David Magarshack

Magarshack was born in Riga, in present-day Latvia, at the time part of the Russian Empire. In 1920, he moved to the United Kingdom in order to study, as anti-Jewish laws made it difficult for him to pursue higher education in Russia.

After graduating from University College London with a degree in English Language and Literature in 1924, Magarshack attempted to make a career out of journalism, and then out of writing crime fiction, neither of which were successful. He gained British citizenship by naturalisation in 1931.

In early 1949, Magarshack was approached by E.V. Rieu, the editor of the Penguin Classics series, in order to translate Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment. Magarshack accepted the job for an advance of £200 and royalties of seven-and-a-half percent.[1] Over the next 13 years, Magarshack went on to become one of the most prolific contributors to the Classics series. His last translation for the series, Chekhov's Lady with Lapdog and Other Stories, was published in 1964, after which Magarshack ceased translation for the series due to the new series editor's preference for more scholarly translations.

Magarshack continued to translate both contemporary and classic Russian literature. In addition, Magarshack wrote extensively on translation theory, though most of this work would remain unpublished. Magarshack died in London in 1977.

Collections of Magarshack's writings, as well as his personal and professional correspondences, are held at the Leeds Russian Archive at the University of Leeds, as well as the Penguin archive at the University of Bristol.

The Nobel laureate Kazuo Ishiguro has identified Magarshack's translations as a significant influence on his writing style. In a 2005 interview with the British Council in Poland, Ishiguro stated:

I often think I’ve been greatly influenced by the translator, David Magarshack, who was the favourite translator of Russian writers in the 1970s. And often when people ask me who my big influences are, I feel I should say David Magarshack, because I think the rhythm of my own prose is very much like those Russian translations that I read.[2]

A more complete list of Magarshack's work can be found in Appendix 2 of McAteer (2017).[3]

• McAteer, Catherine (1 October 2017). A Study of Penguin’s Russian Classics (1950-1964) with Special Reference to David Magarshack (PDF) (PhD). University of Bristol. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
• Walkowitz, Rebecca (2007). "Unimaginable Largeness: Kazuo Ishiguro, Translation, and the New World Literature" (PDF). Novel: A Forum on Fiction. 40 (3): 216–239. doi:10.1215/ddnov.040030216. Retrieved 29 May 2020.

• The Magarshack Collection at the Leeds Russian Archive.