as well as being the quickest steps.

Most great straddle jumpers have a run at angles of about 30 to 40 degrees. The length of the run is determined by the speed of the person's approach. A slower run requires about 8 strides. However, a faster high jumper might need about 13 strides. A greater run speed allows a greater part of the body's forward momentum to be converted upward.[2]

The J type approach, favored by Fosbury floppers, allows for horizontal speed, the ability to turn in the air (centripetal force), and good take-off position. This allows for horizontal momentum to turn into vertical momentum, propelling the jumper off the ground and over the bar. The approach should be a hard controlled stride so that a person does not fall from creating an angle with speed. Athletes should run tall and lean on the curve, from the ankles and not the hips. This allows the correct angle to force their hips to rotate during take-off, which allows their center of gravity to pass under the bar.[3]

Take-off

The take off can have slight variations depending on what feels most natural to the athlete. The double arm take off and the single arm take off. With most things in common, for both the athlete should make sure not to take off at the center of the bar. The plant foot should be the foot furthest away from the bar, angled towards the opposite back corner of the matt, and driving the non take off leg knee up. Keeping in mind this is a vertical jump pushing all force straight up. This will be accompanied with a one or two arm swing while driving the knee.

Unlike the classic straddle technique, where the take-off foot is "planted" in the same spot at every height, flop-style jumpers must adjust their take-off as the bar is raised. Their approach run must be adjusted slightly so that their take-off spot is slightly further out from the bar in order to allow their hips to clear the bar while still maintaining enough momentum to carry their legs across the bar. Jumpers attempting to reach record heights commonly fail when most of their energy is directed into the vertical effort, and they brush the bar off the standards with the backs of their legs as they stall out in mid-air.

An effective approach shape can be derived from physics. For example, the rate of backward spin required as the jumper crosses the bar to facilitate shoulder clearance on the way up and foot clearance on the way down can be determined by computer simulation. This rotation rate can be back-calculated to determine the required angle of lean away from the bar at plant, based on how long the jumper is on the take-off foot. This information, together with the jumper's speed in the curve, can be used to calculate the radius of the curved part of the approach. This is a lot of work and requires measurements of running speed and time of take-off foot on the ground. However, one can work in the opposite direction by assuming an approach radius and watching the resulting backward rotation. This only works if some basic rules are followed in how one executes the approach and take-off.

Drills can be practiced to solidify the approach. One drill is to run in a straight line (the linear part of the approach) and then run two to three circles spiraling into one another. Another is to run or skip a circle of any size, two to three times in a row.[4] It is important to train to leap upwards without first leaning into the bar, allowing the momentum of the J approach to carry the body across the bar.

Flight

The athlete's non take off leg knee will naturally turn their body placing them in the air with their back to the bar. The athlete will then drive their shoulders to the back of their feet arching their body over the bar. The athlete can look over their right should then judge appropriately when to kick both feet over their head causing their body to miss the bar and land on the mat. [5][6]

Spanish jumper Ruth Beitia approaching the bar from an angle

Training

In high jump, it helps if the athlete is tall, has long legs, and limited weight on their body. They must have a strong lower body and flexibility will help a lot as well. High jumpers tend to go through very vigorous training methods to achieve this ideal body frame.

Sprinting

High jumpers must have a fast approach so it is crucial to work on speed and also speed endurance. Lots of high jump competitions may take hours and athletes must make sure they have the endurance to last the entire competition. Common sprint endurance workouts for high jumpers include 200-, 400-, and 800-meter training. Other speed endurance training methods such as hill training or a ladder workout may also be used.

Weight lifting

It is crucial for high jumpers to have strong lower bodies and cores, as the bar progressively gets higher, the strength of an athlete's legs (along with speed and technique) will help propel them over the bar. Squats, deadlifts, and core exercises will help a high jumper to achieve these goals. It is important, however, for a high jumper to keep a slim figure as any unnecessary weight makes it difficult to jump higher.

Plyometrics

Arguably the most important training for a high jumper is plyometric training. Because high jump is such a technical event, any mistake in the technique could either lead to failure, injury, or both. To prevent these from happening, high jumpers tend to focus heavily on plyometrics. This includes hurdle jumps, flexibility training, skips, or scissor kick training. Plyometric workouts tend to be performed at the beginning of the workout. [7][8]

All-time top 25 high jumpers

Men (absolute)

Rank Mark Athlete Date Place Ref
1 2.45 m (8 ft 14 in) Javier Sotomayor (CUB)27 July 1993Salamanca
2 2.43 m (7 ft 11 12 in)  Mutaz Essa Barshim (QAT) 5 September 2014 Brussels [13]
3 2.42 m (7 ft 11 14 in) Patrik Sjöberg (SWE)30 June 1987Stockholm
 Carlo Thränhardt (FRG)26 February 1988Berlin (indoor)
 Ivan Ukhov (RUS) 25 February 2014 Prague (indoor) [14]
 Bohdan Bondarenko (UKR) 14 June 2014 New York City [15]
7 2.41 m (7 ft 10 34 in) Igor Paklin (URS)4 September 1985Kobe
8 2.40 m (7 ft 10 14 in)  Rudolf Povarnitsyn (URS)11 August 1985Donetsk
 Sorin Matei (ROM)20 June 1990Bratislava
 Hollis Conway (USA)10 March 1991Seville (indoor)
 Charles Austin (USA)7 August 1991Zürich
 Vyacheslav Voronin (RUS)5 August 2000London
 Stefan Holm (SWE)6 March 2005Madrid (indoor)
 Aleksey Dmitrik (RUS)8 February 2014Arnstadt (indoor)
 Derek Drouin (CAN) [16]25 April 2014Des Moines
 Andriy Protsenko (UKR) 3 July 2014 Lausanne [17]
 Danil Lysenko (ANA) 20 July 2018 Fontvieille [18]
18 2.39 m (7 ft 10 in)  Zhu Jianhua (CHN)10 June 1984Eberstadt
 Dietmar Mögenburg (FRG)24 February 1985Cologne (indoor)
 Ralf Sonn (GER)1 March 1991Berlin (indoor)
 Gianmarco Tamberi (ITA) 15 July 2016 Fontvieille [19]
22 2.38 m (7 ft 9 12 in)  Hennadiy Avdyeyenko (URS)6 September 1987Rome
 Sergey Malchenko (URS)4 September 1988Banska Bystrica
 Dragutin Topić (SCG)1 August 1993Beograd
 Steve Smith (GBR)4 February 1994Wuppertal (indoor)
 Wolf-Hendrik Beyer (GER)10 March 1994Weinheim (indoor)
 Troy Kemp (BAH)12 July 1995Nice
 Artur Partyka (POL)18 August 1996Eberstadt
 Matt Hemingway (USA)4 March 2000Atlanta (indoor)
 Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)15 February 2005Stockholm (indoor)
 Jacques Freitag (RSA)5 March 2005Oudtshoorn
 Andriy Sokolovskyy (UKR)8 July 2005Rome
 Andrey Silnov (RUS)25 July 2005London
 Linus Thörnblad (SWE)25 February 2007Gothenburg (indoor)
 Zhang Guowei (CHN)30 May 2015Eugene

Notes

Below is a list of all other jumps equal or superior to 2.40 m:

Women (absolute)

