Hellenic Vehicle Industry

Hellenic Vehicle Industry (ELVO) is a Greek vehicle manufacturer based in Thessaloniki.

Hellenic Vehicle Industry S.A.

Native name	Greek: Ελληνική Βιομηχανία Οχημάτων Α.Β.Ε.
Romanized name	Elliniki Viomihania Ohimaton
Type	S.A.
Industry	Automotive
Predecessor	Steyr Hellas S.A. (1972-1987)
Founded	1972 (1972) in Thessaloniki
Headquarters	Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia , Greece
Area served	Europe
Key people	Papakostas Demetrios (Chairman and CEO)[1]
Products	Buses Trucks Military vehicles
Revenue	€108.2 million (end 2012)
Operating income	€17.16 million (end 2012)
Net income	€19.27 million (end 2012)
Total assets	€69.56 million (end 2012)
Total equity	€31.99 million (end 2012)
Owner	Government of Greece (51%)
Number of employees	380[2] (2015)
Website	www.elvo.gr
Footnotes / references Hellenic Vehicle Industry did not release financial results in 2012, 2013, or 2014[2]

ELVO HMMWV M1114GR (2003), developed for Hellenic Vehicle Industry by Plasan Sasa.

It started business as Steyr Hellas S.A. assembling and manufacturing trucks, motorbikes and farm tractors (Steyr and Puch models). Significant orders for trucks and buses by the Greek Army and state authorities soon gave momentum to the company. The tractor division declined in the 1980s, as the company focused on military vehicles; in 1986 it changed its name to Hellenic Vehicle Industry S.A..

The Greek company's first original designs were a 3-tonne truck in 1980 (not industrially produced) and a military bus (chassis and body) in 1981. In the same year it undertook the construction of "its own" Leonidas Armored Personnel Carrier (in fact Steyr’s 4K 7FA model built with minor modifications, again with progressively increasing local content). In 1987 Hellenic Vehicle Industry introduced Leonidas-2, this time with significant modifications of its own. Hundreds were built, while a number of different versions were proposed.

In the years that followed, Hellenic Vehicle Industry became a major producer of military and civilian trucks for a variety of uses (all based on Steyr models), engines (Steyr types, many for export to the Austrian company itself), military jeeps (Mercedes-Benz G-Class under licence), customized vehicles and machinery, and buses, with significant exports. Production of buses usually involved body construction on imported chassis; only a few models actually included complete ELVO chassis design and construction, among them the Midas and Europe models of 1993, and a number of military bus types. ELVO-bodied Scania L113 buses exported to Trans-Island Bus Services, Singapore in 1996 were welcomed by that country’s press as the first low-floor buses in the wider region.

A number of ambitious plans for company development and new products were not realized, as the state character of the company linked it to effects from government changes and mismanagement. Although it pulled out of a 1988 agreement with Steyr for an Armored Infantry Fighting Vehicle Development, Hellenic Vehicle Industry rather surprised many in 1998, introducing a particularly advanced Armored Infantry Fighting Vehicle of its own design and development, named Kentaurus. However, the vehicle to this date has not been ordered by the Greek military due to reduced budgets. Another step towards original developments was its initiative for the creation of a light sports car, which was assigned to TWT (an engineering company created in Germany by Greek engineer Dimitris Vartziotis, with facilities in Germany and Greece). The prototype of the ELVO Aletis (meaning "tramp" in Greek), an attractive car designed by Pininfarina with Volkswagen engine, was introduced in the Internationale Automobil-Ausstellung in Frankfurt in 2001, but was never produced.

In 2000, Hellenic Vehicle Industry was partly privatised, when the Greek Mytilineos metal and engineering group acquired 43% and undertook the company management. The company faced severe financial problems due to reduced orders in 2009, after production (in cooperation with a number of Greek companies) of 140 Leopard 2 Hel MBTs under licence of Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW), had been completed. The management of the company reverted to the Greek state in 2010.[2]

The Greek state petitioned to put Hellenic Vehicle Industry into receivership in January 2014. By 2015, the company was in the process of being dissolved. However, in April 2015 the dissolution had been frozen as the Greek government sought to find a private buyer for the company, citing its strategic importance to the Greek defence industrial base.[2]