Gillian E. Wu
Gillian Elizabeth Wu (born 1943) is a Canadian Immunologist and the former Dean of Pure and Applied Science and Professor Emerita of York University.
Gillian Elizabeth Wu | |
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![]() Dean Emerita Gillian Wu in 2017 | |
Born | 1943 (age 76–77) London, England |
Citizenship | Canadian |
Alma mater | University of Toronto |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Immunology |
Institutions | Basel Institute for Immunology, University of Toronto, York University |
Thesis | Molecular Genetic Analysis of Some of the Requirements for Immunoglobulin Production: Studies of Myeloma Variants (1984) |
Doctoral advisor | Helios Murialdo |
Other academic advisors | Nobu Hozumi, Marc Shulman |
Early life and education
Wu was born in London, England and emigrated to Canada in 1951.[1] Her family settled in Southern Ontario, where her father was a shipbuilder and her mother was a homemaker who encouraged her children in their studies[1] She attended McMaster University for her undergraduate studies, and completed her MSc in medical biophysics at the University of Toronto in 1969 as the first female student of the program and the first female graduate.[2] She was supervised by Robert A Phillips. Her early interest in immunology was encouraged by Hardy Cinader.[1] In 1980, she commenced her PhD in medical genetics with Helios Murialdo, which resulted in four publications, including one in Cell[2][3]
Scientific career
Following her MSc, Wu worked as a technician at the Donner Radiation Labs in UC Berkeley, and lectured in microbiology and histology in Toronto.[4] After her PhD, she worked as a post-doctoral fellow at the Basel Institute for Immunology, then was recruited in 1986 to be an assistant professor in the new Department of Immunology at the University of Toronto.[4] She moved to the Wellesley Hospital Research Institute in 1993 and then later to Princess Margaret Hospital in 1998. She joined York University as dean of science and engineering in 2001, and retired in January 2015.[4]
Education
1984 Ph.D. Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto,
“Molecular Genetic Analysis of Immunoglobulin Production”
Supervisor: Professor Helios Murialdo
1969 M.Sc. Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto,
"Differentiation of Rosette-forming Cells from Clones of Hemopoietic Stem Cells”
Supervisor: Professor Robert A. Phillips
1967 B.Sc. Honours Biology, McMaster University
Academic Appointments
2008–present Life Member, Clare Hall, University of Cambridge
2007-2008 Visiting Fellow, Clare Hall, University of Cambridge
2006–Present Professor, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University
2001–Present Professor, Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON
2001–Present Adjunct Professor, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto
1999 Spring Visiting Professor, Gulbenkian Institute for Science, Oeiras, Portugal
1998 - 2001 Professor, Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
1998 - 2001 Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada
1996 - 2001 Professor, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto,
1996 Summer Visiting Scientist, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
1993 - 1998 Senior Scientist, The Wellesley Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
1991 - 1996 Associate Professor, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto,
1991 - 1993 Associate Professor, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1988 - 1991 Assistant Professor, Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1986 - 1991 Assistant Professor, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1984 - 1986 Member, Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel Switzerland
1975 - 1976 Research Associate, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
1969 - 1971 Biophysicist, Donner Laboratories, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Honours
2003 Aventis Pasteur CSI Bernhard Cinader Prize for Research and Education
1994 - 1999 Scientist, Medical Research Council of Canada
1989 - 1994 Scholar, Medical Research Council of Canada
1980 - 1984 Studentship, Medical Research Council of Canada,
1968 - 1969 Graduate Scholarship, Medical Research Council of Canada
1967 - 1968 Graduate Scholarship, National Research Council of Canada
Research
Wu studies how diversity in antigen-specific B-cell and T-cell receptors are generated. As part of her PhD research, she identified a natural mutation in a cell line that inhibited the secretion of immunoglobulins (Ig).[3] Research in her laboratory determined that variation in the strength of V(D)J recombination signal sequence affects the pattern of Ig gene rearrangement and expression.[5] She also examines the role of the immune system in autoimmune diseases[6] and cancers.