Rank Mark Athlete Date Venue Ref
1 2.09 m (6 ft 10 14 in) Stefka Kostadinova (BUL) 30 August 1987 Rome
2 2.08 m (6 ft 9 34 in)  Kajsa Bergqvist (SWE) 6 February 2006 Arnstadt (indoor)
 Blanka Vlasic (CRO) 31 August 2009 Zagreb
4 2.07 m (6 ft 9 14 in)  Lyudmila Andonova (BUL) 20 July 1984 Berlin
 Heike Henkel (GER) 8 February 1992 Karlsruhe (indoor)
 Anna Chicherova (RUS) 22 July 2011 Cheboksary
7 2.06 m (6 ft 9 in)  Hestrie Cloete (RSA) 31 August 2003 Paris
 Yelena Slesarenko (RUS) 28 August 2004 Athens
 Ariane Friedrich (GER) 14 June 2009 Berlin
 Mariya Lasitskene (ANA) 6 July 2017 Lausanne [20]
20 June 2019 Ostrava [21]
11 2.05 m (6 ft 8 12 in)  Tamara Bykova (URS) 22 June 1984 Kiev
 Inha Babakova (UKR) 15 September 1995 Tokyo
 Tia Hellebaut (BEL) 23 August 2008 Beijing
 Chaunté Lowe (USA) 26 June 2010 Des Moines
15 2.04 m (6 ft 8 14 in)  Silvia Costa (CUB) 9 September 1989 Barcelona
 Alina Astafei (GER) 3 March 1995 Berlin (indoor)
 Venelina Veneva-Mateeva (BUL) 2 June 2002 Kalamata
 Antonietta Di Martino (ITA) 9 February 2011 Banská Bystrica (indoor)
 Irina Gordeeva (RUS) 19 August 2012 Eberstadt
 Brigetta Barrett (USA) 22 June 2013 Des Moines
 Yaroslava Mahuchikh (UKR) 30 September 2019 Doha [22]
22 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in)  Ulrike Meyfarth (FRG) 21 August 1983 London
 Louise Ritter (USA) 8 July 1988 Austin
 Tatyana Motkova (RUS) 30 May 1995 Bratislava
 Niki Bakoyianni (GRE) 3 August 1996 Atlanta
 Monica Iagar (ROU) 23 January 1999 Bucharest (indoor)
 Marina Kuptsova (RUS) 2 March 2002 Vienna (indoor)
 Svetlana Shkolina (RUS) 11 August 2012 London

Notes

Below is a list of all other jumps equal or superior to 2.05 m:

Olympic medalists

Men

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1896 Athens
Ellery Harding Clark
 United States
James Connolly
 United States
none awarded
Robert Garrett
 United States
1900 Paris
Irving Baxter
 United States
Patrick Leahy
 Great Britain
Lajos Gönczy
 Hungary
1904 St. Louis
Samuel Jones
 United States
Garrett Serviss
 United States
Paul Weinstein
 Germany
1908 London
Harry Porter
 United States
Géo André
 France
none awarded
Con Leahy
 Great Britain
István Somodi
 Hungary
1912 Stockholm
Alma Richards
 United States
Hans Liesche
 Germany
George Horine
 United States
1920 Antwerp
Richmond Landon
 United States
Harold Muller
 United States
Bo Ekelund
 Sweden
1924 Paris
Harold Osborn
 United States
Leroy Brown
 United States
Pierre Lewden
 France
1928 Amsterdam
Bob King
 United States
Benjamin Hedges
 United States
Claude Ménard
 France
1932 Los Angeles
Duncan McNaughton
 Canada
Bob Van Osdel
 United States
Simeon Toribio
 Philippines
1936 Berlin
Cornelius Johnson
 United States
Dave Albritton
 United States
Delos Thurber
 United States
1948 London
John Winter
 Australia
Bjørn Paulson
 Norway
George Stanich
 United States
1952 Helsinki
Walt Davis
 United States
Ken Wiesner
 United States
José da Conceição
 Brazil
1956 Melbourne
Charles Dumas
 United States
Chilla Porter
 Australia
Igor Kashkarov
 Soviet Union
1960 Rome
Robert Shavlakadze
 Soviet Union
Valeriy Brumel
 Soviet Union
John Thomas
 United States
1964 Tokyo
Valeriy Brumel
 Soviet Union
John Thomas
 United States
John Rambo
 United States
1968 Mexico City
Dick Fosbury
 United States
Ed Caruthers
 United States
Valentin Gavrilov
 Soviet Union
1972 Munich
Jüri Tarmak
 Soviet Union
Stefan Junge
 East Germany
Dwight Stones
 United States
1976 Montreal
Jacek Wszoła
 Poland
Greg Joy
 Canada
Dwight Stones
 United States
1980 Moscow
Gerd Wessig
 East Germany
Jacek Wszoła
 Poland
Jörg Freimuth
 East Germany
1984 Los Angeles
Dietmar Mögenburg
 West Germany
Patrik Sjöberg
 Sweden
Zhu Jianhua
 China
1988 Seoul
Hennadiy Avdyeyenko
 Soviet Union
Hollis Conway
 United States
Rudolf Povarnitsyn
 Soviet Union
Patrik Sjöberg
 Sweden
1992 Barcelona
Javier Sotomayor
 Cuba
Patrik Sjöberg
 Sweden
Hollis Conway
 United States
Tim Forsyth
 Australia
Artur Partyka
 Poland
1996 Atlanta
Charles Austin
 United States
Artur Partyka
 Poland
Steve Smith
 Great Britain
2000 Sydney
Sergey Klyugin
 Russia
Javier Sotomayor
 Cuba
Abderahmane Hammad
 Algeria
2004 Athens
Stefan Holm
 Sweden
Matt Hemingway
 United States
Jaroslav Bába
 Czech Republic
2008 Beijing
Andrey Silnov
 Russia
Germaine Mason
 Great Britain
Yaroslav Rybakov
 Russia
2012 London
Not awarded Erik Kynard
 United States
Mutaz Essa Barshim
 Qatar
Derek Drouin
 Canada
Robert Grabarz
 Great Britain
2016 Rio de Janeiro
Derek Drouin
 Canada
Mutaz Essa Barshim
 Qatar
Bohdan Bondarenko
 Ukraine

Women

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1928 Amsterdam
Ethel Catherwood
 Canada
Lien Gisolf
 Netherlands
Mildred Wiley
 United States
1932 Los Angeles
Jean Shiley
 United States
Babe Didrikson
 United States
Eva Dawes
 Canada
1936 Berlin
Ibolya Csák
 Hungary
Dorothy Odam
 Great Britain
Elfriede Kaun
 Germany
1948 London
Alice Coachman
 United States
Dorothy Tyler
 Great Britain
Micheline Ostermeyer
 France
1952 Helsinki
Esther Brand
 South Africa
Sheile Lerwill
 Great Britain
Aleksandra Chudina
 Soviet Union
1956 Melbourne
Mildred McDaniel
 United States
Thelma Hopkins
 Great Britain
none awarded
Mariya Pisareva
 Soviet Union
1960 Rome
Iolanda Balaș
 Romania
Jarosława Jóźwiakowska
 Poland
none awarded
Dorothy Shirley
 Great Britain
1964 Tokyo
Iolanda Balaș
 Romania
Michele Brown
 Australia
Taisia Chenchik
 Soviet Union
1968 Mexico City
Miloslava Rezková
 Czechoslovakia
Antonina Okorokova
 Soviet Union
Valentina Kozyr
 Soviet Union
1972 Munich
Ulrike Meyfarth
 West Germany
Yordanka Blagoeva
 Bulgaria
Ilona Gusenbauer
 Austria
1976 Montreal
Rosemarie Ackermann
 East Germany
Sara Simeoni
 Italy
Yordanka Blagoeva
 Bulgaria
1980 Moscow
Sara Simeoni
 Italy
Urszula Kielan
 Poland
Jutta Kirst
 East Germany
1984 Los Angeles
Ulrike Meyfarth
 West Germany
Sara Simeoni
 Italy
Joni Huntley
 United States
1988 Seoul
Louise Ritter
 United States
Stefka Kostadinova
 Bulgaria
Tamara Bykova
 Soviet Union
1992 Barcelona
Heike Henkel
 Germany
Alina Astafei
 Romania
Ioamnet Quintero
 Cuba
1996 Atlanta
Stefka Kostadinova
 Bulgaria
Niki Bakoyianni
 Greece
Inha Babakova
 Ukraine
2000 Sydney
Yelena Yelesina
 Russia
Hestrie Cloete
 South Africa
Kajsa Bergqvist
 Sweden
Oana Pantelimon
 Romania
2004 Athens
Yelena Slesarenko
 Russia
Hestrie Cloete
 South Africa
Vita Styopina
 Ukraine
2008 Beijing
Tia Hellebaut
 Belgium
Blanka Vlašić
 Croatia
Chaunté Howard
 United States
2012 London
Anna Chicherova
 Russia
Brigetta Barrett
 United States
Svetlana Shkolina
 Russia
2016 Rio de Janeiro
Ruth Beitia
 Spain
Mirela Demireva
 Bulgaria
Blanka Vlašić
 Croatia

