Gulgula (doughnut)

Gulgula is traditional sweet made in different regions of India.It is one of the most popular sweets in the market places,[1] it is traditionally made on specific festive occasions in rural areas.[2][3] They are common in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh,[4] Bihar, Punjab, Odisha, and are also made by overseas Indians in Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Suriname, Mauritius, the United States, South Africa, and Fiji.[5][6]

Gulgule are often but not always round

They are similar to donut holes in USA, and are very simple to make. They use ordinary wheat flour, sugar (traditionally jaggery), and occasionally spices (fennel seeds are common) for flavoring.[7] Yogurt, banana pulp, yeast or baking powder may be used. They are fried in oil or ghee just like donuts. It's another name is PUA

History

Traditionally they were made with jaggery (gud गुड़). There is a popular Hindi expression - गुड़ खाना, गुलगुले से परहेज करना- they eat Gud, but avoid gulgulas (that contain Gud).[8]

The gulgula confection was first mentioned in Pasanaha Cariu (Parshvanath Charit) of Vibudh Shridhar of 1132 AD.,[9] written during the Tomara rule in Delhi, shortly before establishment of the short Chauhan rule.

See also
Similar Indian food
  • Adhirasam are a Tamil sweet doughnut
  • Balushahi or Badushah, deep fried dough soaked in sugar syrup
  • Gulab jamun, buffalo milk–based quick dough that is deep fried and floated in sweet syrup
  • Imarti, deep fried fermented dough dipped in syrup with many twists and turns
  • Jalebi, deep fried fermented dough dipped in syrup with twists
  • Malpua, a related sweet which is flat and is sometimes dipped in syrup
  • Vadai are savoury rings of dough made from lentils that are popular in South India
Similar food within Greater India
  • Binangkal, type of gulgula in Philippines coated with sesame seeds
Similar food elsewhere globally

References
  1. Rashtriya Naak, Vishnu Nagar, Rajkamal Prakashan Pvt Ltd, 2008 p. 89
  2. गुलगुले (मीठे) पुए, Nisha Madhulikadainik Bhaskar
  3. Hardoi: Sanskritik Gazetteer, Anjali Chauhan, Ayodhya Shodh Sansthan, Vani Prakashan, 2016 p. 150
  4. कुरकुरे गुलगुले बनाने की विधि - Gulgule (Pue) - Laziz Khana
  5. Guyana Gulgula
  6. Gulgula Recipe, That Fiji Taste, Apr 3, 2017
  7. Recipes of all Nations, Countess Morphy, Herbert Joseph Ltd, 1923, p. 691
  8. गुड़ खाना गुलगुले से परहेज करना - मुहावरा अर्थ
  9. Pasanaha Cariu (Parshvanath-Charit) of Mahakavi Budh Sridhara, Ed/tr. Dr. Rajaram Jain, Bharatiya Jnanpith, 2006, Section 4/1/10, p. 270, 288
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