Gyōdō

Gyōdō (行道) is a Japanese Buddhist ceremony.

Ceremonies

Gyōdō may refer to three distinct ceremonies: ritual circumambulation of temple buildings or images while chanting sutras; masked processions during memorial services; and, in Pure Land Buddhism, reenactments of the descent of Amida.[1] Gyōdō ceremonies still take place annually on May 14 at Taima-dera, where they are also known as mukaekō (迎講) or nerikuyō (練供養).[2][3][4]

Masks
A Gyōdō mask from the Heian period at the Guimet Museum

Surviving masks include a pair of masks dating from 1086 and 1334 at Tōdai-ji (ICP);[5] a set of ten masks dating from 1138 for use in the shōryō-e (聖霊会) ceremonies at Hōryū-ji (ICP);[6] thirteen Heian-period masks from Mitsuki Hachimangū (御調八幡宮) (ICP);[7] a Kamakura-period mask of Tamonten at the Tokyo National Museum;[8] a thirteenth-century bodhisattva mask at the British Museum;[9] a Kamakura-period bodhisattva mask at the National Gallery of Victoria;[10] a fifteenth-century example at the Victoria and Albert Museum;[11] and a pre-modern mask at the Smithsonian Institution.[12] A late-Heian Taishakuten of uncertain provenance was auctioned by Christie's in 2010 for $20,000.[13]

See also

References
  1. Nishikawa Kyōtarō (1978). Bugaku Masks. Kodansha. pp. 96 f. ISBN 0870113127.
  2. Bryant, Gail Chin (1995). "The Mukaekō of Taimadera: A Case of Salvation Re-enacted". Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie. 8: 325–334.
  3. "Nerikuyou". Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  4. "年中行事" [Annual ceremonies]. Taima-dera. Archived from the original on 25 August 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  5. "木造行道面（蠅払）" [Wooden gyōdō masks]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  6. "木造行道面（聖霊会所用）" [Wooden gyōdō masks (for use in the shōryō-e)]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  7. "木造行道面" [Wooden gyōdō masks]. Agency for Cultural Affairs. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  8. "Masks". Tokyo National Museum. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  9. "Bodhisattva mask for Gyōdō". British Museum. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  10. "Gyodo mask of Bodhisattva". National Gallery of Victoria. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  11. "Buddhist mask". Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  12. "Gyodo mask". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  13. "A wood Gyodo Mask of Taishakuten". Christie's. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
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