Wu's research focuses on the mechanisms of normal and abnormal development in the immune system. To this end, her research is directed in two major areas: 1. Understanding normal B Cell development with particular emphasis on the process of V(D)J recombination; and 2. Understanding abnormal development in the immune system with particular emphasis on studying human cancers and autoimmune diseases. Approaches include in vivo and bioinformatics analyses.
Some of her most notable researches are: Targeted Disruption of the PU.1 Gene Results in Multiple Hematopoietic Abnormalities,[7] Hemokinin is a hematopoietic-specific tachykinin that regulates B lymphopoiesis,[8] Targeted expression of a human pituitary tumor-derived isoform of FGF receptor-4 recapitulates pituitary tumorigenesis,[9] Caspase-3 regulates cell cycle in B cells: A consequence of substrate specificity,[10] all of which she worked on with other scientists.
Personal life
She married Alan Ming-ta Wu, a fellow graduate student who was in Ernest McCulloch's laboratory.[1] They had two sons, Tim Wu and David Wu.[4]
Awards
- Hardy Cinader Award, 2003[1]
- John D. Reynolds Award, 2016[11]
References
- "Hardy Cinader Award" (PDF).
- "Dr Gillian Wu".
- Wu, G. E.; Hozumi, N.; Murialdo, H. (May 1983). "Secretion of a λ2 immunoglobulin chain is prevented by a single amino acid substitution in its variable region". Cell. 33 (1): 77–83. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(83)90336-7. PMID 6432336.
- "Wu Bio" (PDF).
- Ramsden, D. A.; Wu, G. E. (December 1991). "Mouse kappa light-chain recombination signal sequences mediate recombination more frequently than do those of lambda light chain". PNAS. 88 (23): 10721–10725. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.23.10721. PMC 53002. PMID 1961738.
- Da Sylva, Tanya R.; Connor, Alison; Mburu, Yvonne; Keystone, Edward; Wu, Gillian E. (April 2005). "Somatic mutations in the mitochondria of rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes". Arthritis Research & Therapy. 7 (4): R844–51. doi:10.1186/ar1752. PMC 1175034. PMID 15987486.
- McKercher, S. R.; Torbett, B. E.; Anderson, K. L.; Henkel, G. W.; Vestal, D. J.; Baribault, H.; Klemsz, M.; Feeney, A. J.; Wu, G. E.; Paige, C. J.; Maki, R. A. (1996-10-01). "Targeted disruption of the PU.1 gene results in multiple hematopoietic abnormalities". The EMBO Journal. 15 (20): 5647–5658. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00949.x. ISSN 0261-4189.
- Zhang, Yu; Lu, Liwei; Furlonger, Caren; Wu, Gillian E.; Paige, Christopher J. (November 2000). "Hemokinin is a hematopoietic-specific tachykinin that regulates B lymphopoiesis". Nature Immunology. 1 (5): 392–397. doi:10.1038/80826. ISSN 1529-2916. PMID 11062498.
- Ezzat, Shereen; Zheng, Lei; Zhu, Xian-Feng; Wu, Gillian E.; Asa, Sylvia L. (2002-01-01). "Targeted expression of a human pituitary tumor–derived isoform of FGF receptor-4 recapitulates pituitary tumorigenesis". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 109 (1): 69–78. doi:10.1172/JCI14036. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 150823. PMID 11781352.
- Woo, Minna; Hakem, Razqallah; Furlonger, Caren; Hakem, Anne; Duncan, Gordon S.; Sasaki, Takehiko; Bouchard, Denis; Lu, Liwei; Wu, Gillian E.; Paige, Christopher J.; Mak, Tak W. (October 2003). "Caspase-3 regulates cell cycle in B cells: a consequence of substrate specificity". Nature Immunology. 4 (10): 1016–1022. doi:10.1038/ni976. ISSN 1529-2916. PMID 12970760.
- "John D Reynolds Award".