Eleanor de Guzmán

Eleanor de Guzmán (Leonor) (1310–1351) was a Castilian noblewoman and long-term mistress to Alfonso XI of Castile. She was the mother of King Henry II of Castile.

Eleanor de Guzmán
Guzmán bidding farewell to her son Fadrique Alfonso before her execution
Born1310
Seville
Died1351 (aged 40–41)
Abderrahman III Castle, Talavera de la Reina
BuriedColegiata de Santa María, Talavera de la Reina
Spouse(s)Juan de Velasco
Issue
FatherPedro Núñez de Guzmán
MotherBeatriz Ponce de León

Life

De Guzmán was the daughter of nobleman Pedro Núñez de Guzmán and his wife, Beatriz Ponce de León, a great-granddaughter of King Alfonso IX of León. Her parents married her off as a young girl to Juan de Velasco.

De Guzmán's husband died in 1328, at twenty years old. Soon thereafter, in Seville she met King Alfonso XI. He was so impressed by her beauty that he made her his mistress. He preferred De Guzmán to his wife Maria of Portugal, daughter of Alfonso IV of Portugal, whom he married in 1328. After Maria's son and heir, the future Peter of Castile, was born in 1334, Alfonso left Maria and lived with De Guzmán instead. The humiliated queen resented her unfaithful husband and asked him to cease his public displays of preference for his mistress. The king ignored his wife's pleas, and gave De Guzmán Huelva, Tordesillas, and Medina-Sidonia in addition to other holdings. He also established De Guzmán's household in Seville where she was allowed to hear political matters. The court was increasingly troubled by Alfonso's behavior and as a result, the Pope intervened by forcing Portugal to invade Castile.

The King died on 27 March 1350 and was succeeded by his heir Peter and his wife Maria who served as regent. Maria had not forgotten the myriad slights that she had endured because of her husband's love for his mistress. Thirsting for revenge, Maria imprisoned De Guzmán, and later ordered the execution of her rival in 1351 in the Arab castle of Abderrahman III of Talavera de la Reina.[1] De Guzmán's death only exacerbated the rift within the royal family. Her son Henry and Maria's son Peter continued to fight one another for control of Castile. Henry eventually won and was crowned King of Castile.

Children

De Guzmán was a common ancestor to the Catholic Monarchs. Three of her sons, Henry II of Castile,[2] Fadrique Alfonso[3] and Sancho Alfonso, 1st Count of Alburquerque[4] were ancestors of Ferdinand II of Aragon. In addition, Isabella I of Castile, wife of Ferdinand II of Aragon was descended from both De Guzmán and Maria, as follows: Henry II of Castile's grandson, Henry III of Castile, married Peter of Castile's granddaughter, Catherine of Lancaster; their son, John II of Castile, was the father of Isabella I of Castile.

Ancestors

References
  1. Translation from German Wikipedia
  2. Ferdinand II of Aragon, son of John II of Aragon, son of Ferdinand I of Aragon, son of John I of Castile, son of Henry II of Castile
  3. Ferdinand II of Aragon, son of Juana Enríquez, daughter of Fadrique Enríquez de Mendoza, son of Alonso Enríquez, son of Fadrique Alfonso
  4. Ferdinand II of Aragon, son of John II of Aragon, son of Eleanor of Alburquerque, daughter of Sancho Alfonso, 1st Count of Alburquerque
  5. de Sousa, Antonio Caetano (1735). Historia genealogica da casa real portugueza. Lisboa Occidental. p. 415.
  • Fuente, María Jesús. Reinas medievales en los reinos hipánicos. ISBN 84-9734-102-3.
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