World Championships medalists

Men

Championships Gold Silver Bronze
1983 Helsinki
 Hennadiy Avdyeyenko (URS)  Tyke Peacock (USA)  Zhu Jianhua (CHN)
1987 Rome
 Patrik Sjöberg (SWE)  Hennadiy Avdyeyenko (URS)
 Igor Paklin (URS)
none awarded
1991 Tokyo
 Charles Austin (USA)  Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Hollis Conway (USA)
1993 Stuttgart
 Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Artur Partyka (POL)  Steve Smith (GBR)
1995 Gothenburg
 Troy Kemp (BAH)  Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Artur Partyka (POL)
1997 Athens
 Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Artur Partyka (POL)  Tim Forsyth (AUS)
1999 Seville
 Vyacheslav Voronin (RUS)  Mark Boswell (CAN)  Martin Buß (GER)
2001 Edmonton
 Martin Buß (GER)  Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)
 Vyacheslav Voronin (RUS)
none awarded
2003 Saint-Denis
 Jacques Freitag (RSA)  Stefan Holm (SWE)  Mark Boswell (CAN)
2005 Helsinki
 Yuriy Krymarenko (UKR)  Víctor Moya (CUB)
 Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)
none awarded
2007 Osaka
 Donald Thomas (BAH)  Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)  Kyriakos Ioannou (CYP)
2009 Berlin
 Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)  Kyriakos Ioannou (CYP)  Sylwester Bednarek (POL)
 Raúl Spank (GER)
2011 Daegu
 Jesse Williams (USA)  Aleksey Dmitrik (RUS)  Trevor Barry (BAH)
2013 Moscow
 Bohdan Bondarenko (UKR)  Mutaz Essa Barshim (QAT)  Derek Drouin (CAN)
2015 Beijing
 Derek Drouin (CAN)  Bohdan Bondarenko (UKR)
 Zhang Guowei (CHN)
none awarded
2017 London
 Mutaz Essa Barshim (QAT)  Danil Lysenko (ANA)  Majd Eddin Ghazal (SYR)
2019 Doha
 Mutaz Essa Barshim (QAT)  Mikhail Akimenko (ANA)  Ilya Ivanyuk (ANA)

Women

Championships Gold Silver Bronze
1983 Helsinki
 Tamara Bykova (URS)  Ulrike Meyfarth (FRG)  Louise Ritter (USA)
1987 Rome
 Stefka Kostadinova (BUL)  Tamara Bykova (URS)  Susanne Beyer (GDR)
1991 Tokyo
 Heike Henkel (GER)  Yelena Yelesina (URS)  Inha Babakova (URS)
1993 Stuttgart
 Ioamnet Quintero (CUB)  Silvia Costa (CUB)  Sigrid Kirchmann (AUT)
1995 Gothenburg
 Stefka Kostadinova (BUL)  Alina Astafei (GER)  Inha Babakova (UKR)
1997 Athens
 Hanne Haugland (NOR)  Inha Babakova (UKR)
 Olga Kaliturina (RUS)
none awarded
1999 Seville
 Inha Babakova (UKR)  Yelena Yelesina (RUS)  Svetlana Lapina (RUS)
2001 Edmonton
 Hestrie Cloete (RSA)  Inha Babakova (UKR)  Kajsa Bergqvist (SWE)
2003 Saint-Denis
 Hestrie Cloete (RSA)  Marina Kuptsova (RUS)  Kajsa Bergqvist (SWE)
2005 Helsinki
 Kajsa Bergqvist (SWE)  Chaunté Howard (USA)  Emma Green (SWE)
2007 Osaka
 Blanka Vlašić (CRO)  Anna Chicherova (RUS)
 Antonietta Di Martino (ITA)
none awarded
2009 Berlin
 Blanka Vlašić (CRO)  Anna Chicherova (RUS)  Ariane Friedrich (GER)
2011 Daegu
 Anna Chicherova (RUS)  Blanka Vlašić (CRO)  Antonietta Di Martino (ITA)
2013 Moscow
 Svetlana Shkolina (RUS)  Brigetta Barrett (USA)  Anna Chicherova (RUS)
 Ruth Beitia (ESP)
2015 Beijing
 Mariya Kuchina (RUS)  Blanka Vlašić (CRO)  Anna Chicherova (RUS)
2017 London
 Mariya Lasitskene (ANA)  Yuliya Levchenko (UKR)  Kamila Lićwinko (POL)
2019 Doha
 Mariya Lasitskene (ANA)  Yaroslava Mahuchikh (UKR)  Vashti Cunningham (USA)

World Indoor Championships medalists

Men

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1985 Paris[A]  Patrik Sjöberg (SWE)  Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Othmane Belfaa (ALG)
1987 Indianapolis
 Igor Paklin (URS)  Hennadiy Avdyeyenko (URS)  Ján Zvara (TCH)
1989 Budapest
 Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Dietmar Mögenburg (FRG)  Patrik Sjöberg (SWE)
1991 Seville
 Hollis Conway (USA)  Artur Partyka (POL)  Javier Sotomayor (CUB)
 Aleksey Yemelin (URS)
1993 Toronto
 Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Patrik Sjöberg (SWE)  Steve Smith (GBR)
1995 Barcelona
 Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Labros Papakostas (GRE)  Tony Barton (USA)
1997 Paris
 Charles Austin (USA)  Labros Papakostas (GRE)  Dragutin Topić (FRY)
1999 Maebashi
 Javier Sotomayor (CUB)  Vyacheslav Voronin (RUS)  Charles Austin (USA)
2001 Lisbon
 Stefan Holm (SWE)  Andriy Sokolovskyy (UKR)  Staffan Strand (SWE)
2003 Birmingham
 Stefan Holm (SWE)  Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)  Henadz Maroz (BLR)
2004 Budapest
 Stefan Holm (SWE)  Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)  Ștefan Vasilache (ROU)
 Germaine Mason (JAM)
 Jaroslav Bába (CZE)
2006 Moscow
 Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)  Andrey Tereshin (RUS)  Linus Thörnblad (SWE)
2008 Valencia
 Stefan Holm (SWE)  Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)  Andra Manson (USA)
2010 Doha
 Ivan Ukhov (RUS)  Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS)  Dusty Jonas (USA)
2012 Istanbul
 Dimitrios Chondrokoukis (GRE)  Andrey Silnov (RUS)  Ivan Ukhov (RUS)
2014 Sopot
 Mutaz Essa Barshim (QAT)  Ivan Ukhov (RUS)  Andriy Protsenko (UKR)
2016 Portland
 Gianmarco Tamberi (ITA)  Robert Grabarz (GBR)  Erik Kynard (USA)
2018 Birmingham
 Danil Lysenko (ANA)  Mutaz Essa Barshim (QAT)  Mateusz Przybylko (GER)

