Health problems of musicians

Musicians experience a number of health problems related to the practice and performance of music.

Health Conditions

The most common injury type suffered by musicians is repetitive strain injury (RSIs). A survey of orchestral performers found that 64–76% had significant RSIs.[1] Other types of musculoskeletal disorders, such as carpal tunnel syndrome and focal dystonia, are also common.[2]

Non-musculoskeletal problems include contact dermatitis, hearing problems such as tinnitus, respiratory disorders or pneumothorax, increased intraocular pressure, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and psychological issues such as performance anxiety.[2]

Musicians may suffer tinnitus and hearing disorders due to exposure to loud music, such as hyperacusis or diplacusis.[3][4][5] They also are at an increased risk of having problems with the stomatognathic system, in particular mouth and teeth, which may in some cases lead to permanent injuries that prevent the musicians from playing.[6] There is little consistency across the hearing healthcare sector with respect to care of musicians' hearing and provision of hearing protection.[7]

Woodwind instrumentalists, in rare cases, suffer a condition known as hypersensitivity pneumonitis, also referred to as saxophone lung, can be caused by Exophiala infection. It is held that this can occur if instruments are not cleaned properly.[8]

References
  1. Mitchell T (2010). Longyear S (ed.). "A painful melody: repetitive strain injury among musicians" (PDF). Pittsburg State University.
  2. Heinan M (April 2008). "A review of the unique injuries sustained by musicians". JAAPA. 21 (4): 45–6, 48, 50 passim. doi:10.1097/01720610-200804000-00015. PMID 18468369.
  3. Kardous CA, Themann CL, Morata TC, Reynolds J, Afanuh S (2015). "Workplace Solutions: Reducing the Risk of Hearing Disorders among Musicians" (PDF). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  4. Behar A, Chasin M, Mosher S, Abdoli-Eramaki M, Russo FA (2018). "Noise exposure and hearing loss in classical orchestra musicians: A five-year follow-up". Noise & Health. 20 (93): 42–46. doi:10.4103/nah.NAH_39_17 (inactive 2020-03-09). PMC 5926315. PMID 29676294.
  5. Di Stadio, Arianna; Dipietro, Laura; Ricci, Giampietro; Della Volpe, Antonio; Minni, Antonio; Greco, Antonio; de Vincentiis, Marco; Ralli, Massimo (2018). "Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, Hyperacusis, and Diplacusis in Professional Musicians: A Systematic Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 15 (10): 2120. doi:10.3390/ijerph15102120. ISSN 1660-4601. PMC 6209930. PMID 30261653.
  6. Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Sáez-Yuguero MR, Bermejo-Fenoll A (September 2011). "Orofacial problems in musicians: a review of the literature". Medical Problems of Performing Artists. 26 (3): 150–6. PMID 21987070.
  7. McGinnity, Siobhan; Beach, Elizabeth Francis; Mulder, Johannes; Cowan, Robert (2018). "Caring for musicians' ears: insights from audiologists and manufacturers reveal need for evidence-based guidelines". International Journal of Audiology. 57 (sup1): S12–S19. doi:10.1080/14992027.2017.1405288. ISSN 1708-8186. PMID 29192525.
  8. Lallanilla M (2013-11-08). "What Is Saxophone Lung?". Live Science. Retrieved 2017-01-16.
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