Dorothy Speckard

Dorothy Speckard or Speckart or Spekarde (1566-1656), courtier, milliner, silkwoman, and worker in the wardrobe of Elizabeth I of England, Anne of Denmark, and Henrietta Maria.

Career

Dorothy Speckard was the daughter of William Acton of Worcestershire.[1] She was baptised at Areley Kings, Worcestershire on 10 October 1566.[2] She married Abraham Speckard (d. 1642), a gentleman or merchant in London, the couple were wealthy.

Queen Elizabeth

She was ranked as a "Gentlewoman" and participated in gift exchange at Elizabeth's court. At New Year 1599/1600 the Speckards gave Queen Elizabeth a head veil of striped network, flourished with carnation silk and some embroidered "O"s. At the same time, Elizabeth Brydges, a maid of honour presented a doublet of network lawn, cut and tufted up with white knit-work, flourished with silver.[3] In 1605 she gave King James a shirt of fine Holland linen with band and cuffs of cut work. She was also called the queen's "silkewoman", in the king's household she was described as an "artificier", while her husband was the queen's milliner.[4]

She made veils, "tires" and "devices" for the queen and women of the court to wear in their hair, with other accessories including sleeves and ruffs. A particular speciality in the years 1601-1603 were pieces fashioned and woven from hair including; hair-braids, pyramids, globes, loops and tufts, to decorate the queen's wigs.[5]

Customers included Helena, Marchioness of Northampton,[6] and Phillipa Wotton, Lady Bacon for whom she mended a hood.[7]

Anne of Denmark

Anne of Denmark made her a "chamberer" of the bedchamber and a lady of her privy chamber. According to a surviving wardrobe inventory, she received some of the clothes delivered to the queen, and on 30 May 1610 the queen gave her a black satin gown.[8]

In October 1607 Susan de Vere, Countess of Montgomery, a lady-in-waiting to Anna of Denmark took sick-leave from court. Her uncle Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury sent her a present for the queen. She wrote that "Mrs Speckerd" would make it up, as he had instructed, and she would present it to the queen when she was well.[9]

With Mary Mountjoy she made costumes for the masque Tethys' Festival in 1610.[10]

In 1615 King James granted the couple rights in the Somerset manors of Norton St Philip and Hinton Charterhouse.[11]

When Anne of Denmark died in 1619 Speckard provided a veil for the funeral effigy, and walked in the procession. An inventory was made of the queen's possessions at Somerset House and a red leather case with the queen's embroidered linen waistcoats and silk stockings was noted as "Mrs Speckarts charge", her responsibility.[12]

Abraham Speckard was involved in long-running Chancery case with debtors including Sir John Kennedy, the husband of Elizabeth Brydges.[13] He was an investor in the Somers Isles Company formed to colonise Bermuda.[14]

Later life

She worked as the "queen's starcher" to Henrietta Maria in 1626, and was rewarded with a gift of silver plate.[15]

In 1622 the couple bought land adjacent to the church of St Giles in the Fields in London and built a house. Abraham Speckard donated a stained-glass window in 1628 depicting "Abraham and Isaac". In 1630 he paid for a new churchyard wall in 1630, in which there was a private door into their garden. In his will, he requested to be buried in the church under his pew, his body to be carried from his lodging "through the back part into the churchyard with decency".[16]

In 1647 she petitioned Parliament on account of her poverty and received a grant of £100, of which she was paid £75 on 16 November 1647.[17]

She died in 1656. The door in the churchyard wall was blocked up in 1670.

References
  1. W. Phillimore, The Visitation of Worcestershire, 1569 (Harleian Society, London, 1888), p. 7.
  2. https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/NR8C-PT1
  3. John Nichols, The progresses and public processions of Queen Elizabeth, vol. 3 (London, 1828), pp. 456-7.
  4. Transcription of 1604 Livery roll of the Royal Household, TNA LC1604/6/
  5. Janet Arnold, Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd (Leeds, 1988), pp. 226-7.
  6. Charles Angell Bradford, Helena, Marchioness of Northampton (London, 1936), pp. 280-281.
  7. 'Sir Nicholas Bacon Collection in the University of Chicago Library', MS. 3835, 27 April 1604.
  8. Jemma Field, 'The Wardrobe Goods of Anna of Denmark', Costume, 51:1 (March 2017), p. 20 & Supplement p. 44 no. 381.
  9. HMC Salisbury Hatfield, vol. 19 (London, 1965), p. 290.
  10. Martin Wiggins & Catherine Richardson, British Drama, 1533-1642: A Catalogue, vol. 5 (Oxford, 2012), p. 69.
  11. Colin Brett, 'The Manors of Norton St Philip and Hinton Charterhouse', Somerset Record Society, 93 (2007), p. 151.
  12. M. T. W. Payne, 'An inventory of Queen Anne of Denmark's 'stuffe' at Denmark House, 1619', Journal of the History of Collecting', 13:1 (2001), pp. 40, 44 fn. 75.
  13. The National Archive TNA Speckart v Ferrers, C 2/JasI/S15/33.
  14. J. H. Lefroy, Memorials of the Discovery and Early Settlement of The Bermudas or Somers Islands, vol. 1 (London, 1877), p. 100.
  15. 'Warrant to Sir Henry Mildmay, Master of the Jewels', Somerset Heritage Centre, reference; DD\MI/19/40.
  16. John Parton, Some Account of the Hospital and Parish of St. Giles in the Fields, Middlesex (London, 1822), pp. 215, 226, 356: 'Will of Abraham Speckart or Sneckart, Gentleman of Saint Giles in the Fields, Middlesex', 18 February 1642, TNA PROB 11/188/275.
  17. Journals of the House of Commons, vol. 5, p. 356: Notes & Queries, 2nd Series VII (March, 1859), p. 193.
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