Women

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1985 Paris[A]  Stefka Kostadinova (BUL)  Susanne Lorentzon (SWE)  Debbie Brill (CAN)
 Danuta Bułkowska (POL)
 Silvia Costa (CUB)
1987 Indianapolis
 Stefka Kostadinova (BUL)  Susanne Beyer (GDR)  Emilia Dragieva (BUL)
1989 Budapest
 Stefka Kostadinova (BUL)  Tamara Bykova (URS)  Heike Redetzky (FRG)
1991 Seville
 Heike Henkel (GER)  Tamara Bykova (URS)  Heike Balck (GER)
1993 Toronto
 Stefka Kostadinova (BUL)  Heike Henkel (GER)  Inha Babakova (UKR)
1995 Barcelona
 Alina Astafei (GER)  Britta Bilač (SLO)  Heike Henkel (GER)
1997 Paris
 Stefka Kostadinova (BUL)  Inha Babakova (UKR)  Hanne Haugland (NOR)
1999 Maebashi
 Khristina Kalcheva (BUL)  Zuzana Hlavoňová (CZE)  Tisha Waller (USA)
2001 Lisbon
 Kajsa Bergqvist (SWE)  Inha Babakova (UKR)  Venelina Veneva (BUL)
2003 Birmingham
 Kajsa Bergqvist (SWE)  Yelena Yelesina (RUS)  Anna Chicherova (RUS)
2004 Budapest
 Yelena Slesarenko (RUS)  Anna Chicherova (RUS)  Blanka Vlašić (CRO)
2006 Moscow
 Yelena Slesarenko (RUS)  Blanka Vlašić (CRO)  Ruth Beitia (ESP)
2008 Valencia
 Blanka Vlašić (CRO)  Yelena Slesarenko (RUS)  Vita Palamar (UKR)
2010 Doha
 Blanka Vlašić (CRO)  Ruth Beitia (ESP)  Chaunté Lowe (USA)
2012 Istanbul
 Chaunté Lowe (USA)  Antonietta Di Martino (ITA)
 Anna Chicherova (RUS)
 Ebba Jungmark (SWE)
none awarded
2014 Sopot
 Mariya Kuchina (RUS)
 Kamila Lićwinko (POL)
none awarded  Ruth Beitia (ESP)
2016 Portland
 Vashti Cunningham (USA)  Ruth Beitia (ESP)  Kamila Lićwinko (POL)
2018 Birmingham
 Mariya Lasitskene (ANA)  Vashti Cunningham (USA)  Alessia Trost (ITA)
  • A Known as the World Indoor Games

Athletes with most medals

Athletes who have won multiple titles at the two most important competitions, the Olympic Games and the World Championships:

  • 3 wins: Javier Sotomayor (CUB) - Olympic Champion in 1992, World Champion in 1993 & 1997
  • 3 wins: Stefka Kostadinova (BUL) - Olympic Champion in 1996, World Champion in 1987 & 1995
  • 3 wins: Mariya Lasitskene (RUS) - World Champion in 2015, 2017 & 2019
  • 2 wins: Gennadiy Avdeyenko (URS) - Olympic Champion in 1988, World Champion in 1983
  • 2 wins: Charles Austin (USA) - Olympic Champion in 1996, World Champion in 1991
  • 2 wins: Iolanda Balas (ROM) - Olympic Champion in 1960 & 1964
  • 2 wins: Ulrike Meyfarth (FRG) - Olympic Champion in 1972 & 1984
  • 2 wins: Heike Henkel (GER) - Olympic Champion in 1992, World Champion in 1991
  • 2 wins: Hestrie Cloete (RSA) - World Champion in 2001 & 2003
  • 2 wins: Blanka Vlasic (CRO) - World Champion in 2007 & 2009
  • 2 wins: Anna Chicherova (RUS) - Olympic Champion in 2012, World Champion in 2011

Kostadinova and Sotomayor are the only high jumpers to have been Olympic Champion, World Champion and broken the world record.

Men

Athlete Olympic Games World Championships World Indoor Championships Continental Championships Continental Indoor Championships Universiade Regional Games
Mediterranean
Pan American
Asian
Total
 Javier Sotomayor (CUB) 110220 410201 ---100 3001341
 Dietmar Mögenburg (FRG) 100000 010100 521000 ---731
 Stefan Holm (SWE) 100010 400011 210000 ---721
 Patrik Sjöberg (SWE) 021100 111000 400000 ---632
 Lee Jin-Taek (KOR) 000000 000310 ---101 200611
 Igor Paklin (URS) 000010 100100 000200 ---410
 Valeriy Brumel (URS) 110--- ---100 000200 ---410
 Zhu Jianhua (CHN) 001001 000200 ---000 200402
 Charles Austin (USA) 100100 101100 ---000 000401
 Yaroslav Rybakov (RUS) 001130 140100 011100 ---382
 Dragutin Topić (SRB) 000000 001100 102100 001304
 Vladimir Yashchenko (URS) 000--- ---100 200000 ---300
 Gennadiy Avdeyenko (URS) 100110 010000 001000 ---221
 Hollis Conway (USA) 011001 100000 ---110 001223

Women

Athlete Olympic Games World Championships World Indoor Championships Continental Championships Continental Indoor Championships Universiade Regional Games
Mediterranean
Pan American
Commonwealth
Total
 Stefka Kostadinova (BUL) 110200 500100 410000 ---1320
 Sara Simeoni (ITA) 120000 000102 400212 2001024
 Mariya Lasitskene (RUS) ---300 200110 200010 ---820
 Ruth Beitia (ESP) 100001 022300 131100 000654
 Blanka Vlašić (CRO) 011220 211100 000000 100642
 Hestrie Cloete (RSA) 020200 000300 000000 100620
 Heike Henkel (FRG) 100100 112100 201000 ---613
 Iolanda Balaş (ROM) 200--- ---210 000200 ---610
 Ulrike Meyfarth (FRG) 200010 000100 200010 ---520
 Kajsa Bergqvist (SWE) 001102 200101 110000 ---514
 Rosemarie Ackermann (GDR) 100--- ---110 300000 ---510
 Anna Chicherova (RUS) 10*122 021000 100100 ---443
 Tamara Bykova (URS) 001110 110010 110101 ---422
Alina Astafei
(Romania & Germany)
010010 100001 211100 ---432
 Tia Hellebaut (BEL) 100000 100100 100000 ---400
 Yelena Slesarenko (RUS) 100000 210000 000001 ---311
 Antonietta Di Martino (ITA) 000011 010000 100000 110231

Season's bests

  • "i" indicates indoor performance.

Height differentials

All time lists of athletes with the highest recorded jumps above their own height.[23][24]

Men

RankDifferentialAthleteHeightMark
1 0.59 m (1 ft 11 in) Stefan Holm1.81 m (5 ft 11 14 in)2.40 m (7 ft 10 14 in)
Franklin Jacobs1.73 m (5 ft 8 in)2.32 m (7 ft 7 14 in)
3 0.58 m (1 ft 10 34 in) Linus Thörnblad1.80 m (5 ft 10 34 in)2.38 m (7 ft 9 12 in)
Anton Riepl1.75 m (5 ft 8 34 in)2.33 m (7 ft 7 12 in)
Rick Noji1.73 m (5 ft 8 in)2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in)
60.57 m (1 ft 10 14 in)Hollis Conway1.83 m (6 ft 0 in)2.40 m (7 ft 10 14 in)
7 0.56 m (1 ft 10 in) Takahiro Kimino1.76 m (5 ft 9 14 in)2.32 m (7 ft 7 14 in)
Charles Austin1.84 m (6 ft 14 in)2.40 m (7 ft 10 14 in)
Sorin Matei1.84 m (6 ft 14 in)2.40 m (7 ft 10 14 in)
10 0.55 m (1 ft 9 12 in) Robert Wolski1.84 m (6 ft 14 in)2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in)
Hari Shankar Roy1.70 m (5 ft 6 34 in)2.25 m (7 ft 4 12 in)
Marcello Benvenuti1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)2.33 m (7 ft 7 12 in)
Milton Ottey1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)2.33 m (7 ft 7 12 in)

Women

RankDifferentialAthleteHeightMark
1 0.35 m (1 ft 1 34 in)Antonietta Di Martino1.69 m (5 ft 6 12 in)2.04 m (6 ft 8 14 in)
2 0.33 m (1 ft 34 in) Kajsa Bergqvist1.75 m (5 ft 8 34 in)2.08 m (6 ft 9 34 in)
Niki Bakoyianni1.70 m (5 ft 6 34 in)2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in)
4 0.32 m (1 ft 12 in) Yolanda Henry1.68 m (5 ft 6 in)2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in)
Emilia Dragieva1.68 m (5 ft 6 in)2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in)
6 0.31 m (1 ft 0 in)Marie Collonvillé1.63 m (5 ft 4 in)1.94 m (6 ft 4 14 in)
Inika McPherson1.65 m (5 ft 4 34 in)1.96 m (6 ft 5 in)
8 0.30 m (11 34 in) Jessica Ennis1.65 m (5 ft 4 34 in)1.95 m (6 ft 4 34 in)
Viktoriya Seryogina1.70 m (5 ft 6 34 in)2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in)
Antonella Bevilacqua1.69 m (5 ft 6 12 in)1.99 m (6 ft 6 14 in)
Lyudmila Andonova1.77 m (5 ft 9 12 in)2.07 m (6 ft 9 14 in)
Cindy Holmes1.53 m (5 ft 0 in)1.83 m (6 ft 0 in)

