GAZ-66

The GAZ-66 is a Soviet and later Russian 4x4 all-road (off-road) military truck produced by GAZ. It was one of the main cargo vehicles for motorized infantry of the Soviet Army and is still employed in former Soviet Union countries[1]. It is nicknamed shishiga (шишига) shehsherik (шешерик) trueman (in Siberia).

GAZ-66

Almost one million vehicles of this type were built for both military and civil use. The GAZ-66 has gained legendary status in many countries around the world due to its reliability, simplicity and off-road capability[2]. Thanks to standard features, such as a front-mounted winch, Central Tire Inflation System (CTIS) and self-locking differentials, the GAZ-66 is extremely popular worldwide with armed forces and off-road enthusiasts[3]. Production ceased in 1999, with the GAZ-3308 being produced instead.

Basic versions
Gaz-66 based fire engine
GAZ-66 tanker
GAZ-66 with KUNG body.
GAZ-66 platform truck
GAZ-66 in Russian military service
GAZ-66 in military service with the PAIGC liberation movement in Guinea-Bissau, 1973
  • GAZ-66-1 (1964-1968) - the first model with no centralized system for adjusting the air pressure in the tires
  • GAZ-66A (1964-1968) - with a winch
  • GAZ-34 - a 6 × 6 prototype
  • GAZ-66B (1966) - Paratrooper version with telescopic steering column, folding roof and folding windshield frame
    • BM-21V "Grad-V" (Vozdushnodesantiy – 'airborne') (NATO designation M1975): Developed for airborne troops in 1969. A GAZ-66B four-by-four truck chassis is fitted with a 12-round 122 mm rocket launcher. The vehicle is sturdy enough to be air-dropped. Parts of the vehicle such as the canvas cab roof can be taken off or folded down to reduce its size during transit. Like the BM-21, the BM-21V has stabilizing jacks on the rear of the vehicle for support when firing. The launch vehicle has the industrial index of 9P125.
  • GAZ-66D (1964-1968) - the chassis with a power take-off
  • GAZ-66P - tractor (experimental)
  • GAZ-66E (1964-1968) - with shielded electrical equipment
  • GAZ-66-01 (1968-1985) - the base model with a centralized control system for tire pressure
  • GAZ-66-02 (1968-1985) - with a winch
  • GAZ-66-03 (1964-1968) - with shielded electrical equipment
  • GAZ-66-04 (1968-1985) - the chassis with shielded electrical equipment
  • GAZ-66-05 (1968-1985) - with shielded electrical equipment and a winch
  • GAZ-66-11 (1985-1996) - upgraded base model
  • GAZ-66-12 (1985-1996) - with a winch
  • GAZ-66-14 (1985-1996) - the chassis with shielded electrical equipment and a power take-off

Military versions
  • GAZ-66-15 (1985-1996) - with shielded electrical equipment and a winch
  • GAZ-66-16 (1991-1993) - modernized version with ZMZ-513.10, reinforced tires (wheels - lean), completed the brakes, the platform without intruding wheel niches (also installed on GAZ-66-11 and GAZ-66-40 ), load capacity 2.3 tons
  • GAZ-66-21 (1993-1995) - the national-economic modification with the dual tires and rear axle wooden platform GAZ-53, load capacity 3.5 tons
  • GAZ-66-31 - chassis for trucks
  • GAZ-66-41 (1992-1995) - a naturally aspirated GAZ-544 diesel engine
  • GAZ-66-40 (1995-1999) - with a GAZ-5441 turbodiesel
  • GAZ-66-92 (1987-1995) - for use in the far north
  • GAZ-66-96 - chassis for shift buses

Export versions
  • GAZ-66-51 (1968-1985)
  • GAZ-66-52 (1968-1985) - with a winch
  • GAZ-66-81 (1985-1995) - for countries with a temperate climate
  • GAZ-66-91 (1985-1995) - for countries with a tropical climate

