Eating Disorder Inventory

The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) is a self-report questionnaire used to assess the presence of eating disorders, (a) Anorexia Nervosa both restricting and binge-eating/purging type; (b) Bulimia Nervosa; and (c) Eating disorder not otherwise specified including Binge Eating Disorder (BED). The original questionnaire consisted of 64 questions, divided into eight subscales.It was created in 1984 by David M. Garner et al.[1] There have been two subsequent revisions by Garner: the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3).

Eating Disorder Inventory
Purposeassessment of eating disorder

Diagnostic use

The Eating Disorder Inventory is a diagnostic tool designed for use in a clinical setting to assess the presence of an eating disorder. It is generally used in conjunction with other psychological tests such as the Beck Depression Inventory.[2] Depression has been shown to yield higher scores on the EDI-3.[3]

EDI

The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) comprises 64 questions, divided into eight subscales. Each question is on a 6-point scale (ranging from "always" to "never"), rated 0-3. The score for each sub-scale is then summed. The 8 subscale scores on the EDI are:

  • Drive for thinness (DT): An excessive concern with dieting, preoccupation with weight, and fear of weight gain
  • Bulimia: Episodes of binge eating and purging
  • Body dissatisfaction: Not being satisfied with one's physical appearance
  • Ineffectiveness: Assesses feelings of inadequacy, insecurity, worthlessness and having no control over their lives[4]
  • Perfectionism: Not being satisfied with anything less than perfect
  • Interpersonal distrust: Reluctance to form close relationships
  • Interoceptive awareness (IA): "Measures the ability of an individual to discriminate between sensations and feelings, and between the sensations of hunger and satiety"[5]
  • Maturity fears: The fear of facing the demands of adult life

EDI-2

The first revision of the EDI was in 1991.[6] The 1991 version, Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) is used for both males and females over age 12. The EDI-2 retains the original format of the EDI with the inclusion of 27 new items divided into three additional subscales:

  • Asceticism: Reflects the avoidance of sexual relationships
  • Impulse Regulation: Shows the ability to regulate impulsive behavior, especially the binge behaviour
  • Social Insecurity: Estimates social fears and insecurity

EDI-3

The latest revision to the Eating Disorder Inventory was released in 2004. It contains the original items of the first EDI as well as EDI-2, and was also enhanced to reflect more modern theories related to the diagnosis of eating disorders. It was designed for use with females ages 13–53 years, and can be administered in 20 minutes. It contains 91 items divided into twelve subscales rated on a 0-4 point scoring system. 3 items on the EDI-3 are specific to eating disorders, and 9 are general psychological scales that are relevant to eating disorders. The inventory yields six composite scores: Eating Disorder Risk, Ineffectiveness, Interpersonal Problems, Affective Problems, Overcontrol, and General Psychological Maladjustment.

EDI-3SC

The Eating Disorder Symptom Checklist (EDI-3SC) is a separate self-report form used to measure the frequency of symptoms (i.e., binge eating; the use of laxatives, diet pills; exercise patterns). The information provided by the EDI-3SC aids in determining whether the patient meets the diagnostic criteria as set forth in the Diagnostic and Statical Manual of Mental Disorders IV-TR (DSM-IV) for an eating disorder.

EDI-3RF

The Eating Disorder Referral Form (EDI-3RF) is an abbreviated form of the EDI-3 for use in non-clinical settings such as the allied health professions. It contains 25 questions from the EDI-3 that are specific to eating disorder risk. It also includes questions specific to the behavioral patterns of someone with or at risk of developing an eating disorder. The EDI-3RF utilizes referral indexes based on Body Mass Index (BMI) in identifying at risk patients.

See also

References
  1. Garner, David M.; Olmstead, Marion; Polivy, Janet (Spring 1983). "Development and validation of a multidimensional eating disorder inventory for anorexia nervosa and bulimia". International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2 (2): 15–34. doi:10.1002/1098-108x(198321)2:2<15::aid-eat2260020203>3.0.co;2-6. Archived from the original on 2012-10-18. Retrieved 7 December 2009.
  2. Psychosomatic Medicine 68:454.462
  3. Psychiatry Volume 18, Issue 3, May,2003
  4. International Journal of Eating DisordersVolume 4 Issue 4, Pages 511 - 523 Published Online: 13 Feb 2006 Sense of ineffectiveness in women with eating disorders
  5. Psychopathology Vol 37, No.4, 2004.
  6. Garner, D. M. (1991). EDI-2. Eating disorder inventory-2. Professional manual.
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