Female two metres club

As of July 2019, 73 different female athletes had ever been able to jump 2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in).[10][12]

#NationsAthletes
16  RussiaAnna Chicherova 2.07, Elena Slesarenko 2.06, Mariya Lasitskene 2.06, Tamara Bykova 2.05, Irina Gordeeva 2.04, Marina Kuptsova 2.03,
Svetlana Shkolina 2.03, Tatyana Babashkina 2.03, Yelena Yelesina 2.02, Yelena Gulyayeva 2.01, Svetlana Lapina 2.00
Ekaterina Savchenko 2.00, Larisa Kositsyna 2.00, Viktoriya Klyugina 2.00, Viktoriya Seryogina 2.00, Yuliya Lyakhova 2.00
9  GermanyHeike Henkel 2.07, Ariane Friedrich 2.06, Alina Astafei 2.04, Ulrike Meyfarth 2.03, Gabriele Günz 2.01, Heike Balck 2.01,
Daniela Rath 2.00, Meike Kröger 2.00, Marie-Laurence Jungfleisch 2.00
 United StatesChaunté Lowe 2.05, Brigetta Barrett 2.04, Louise Ritter 2.03, Amy Acuff 2.01, Tisha Waller 2.01,
Coleen Sommer 2.00, Jan Wohlschlag 2.00, Yolanda Henry 2.00, Vashti Cunningham 2.00
7  UkraineInha Babakova 2.05, Yaroslava Mahuchikh 2.04, Vita Styopina 2.02, Yuliya Levchenko 2.02, Iryna Mykhalchenko 2.01, Vita Palamar 2.01, Lyudmila Avdeyenko 2.00
6  BulgariaStefka Kostadinova 2.09, Lyudmila Andonova 2.07, Venelina Veneva-Mateeva 2.04, Emilia Dragieva 2.00, Svetlana Isaeva-Leseva 2.00, Mirela Demireva 2.00
4  ItalyAntonietta Di Martino 2.04, Elena Vallortigara 2.02, Sara Simeoni 2.01, Alessia Trost 2.00
3  South AfricaHestrie Cloete 2.06, Desiré du Plessis 2.01, Charmaine Gale-Weavers 2.00
2  SwedenKajsa Bergqvist 2.08, Emma Green Tregaro 2.01
 CubaSilvia Costa 2.04, Ioamnet Quintero 2.01
 East GermanySusanne Beyer 2.02, Rosemarie Ackermann 2.00
 BelgiumTia Hellebaut 2.05, Nafissatou Thiam 2.01
 BelarusTatyana Shevchik 2.00, Karyna Taranda 2.00
1  CroatiaBlanka Vlašić 2.08
 GreeceNiki Bakogianni 2.03
 RomaniaMonica Iagar 2.03
 SpainRuth Beitia 2.02
 PolandKamila Lićwinko 2.02
 KazakhstanOlga Turchak 2.01
 NorwayHanne Haugland 2.01
 LithuaniaAirinė Palšytė 2.01
 YugoslaviaBiljana Petrović 2.00
 Czech RepublicZuzana Hlavoňová 2.00
 SloveniaBritta Bilač 2.00
 HungaryDóra Győrffy 2.00