Specialised versions
  • AP-2 - aid station, the main transport unit regimental aid station.
  • AS-66 - ambulance, designed to evacuate the wounded.
  • DDA-2 - disinfecting shower installation, is used in the military (sometimes civil) sanitary-epidemiological units.
  • GZSA-731, 983A, 947, 3713, 3714 - Vans "Mail", "bread" and "Medicine"
  • MZ-66 - Lube.
  • 3902, 3903, 39021, 39031 - mobile workshops to provide technical assistance to agricultural machinery.
  • 2001, 2002, 3718, 3719, 3716, 3924, 39521 - mobile clinics
  • NZAS-3964, Volgar-39461 - watch buses
  • GAZ-SAZ-3511 - tipper for agricultural purposes on the GAZ-66-31 (build - Saransk).
  • GAZ-KAZ-3511 - tipper for agricultural purposes on GAZ-66-31 (build - Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan)

Specifications

Specifications for GAZ 66-11[4][5]

Design
  • Cab-forward design, 2-seat cab + 21 passengers in the back.
  • Payload: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) plus the same weight trailer
  • Suspension: Solid axles with leaf springs
Engine
  • Type- ZMZ-66-06 V8 petrol (carburetor) OHV engine
  • Displacement: 4,254 cc (Bore 92 mm (3.622 in), Stroke 80 mm (3.150 in))
  • Compression ratio: 7.6:1
  • Output: 120 hp (89 kW) @ 3,200 rpm
  • Torque: 284.5 N⋅m (210 lbf⋅ft) @ 2,000-2200 rpm
  • Max. speed- 90 km/h (56 mph)(speed governed)
Brakes
  • Type: Drums, with hydraulic control, single circuit, servo assisted
  • Stopping distance from 20 mph: 27'
Measurements
  • L×W×H: 5,805 mm (19 ft 1 in) x 2,322 mm (7 ft 7 in) x 2,490 mm (8 ft 2 in)(cab) / 2,520 mm (8 ft 3 in)(tent)
  • Wheelbase: 3,300 mm (129.92 in)
  • Track front/rear: 1,820 mm (71.65 in)/1,750 mm (68.90 in)
  • Curb weight: 3,440 kg (7,580 lb)
  • Fuel tanks: 2 x 105 l (23 imp gal; 28 US gal)
  • Fuel economy: 31.5 l/100 km (9 mpg‑imp; 7 mpg‑US)
Maneuverability
  • Turning circle: 9.5 m (31 ft)
  • Approach angle: 41°
  • Departure angle: 32°
  • Max. ascent angle: 31–37° (fully loaded)
  • Ground clearance: 315 mm (12 in)
  • Fording depth: 1 m (39 in)
Tires
  • Size: 12–18"
  • Pressure: Adjustable with central tyre inflation system from cab
Soviet stamp, 1971
  • In the 2010 game Call of Duty: Black Ops, the GAZ 66 is used as a transport for guards in the level "Vorkuta".
  • It is mentioned in the 1991 Tom Clancy novel The Sum Of All Fears.
  • In the Russian version of the TV show Top Gear, a test was conducted on the vehicle's strengths: the body had building rubble dropped on it, it was set on fire and submerged in water. After all these tests, it kept going.
  • The GAZ-66 was featured in the movie The Expendables 2 with Jean-Claude Van Damme.
  • The GAZ-66 is a truck in the game Spintires: MudRunner with the name of B-66 due to copyright claims
  • In the 2019 HBO TV miniseries Chernobyl, the truck is used by Gen. Col. Vladimir Pikalov, commander of the Soviet Chemical Troops, to carry out a radiation measuring at the damaged power plant, with high-range dosimeter placed at the front and lead sheets covering the cabin.

References
  1. "GAZ-66 Light Utility Truck | Military-Today.com". www.military-today.com. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  2. "Maybe the best Soviet truck, Legend of Soviet Union – GAZ-66 | English Russia". Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  3. "Russian 4wd truck GAZ-66 for hunters and off-road travelers | Auto Classifieds |". Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  4. "GAZ-66 | Weaponsystems.net". weaponsystems.net. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  5. "Основные ТТХ серийного ГАЗ-66-11 (1985–1996)".
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