Family values

Family values, sometimes referred to as familial values, are traditional or cultural values that pertain to the family's structure, function, roles, beliefs, attitudes, and ideals.

For other uses, see Family values (disambiguation).

In the social sciences and U.S. political discourse, the term "traditional family" refers to a nuclear family—a child-rearing environment composed of a breadwinning parent, a homemaking parent, and their normally biological children; sociologists formerly referred to this model as the norm. A family deviating from this model is considered a nontraditional family. However, in most cultures at most times, the extended family model has been most common, not the nuclear family,[1] and the nuclear family became the most common form in the U.S. in the 1960s and 1970s.[2]

Definition

Several well-known online dictionaries define "family values" as the following:

  • "the moral and ethical principles traditionally upheld and passed on within a family, as fidelty, honesty, truth, and faith."[3]
  • "values especially of a traditional or conservative kind which are held to promote the sound functioning of the family and to strengthen the fabric of society."[4]
  • "values held to be traditionally taught or reinforced within a family, such as those of high moral standards and discipline."[5]

In politics
Main article: Familialism

Familialism or familism is the ideology that puts priority on family and family values.[6] Familialism prioritizes the needs of the family over the needs of individuals, and advocates for a welfare system where families, rather than the government, take responsibility for the care of their members.[6]

In the United States, the banner of family values has been used by social conservatives to express opposition to abortion, same-sex marriage, and certain specific feminist objectives in politics.[7] American conservative groups have made inroads promoting these policies in Africa since the early 2000s, describing them as African family values.[8]

In culture

Saudi culture

Interpretations of Islamic learnings and Arab culture are common for the majority of Saudis. Islam is a driving cultural force that dictates a submission to the will of God.[9] The academic literature suggests that the family is regarded as the main foundation of Muslim society and culture; the family structure and nature of the relationship between family members are influenced by the Islamic religion.[10] Marriage in Saudi culture means the union of two families, not just two individuals.[11] In Muslim society, marriage involves a social contract that occurs with the consent of parents or guardians. Furthermore, marriage is considered the only legitimate outlet for sexual desires, and sex outside marriage (fornication) is a crime that is punished under Islamic law.[12] This view of marriage is similar to the Western Christian view of marriage, created in 12th century France, which promised salvation, sex without sin, and much more.[13]

The Saudi family includes extended families, as the extended family provides the individual with a sense of identity. The father is often the breadwinner and protector of the family, whereas the mother is often the homemaker and the primary caretaker of the children.[14] Parents are regarded with high respect, and children are strongly encouraged to respect and obey their parents.[15] Often, families provide care for elders. Until recently, because families and friends are expected to provide elderly care, nursing homes were considered culturally unacceptable.[16]

United States culture

In sociological terms, nontraditional families make up the majority of American households.[17] As of 2014, only 46% of children in the U.S. live in a traditional family, down from 61% in 1980.[18] This number includes only families with parents who are in their first marriage, whereas the percentage of children simply living with two married parents is 65% as of 2016.[19] However, there are many who hold that the nuclear family is the fabric that holds society together and work to promote stronger family values.

See also

References
  1. "Parenting Myths And Facts". Npr.org. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  2. bebusinessed (3 January 2017). "History of Nuclear Families". Bebusinessed.com. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  3. "family values". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
  4. "family values". Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, Inc. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
  5. "family values". Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
  6. Emiko Ochiai, Leo Aoi Hosoya (2014). Transformation of the Intimate and the Public in Asian Modernity. The Intimate and the Public in Asian and Global Perspectives. BRILL. pp. 20–1. ISBN 9789004264359.
  7. Dowland, Seth (2015). Family Values and the Rise of the Christian Right. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 9780812247602.
  8. McEwen, Haley (May 25, 2017). "Nuclear power: The family in decolonial perspective and 'pro-family' politics in Africa". Development Southern Africa. 34 (6): 738–751. doi:10.1080/0376835X.2017.1318700.
  9. Peachy, William S. (1999). A brief look upon Islam. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Darussalam Publishers and Distributors. p. 48. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
  10. Mutair, A; Plummer, V; O'Brien, A; Clerehan, R (2014). "Providing culturally congruent care for Saudi patients and their families". Contemporary Nurse: A Journal for the Australian Nursing Profession. 46 (2): 254–258. doi:10.5172/conu.2014.46.2.254. PMID 24787260.
  11. Khalaf, I; Callister, L (1997). "Cultural meanings of childbirth: Muslim women living in Jordan". Journal of Holistic Nursing. 4 (15): 373–388.
  12. Lemu, A; Heeren, F (1992). Women in Islam. Leicester, England: The Islamic Foundation.
  13. McDougall, Sara (2013). "The Making of Marriage in Medieval France". Journal of Family History. 38 (2): 103–121. doi:10.1177/0363199013484680.
  14. Luna, J (1989). "Transcultural nursing care of Arab Muslims". Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 1 (1): 22–26. doi:10.1177/104365968900100105. PMID 2803661.
  15. Ghazwi, F.; Nock, L. (1989). "Religion as mediating force in the effects of modernization on parent–child relations in Jordan". Middle Eastern Studies. 25 (3): 363–369. doi:10.1080/00263208908700786.
  16. Luna, J (1989). "Transcultural nursing care of Arab Muslims". Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 1 (1): 22–26. doi:10.1177/104365968900100105. PMID 2803661.
  17. Panasenko, N (2013). "Czech and Slovak Family Patterns and Family Values in Historical, Social and Cultural Context". Journal of Comparative Family Studies. 44 (1): 79–98. doi:10.3138/jcfs.44.1.79.
  18. "Fewer than half of US kids live in 'traditional' family". Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  19. Bureau, US Census. "The Majority of Children Live With Two Parents, Census Bureau Reports". The United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 4 January 2019.

Further reading
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