National records

Men

Nation Height Athlete Date Place Ref
 Cuba 2.45 m (8 ft 14 in) Javier Sotomayor 27 July 1993 Salamanca
 Qatar 2.43 m (7 ft 11 12 in) Mutaz Essa Barshim 5 September 2014 Brussels [25]
 Ukraine 2.42 m (7 ft 11 14 in) Bohdan Bondarenko 14 June 2014 New York City [15]
 Sweden 2.42 m (7 ft 11 14 in) Patrik Sjöberg 30 June 1987 Stockholm
 Russia 2.42 m (7 ft 11 14 in) i Ivan Ukhov 25 February 2014 Prague [26]
 Germany 2.42 m (7 ft 11 14 in) i Carlo Thränhardt 26 February 1988 Berlin
 Kyrgyzstan 2.41 m (7 ft 10 34 in) Igor Paklin 4 September 1985 Kobe
 Romania 2.40 m (7 ft 10 14 in) Sorin Matei 20 June 1990 Bratislava
 United States 2.40 m (7 ft 10 14 in) Charles Austin 7 August 1991 Zürich
 Canada 2.40 m (7 ft 10 14 in) Derek Drouin 25 April 2014 Des Moines [27]
 China 2.39 m (7 ft 10 in) Zhu Jianhua 11 June 1983 Beijing
 Italy 2.39 m (7 ft 10 in) Gianmarco Tamberi 15 July 2016 Fontvieille [19]
 Serbia 2.38 m (7 ft 9 12 in) Dragutin Topic 1 August 1993 Belgrad
 Bahamas 2.38 m (7 ft 9 12 in) Troy Kemp 12 July 1995 Nice
 Poland 2.38 m (7 ft 9 12 in) Artur Partyka 18 August 1996 Eberstadt
 South Africa 2.38 m (7 ft 9 12 in) Jacques Freitag 5 March 2005 Oudtshoorn
 Azerbaijan 2.37 m (7 ft 9 14 in) Valeriy Sereda 2 September 1984 Rieti
 United Kingdom 2.37 m (7 ft 9 14 in) Steve Smith 20 September 1992 Seoul
22 August 1993 Stuttgart
Robbie Grabarz 23 August 2012 Lausanne [28]
 Belgium 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Eddy Annys 26 May 1985 Ghent
 Kazakhstan 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Sergey Zasimovich 5 May 1984 Tashkent
 Slovakia 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Jan Zvara 23 August 1987 Prague
 Czech Republic 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Jaroslav Baba 8 July 2005 Rome
 Bermuda 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Clarence Saunders 1 February 1990 Auckland
 Bulgaria 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Georgi Dakov 10 August 1990 Brussels
 Greece 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Lambros Papakostas 21 July 1992 Athens
 Australia 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Tim Forsyth 2 March 1997 Melbourne
 Norway 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Steinar Hoen 1 July 1997 Oslo
 Israel 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Konstantin Matusevich 5 February 2000 Perth
 Syria 2.36 m (7 ft 8 34 in) Majd Eddin Ghazal 18 May 2016 Beijing [29]
 France 2.35 m (7 ft 8 12 in) Jean-Charles Gicquel 13 March 1994 Paris
 Cyprus 2.35 m (7 ft 8 12 in) Kyriakos Ioannou 29 August 2007 Osaka
 Japan 2.35 m (7 ft 8 12 in) i Naoto Tobe 2 February 2019 Karlsruhe [30]
 Lithuania 2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) Rolandas Verkys 16 June 1991 Warsaw
 Spain 2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) Arturo Ortiz 22 June 1991 Barcelona
 Belarus 2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) Andrey Sankovich 15 May 1993 Gomel
 South Korea 2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) Lee Jin-Taek 20 June 1997 Seoul
 Algeria 2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) Abderrahmane Hammad 14 July 2000 Algiers
 Jamaica 2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) Germaine Mason 9 August 2003 Santo Domingo
 Botswana 2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) Kabelo Kgosiemang 4 May 2008 Addis Ababa
 Colombia 2.33 m (7 ft 7 12 in) Gilmar Mayo 17 October 1994 Pereira
 Uzbekistan 2.32 m (7 ft 7 14 in) Gennadiy Belkov 29 May 1982 Tashkent
 Slovenia 2.32 m (7 ft 7 14 in) Rožle Prezelj 17 June 2012 Maribor
 Brazil 2.32 m (7 ft 7 14 in) Jessé de Lima 2 September 2008 Lausanne
  Switzerland 2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in) Roland Dalhäuser 7 June 1981 Eberstadt
 Tajikistan 2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in) Oleg Palaschevskiy 12 August 1990 Bryansk
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in) Elvir Krehmic 7 July 1998 Zagreb
 Saint Lucia 2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in) Darvin Edwards 30 August 2011 Daegu
 Finland 2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in) Mika Polku 22 July 2000 Hämeenkyrö
Toni Huikuri 11 June 2002 Bratislava
 Peru 2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in) A Arturo Chávez 11 June 2016 Mexico City [31]
 Venezuela 2.31 m (7 ft 6 34 in) Eure Yáñez 23 June 2017 Luque [32]
 Netherlands 2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) Wilbert Pennings 7 August 1999 Eberstadt [33]
 Estonia 2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) Marko Turban 5 June 1996 Rakvere
 Latvia 2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) Normunds Sietiņš 20 July 1992 Nurmijärvi
 New Zealand 2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) Glenn Howard 12 March 2000 Christchurch
Hamish Kerr 26 June 2019 Townsville [34]
 Ireland 2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) Adrian O'Dwyer 24 June 2004 Algiers
 Mexico 2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) Gerardo Martinez 15 April 2007 Walnut
2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) i Edgar Rivera 9 February 2016 Brno [35]
4 February 2017 Hustopeče [36]
 Malaysia 2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) Nauraj Singh Randhawa 27 April 2017 Singapore [37]
 Turkey 2.30 m (7 ft 6 12 in) Alperen Acet 3 June 2018 Cluj-Napoca [38]
 Chinese Taipei 2.29 m (7 ft 6 in) Hsiang Chun-hsien 21 October 2015 Kaohsiung
 Puerto Rico 2.29 m (7 ft 6 in) David Adley Smith II 23 April 2016 Auburn [39]
Luis Castro Rivera 28 May 2016 Sinn [40]
 India 2.29 m (7 ft 6 in) Tejaswin Shankar 27 April 2018 Lubbock [41]
 Iceland 2.28 m (7 ft 5 34 in) Einar Karl Hjartarson 20 February 2001 Reykjavík
 Cameroon 2.28 m (7 ft 5 34 in) Fernand Djoumessi 19 June 2014 Bühl [42]
 Hungary 2.28 m (7 ft 5 34 in) László Boros 6 July 2005 Debrecen
 Austria 2.28 m (7 ft 5 34 in) Markus Einberger 18 May 1986 Schwechat
 Sudan 2.28 m (7 ft 5 34 in) i Mohamed Younes Idris 23 February 2014 Bordeaux [43]
2.28 m (7 ft 5 34 in) 27 May 2015 Namur [44]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 2.28 m (7 ft 5 34 in) Jermaine Francis 1 August 2018 Barranquilla [45]
 Antigua and Barbuda 2.27 m (7 ft 5 14 in) James Grayman 7 July 2007 Pergine Valsugana
 Denmark 2.27 m (7 ft 5 14 in) Janick Klausen 4 March 2011 Paris [46]
 Sri Lanka 2.27 m (7 ft 5 14 in) Manjula Kumara Wijesekara 23 July 2004 Colombo
4 September 2005 Incheon
 Lebanon 2.27 m (7 ft 5 14 in) Jean-Claude Rabbath 23 April 2004 Beirut
12 June 2004 Bucharest
 San Marino 2.27 m (7 ft 5 14 in) Eugenio Rossi 28 June 2015 Caprino Veronese [47]
 Iran 2.26 m (7 ft 4 34 in) Keivan Ghanbarzadeh 20 April 2012 Shiraz [48]
22 June 2015 Bangkok [49]
2.26 m (7 ft 4 34 in) i 20 September 2017 Ashgabat [50]
 Argentina 2.25 m (7 ft 4 12 in) A Fernando Pastoriza 23 July 1988 Mexico City
Erasmo Jara 11 May 2002 Rosário
 Barbados 2.25 m (7 ft 4 12 in) Henderson Dottin 12 April 2008 El Paso
 Egypt 2.25 m (7 ft 4 12 in) Karim Samir Lotfy 27 June 2008 Eberstadt
 Kenya 2.25 m (7 ft 4 12 in) A Mathieu Kiplagat Sawe 31 July 2015 Nairobi [51]
 Mali 2.25 m (7 ft 4 12 in) Abdoulaye Diarra 24 May 2015 Tourcoing [52]
 Moldova 2.25 m (7 ft 4 12 in) Radu Tucan 30 May 2008 Chişinău
Andrei Mîţîcov 28 May 2016 Tiraspol
 Ghana 2.24 m (7 ft 4 in) Awuku Boateng 8 August 1996 Kitchener
 Portugal 2.24 m (7 ft 4 in) i Paulo Conceição 6 March 2016 Pombal [53]
 Burkina Faso 2.22 m (7 ft 3 14 in) Boubacar Séré 13 August 2006 Bambous
27 June 2007 Celle Ligure
 Chile 2.22 m (7 ft 3 14 in) Felipe Apablaza 3 June 2001 Cochabamba
 Jordan 2.22 m (7 ft 3 14 in) Fakhredin Fouad 4 July 1991 Amman
 Grenada 2.21 m (7 ft 3 in) Paul Caraballo 26 April 1997 Des Moines
 Saudi Arabia 2.21 m (7 ft 3 in) Nawaf Ahmad Al-Yami 15 June 2013 Salzburg
 Panama 2.21 m (7 ft 3 in) Alexander Bowen Jr. 9 May 2015 Albany [54]
 Bahrain 2.19 m (7 ft 2 in) Salem Nasser Bakheet 10 October 2002 Busan
9 December 2006 Doha
 Cayman Islands 2.19 m (7 ft 2 in) Omar Wright 13 May 2006 El Paso
 Iraq 2.19 m (7 ft 2 in) Hussein Al-Ibraheemi 19 May 2017 Baku [55]
 Chad 2.17 m (7 ft 1 14 in) Mahamat Idriss 10 April 1966 N'Djamena
Paul Ngadjadoum 29 March 1993 N'Djamena
Mathias Ngadjadoum 7 April 1996 N'Djamena
 Guyana 2.17 m (7 ft 1 14 in) Robert Bynoe 17 April 1995 George Town
 Trinidad and Tobago 2.17 m (7 ft 1 14 in) Kareem Roberts 25 June 2017 Port of Spain [56]
 Armenia 2.16 m (7 ft 1 in) A Karen Ardarian 14 July 1984 Yerevan
Gerasim Hayrapetian 15 June 1985
Edik Mesropian 15 October 1985
 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2.16 m (7 ft 1 in) Dieudonné Opata 18 July 1998 Pamplona
 United Arab Emirates 2.16 m (7 ft 1 in) Sayed Abbas Al-Alaoui 10 April 2013 Doha
 Costa Rica 2.15 m (7 ft 12 in) Henry Linton 9 May 2009 San José
 Indonesia 2.15 m (7 ft 12 in) Andre Dermawan 13 September 2012 Pekanbaru
Rizky Ghusyafa Pratama 26 August 2017 Bukit Jalil [57]
 Zambia 2.15 m (7 ft 12 in) Shaddye Melu 9 April 2016 Spokane [58]
 Andorra 2.14 m (7 ft 14 in) Estéve Martín 26 June 1996 Barcelona
 Republic of the Congo 2.14 m (7 ft 14 in) Henri Elendé 6 September 1964 Châtellerault
Jean-Claude Silao 1 June 1997 Dakar
 Liberia 2.14 m (7 ft 14 in) Jah Bennett 28 April 2007 Fresno
 Benin 2.12 m (6 ft 11 14 in) Romain Akpo 10 September 2010 Abuja
 Albania 2.11 m (6 ft 11 in) Muhamet Abazi 6 July 1988 Tirana
 Bangladesh 2.11 m (6 ft 11 in) Sajib Hossain 5 May 2010 Dhaka [59]
 Angola 2.10 m (6 ft 10 12 in) Orlando Bonifácio 9 May 1982 Luanda
 Aruba 2.10 m (6 ft 10 12 in) Pierre de Windt 24 September 2006 Breda
 Bolivia 2.10 m (6 ft 10 12 in) Claudio Pinto 12 November 1989 La Paz
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2.09 m (6 ft 10 14 in) Zimbert Bramble 11 April 2015 Pittsburg [60]
 Fiji 2.09 m (6 ft 10 14 in) Antonio Rahiman 5 April 2003 Suva
Malakai Kaiwalu 8 July 2016 Suva [61]
 Ivory Coast 2.08 m (6 ft 9 34 in) Moustapha N’Dir 28 May 1970 Dakar
Kouami N’Dri 5 May 1979 Abidjan
 Macau 2.08 m (6 ft 9 34 in) Wong Chi Wai 19 May 2016 Taoyuan [62]
 Pakistan 2.07 m (6 ft 9 14 in) Shehroz Khan 18 November 2018 Islamabad [63]
 Central African Republic 2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) Fidèle Bakamba 3 April 1977 Ilé-Ifẹ̀
 Burundi 2.05 m (6 ft 8 12 in) Jérôme Rutayisiré 17 August 1986 Gauvain
 Cape Verde 2.05 m (6 ft 8 12 in) Stephane Varela 11 January 2014 Lisbon
 Brunei 2.04 m (6 ft 8 14 in) Demingo Kapal 7 June 1992 B. S. Begawan
 Belize 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in) Joel Wade 17 August 1997 Belize City
 Cambodia 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in) Sin Sitha 5 August 1972 Aachen
 Libya 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in) Fethi Abdulmounem Aboud 27 August 2008 Amman
 Suriname 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in) Miguel van Assen 31 March 2013 Nassau
 Myanmar 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in) Htin Linn 28 April 2016 Kallang [64]
 Anguilla 2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in) Theron Niles 6 July 2014 Basseterre
   Nepal 1.98 m (6 ft 5 34 in) Surya Khatri 12 July 2015 Kathmandu [65]
 Kosovo 1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) Erydit Rysha 29 May 2016 Bar
 Kiribati 1.95 m (6 ft 4 34 in) David Birati 10 May 2015 Cairns [66]
 Nicaragua 1.95 m (6 ft 4 34 in) Francisco Garth 21 January 2017 Managua [67]
 Rwanda 1.93 m (6 ft 3 34 in) Ian Kagame 30 April 2016 Amherst
 Afghanistan 1.90 m (6 ft 2 34 in) Abdoul Skour 1973 Kabul
 Guam 1.90 m (6 ft 2 34 in) Raffy Cartaciano 7 May 2002 Tumon
 American Samoa 1.89 m (6 ft 2 14 in) Aaron Victorian 12 February 2010 San Jose
 Cook Islands 1.89 m (6 ft 2 14 in) Turuariki George Baxter 25 September 2009 Nikao
 Malta 1.87 m (6 ft 1 12 in) Edward Calleja 17 June 1998 Marsa
 Comoros 1.85 m (6 ft 34 in) Mouhoussoine Soudjay 23 May 2015 Gagny
 Bhutan 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) Mipham Yoezer Gurung 7 July 2016 Thimphu [68]
Kinley Wangdy [68]
 South Sudan 1.55 m (5 ft 1 in) Dood Deng Akoi 13/14 June 2015 Khartoum

Women

NationHeightAthleteDateVenueRef
 Bulgaria 2.09 m (6 ft 10 14 in) Stefka Kostadinova 30 August 1987 Rome
 Sweden 2.08 m (6 ft 9 34 in) i Kajsa Bergqvist 4 February 2006 Arnstadt
 Croatia 2.08 m (6 ft 9 34 in) Blanka Vlašić 31 August 2009 Zagreb
 Germany 2.07 m (6 ft 9 14 in) i Heike Henkel 8 February 1992 Karlsruhe
 Russia 2.07 m (6 ft 9 14 in) Anna Chicherova 22 July 2011 Cheboksary
 South Africa 2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) Hestrie Cloete 31 August 2003 Paris
 Ukraine 2.05 m (6 ft 8 12 in) Inga Babakova 15 September 1995 Tokyo
 Belgium 2.05 m (6 ft 8 12 in) Tia Hellebaut 3 March 2007 Birmingham
 United States 2.05 m (6 ft 8 12 in) Chaunte Lowe 26 June 2010 Des Moines
 Cuba 2.04 m (6 ft 8 14 in) Silvia Costa 9 September 1989 Barcelona
 Italy 2.04 m (6 ft 8 14 in) i Antonietta Di Martino 9 February 2011 Banská Bystrica
 Greece 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in) Niki Bakogianni 3 August 1996 Atlanta
 Romania 2.03 m (6 ft 7 34 in) Monica Iagar 23 January 1999 Bucharest
 Spain 2.02 m (6 ft 7 12 in) Ruth Beitia 4 August 2007 San Sebastián
 Poland 2.02 m (6 ft 7 12 in) i Kamila Lićwinko 21 February 2015 Toruń [69]
 Kazakhstan 2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) Olga Turchak 7 July 1986 Moscow
 Norway 2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) Hanne Haugland 13 August 1997 Zürich
 Lithuania 2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) i Airinė Palšytė 4 March 2017 Belgrade [70]
 Yugoslavia 2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in) Biljana Petrović 22 June 1990 Saint-Denis
 Belarus 2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in) Tatyana Shevchik 14 May 1993 Gomel
 Czech Republic 2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in) Zuzana Hlavoňová 5 June 2000 Prague
 Slovenia 2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in) Britta Bilač 14 August 1994 Helsinki
 Hungary 2.00 m (6 ft 6 12 in) Dóra Győrffy 26 July 2001 Nyíregyháza
 Australia 1.99 m (6 ft 6 14 in) Eleanor Patterson 28 February 2020 Wellington [71]
 Uzbekistan 1.98 m (6 ft 5 34 in) Lyudmila Butuzova 10 June 1984 Sochi
Svetlana Radzivil 22 May 2008 Cottbus
Nadiya Dusanova 17 July 2008 Cottbus
 Canada 1.98 m (6 ft 5 34 in) Debbie Brill 2 September 1984 Rieti
 Saint Lucia 1.98 m (6 ft 5 34 in) Levern Spencer 8 May 2010 Athens
 United Kingdom 1.98 m (6 ft 5 34 in) Katarina Johnson-Thompson 12 August 2016 Rio de Janeiro [72]
 China 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) Jin Ling 7 May 1989 Hamamatsu
 Latvia 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) Valentīna Gotovska 30 March 1992 Vilnius
 Austria 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) Sigrid Kirchmann 21 August 1993 Stuttgart
 Moldova 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) Olga Bolşova 5 September 1993 Rieti
 Argentina 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) Solange Witteveen 19 May 2001 Manaus
 Dominican Republic 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) Juana Rosario Arrendel 2 December 2002 San Salvador
 France 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) i Mélanie Melfort 5 February 2003 Dortmund
18 February 2007 Aubière
 Kyrgyzstan 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) Tatyana Efimenko 11 July 2003 Rome
 Mexico 1.97 m (6 ft 5 12 in) Romary Rifka 4 April 2004 Xalapa
 Estonia 1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) Anna Iljuštšenko 9 August 2011 Viljandi
 Japan 1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) Miki Imai 15 September 2001 Yokohama
 Ivory Coast 1.95 m (6 ft 4 34 in) Lucienne N'Da 28 June 1992 Belle Vue Maurel
 Ireland 1.95 m (6 ft 4 34 in) Deirdre Ryan 1 September 2011 Daegu
 Nigeria 1.95 m (6 ft 4 34 in) Doreen Amata 3 July 2008 Abuja
16 July 2011 Eberstadt [73]
1 September 2011 Daegu [74]
 Montenegro 1.95 m (6 ft 4 34 in) Marija Vuković 24 July 2016 Berane [75]
 Finland 1.95 m (6 ft 4 34 in) Ella Junnila 3 July 2019 Tampere [76]
 Israel 1.94 m (6 ft 4 14 in) i Danielle Frenkel 5 March 2011 Paris
 Vietnam 1.94 m (6 ft 4 14 in) Bui Thi Nhung 4 May 2005 Bangkok
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.94 m (6 ft 4 14 in) Amra Temim 15 August 1987 Varaždin
 Serbia 1.94 m (6 ft 4 14 in) Amra Temim 16 September 1988 Thessaloniki
 Denmark 1.94 m (6 ft 4 14 in) Pia Zinck 8 August 1997 Athens [77]
 Netherlands 1.94 m (6 ft 4 14 in) Nadine Broersen 14 August 2014 Zürich [78]
 Colombia 1.94 m (6 ft 4 14 in) A María Fernanda Murillo 1 May 2019 Medellín [79]
 Turkey 1.93 m (6 ft 3 34 in)[80] Candeğer Oğuz 16 May 2004 Istanbul
 Jamaica 1.93 m (6 ft 3 34 in) Sheree Francis 15 May 2010 Spanish Town
 Cyprus 1.93 m (6 ft 3 34 in) i Leontia Kallenou 13 March 2015 Fayetteville [81]
1.93 m (6 ft 3 34 in) 15 May 2015 Starkville [82]
 Barbados 1.93 m (6 ft 3 34 in) i Akela Jones 27 February 2016 Ames [83]
 Brazil 1.92 m (6 ft 3 12 in) Orlane dos Santos 11 August 1989 Bogotá
 Georgia 1.92 m (6 ft 3 12 in) Valentyna Liashenko 27 June 2015 Berdychiv
 Seychelles 1.92 m (6 ft 3 12 in) A Lissa Labiche 9 May 2015 Potchefstroom [84]
 Antigua and Barbuda 1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) Priscilla Frederick 22 July 2015 Toronto [85]
 Hong Kong 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) Yeung Man Wai 30 April 2017 Taipei City [86]
 Bahamas 1.87 m (6 ft 1 12 in) i Saniel Atkinson Grier 24 January 2014 Nashville [87]
8 February 2014 Blacksburg [88]
 Ghana 1.87 m (6 ft 1 12 in) Abigail Kwarteng 5 May 2018 Lubbock [89]
 Dominica 1.85 m (6 ft 34 in) i Thea LaFond 27 February 2014 Clemson [90]
1.85 m (6 ft 34 in) 3 April 2015 Gainesville [91]
 Luxembourg 1.85 m (6 ft 34 in) Elodie Tshilumba 9 June 2017 Pierre-Bénite [92]
 Singapore 1.84 m (6 ft 14 in) Michelle Sng 19 March 2015 Laguna [93]
 Puerto Rico 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) Laura Agront 2 June 1984 San Juan
1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) A Alysbeth Félix 25 June 2016 Cali [94]
 Iran 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) Sepideh Tavakkoli 28 September 2014 Incheon [95]
 Uruguay 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) Lorena Aires 10 March 2018 Montevideo [96]
 Egypt 1.82 m (5 ft 11 12 in) Besnet Moussad Mohamed 13 April 2016 Cairo
 Peru 1.82 m (5 ft 11 12 in) A Candy Toche 22 June 2019 Cali [97]
 Morocco 1.81 m (5 ft 11 14 in) i Ghizlane Siba 13 December 2014 Manhattan [98]
 Malaysia 1.81 m (5 ft 11 14 in) Yap Sean Yee 19 March 2017 Kuala Lumpur [99]
 Ethiopia 1.80 m (5 ft 10 34 in) Ariyat Dibow Ubang 14 September 2015 Brazzaville [100]
 Haiti 1.80 m (5 ft 10 34 in) Vanessa Jules 22 May 2015 Chula Vista
 Eswatini 1.80 m (5 ft 10 34 in) A Erika Seyama 11 March 2017 Pretoria
 Bermuda 1.80 m (5 ft 10 34 in) Zindzi Swan 14 May 2005 Atlanta
10 July 2005 Nassau
Sakari Famous 30 April 2016 Hamilton
 Indonesia 1.79 m (5 ft 10 14 in) Nadia Anggraini 28 April 2016 Singapore [101]
 Benin 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) Odile Ahouanwanou 14 July 2017 Marseille [102]
1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) i 22 January 2017 Eaubonne [103]
 Anguilla 1.77 m (5 ft 9 12 in) i Shinelle Proctor 31 May 2014 Fayetteville [104]
 United States Virgin Islands 1.75 m (5 ft 8 34 in) Wanetta Kirby 6 June 2015 West Long Branch
11 July 2015 New York City
 Iraq 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) Mariyam Abdul Hameed 16–18 March 2017 Baghdad
21 May 2017 Bangkok
 Lebanon 1.72 m (5 ft 7 12 in) Carine Bitchakjin 11 August 2000 Jamhour
 Belize 1.71 m (5 ft 7 14 in) i Katy Sealy 20 December 2015 London
 Fiji 1.71 m (5 ft 7 14 in) Shawntell Lockington 16 September 2017 Suva
 Curaçao 1.70 m (5 ft 6 34 in) Sharyaane Gijsbertha 1 April 2013 Nassau [105]
 Bahrain 1.70 m (5 ft 6 34 in) Mariam Mohamed Al-Ansari 17 December 2011 Doha [106]
9 March 2013 Manama
15 March 2015 Muscat
 Republic of the Congo 1.70 m (5 ft 6 34 in) Addo Ndala 16 June 1990 Quimper
Tania Matshoko 8 May 2016 Antony
 Suriname 1.66 m (5 ft 5 14 in) Deborah Gallon 5 May 2015 Paramaribo
 Guinea 1.65 m (5 ft 4 34 in) i Fatoumata Balley 7 January 2015 Nogent-sur-Oise [107]
 British Virgin Islands 1.65 m (5 ft 4 34 in) Takola Creque 21 May 1994 Road Town
Chantel Malone 29 June 2008 Road Town
Z’Niah Hutchinson 7 March 2016 Tortola [108]
 Turks and Caicos Islands 1.65 m (5 ft 4 34 in) Sanadia Forbes 15 April 2017 Willemstad [109]
 Malta 1.61 m (5 ft 3 14 in) Chloe Gambin 19 February 2011 Marsa
 Liberia 1.60 m (5 ft 2 34 in) Otricia Borkuah 27/31 December 2013 Monrovia
Maya Neal 24 February 2017 Nashville
 United Arab Emirates 1.59 m (5 ft 2 12 in) Alia Youssef Al-Hammadi 15 March 2015 Muscat
 Equatorial Guinea 1.56 m (5 ft 1 14 in) Bibiana Olama 25/27 October 2012 Malabo
 Kuwait 1.53 m (5 ft 0 in) Sarah Nasser Al-Sabea 15 March 2015 Muscat
 Mauritania 1.52 m (4 ft 11 34 in) i Badia Kamara 23 January 2012 Doha
 Oman 1.50 m (4 ft 11 in) Buthayna Ayed Al-Yacoobi 11 July 2013 Debrecen
 Qatar 1.45 m (4 ft 9 in) i Fayza Abdulnaser Omar 26 February 2010 Doha
 Kosovo 1.40 m (4 ft 7 in) Mimoza Sefedini 8 September 2013 Mitrovica
Merlinda Kryetziu 23 April 2017 Skopje
 Bhutan 1.36 m (4 ft 5 12 in) Dawa Palden 8 July 2016 Thimphu [68]
 American Samoa 1.35 m (4 ft 5 in) Jordan Mageo 20 February 2016 Claremont [110]
 Afghanistan 1.11 m (3 ft 7 12 in) Asma Mohammadi 22 September 2016 Rjukan

See also

Notes and references

  • The Complete Book of Track and Field, by Tom McNab
  • The World Almanac and Book of Facts, 2000
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