Daniel Hack Tuke

Daniel Hack Tuke (19 April 1827 – 5 March 1895) was an English physician and expert on mental illness.[1][2]

Daniel Hack Tuke

Family

Tuke came from a long line of Quakers from York who were interested in mental illness and concerned with those afflicted. His great-grandfather William Tuke and his grandfather Henry Tuke co-founded the Retreat, which revolutionized the treatment of insane people.

His father Samuel Tuke carried on the work of the York Retreat and reported on its methods and its results. Daniel's older brother James Hack Tuke (1819–1896) was the next overseer of the York Retreat. Daniel was the youngest son of Samuel Tuke and Priscilla Hack, his wife.

Tuke's son was the painter Henry Scott Tuke.

Career

In 1845 Daniel Tuke entered the office of a solicitor at Bradford, but in 1847 began work at the York Retreat. Entering St Bartholomew's Hospital in London in 1850, he became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1852, and graduated M.D. at Heidelberg in 1853.

In 1853 he visited a number of foreign asylums, and later returning to York he became visiting physician to the York Retreat and the York Dispensary, lecturing also to the York School of Medicine on mental diseases.

In 1859 ill health obliged him to give up his work, and for the next fourteen years he lived at Falmouth. In 1875, he settled in London as a specialist in mental diseases.

In 1858, in collaboration with John Charles Bucknill, he published a Manual of Psychological Medicine.[3], which was for many years regarded as a standard work on lunacy. In 1872 he published his most influential and popular book on the influence of the mind upon the body in health and disease.[4] In 1880 he became joint editor of the Journal of Mental Science.[5]. In 1892 – in cooperation with many others as contributors, including the French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot – he edited a Dictionary of Psychological Medicine in 2 volumes.[6]

Marriage

In 1853 he married Esther Maria Stickney (1826–1917). They had three children, the second son being Henry Scott Tuke RA (1858–1929).

Death

He died on 5 March 1895 and was buried at the Quaker Burial Ground, Saffron Walden.

Publications

Among his works were:

References
  1. Anonymous. Daniel Hack Tuke (obituary). Lancet 1895; 1: 718–719
  2. Digby, Anne. "Tuke, Daniel Hack (1827–1895)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27804. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. Bucknill JC, Tuke DH. A Manual of Psychological Medicine: Containing the History, Nosology, Description, Statistics, Diagnosis, Pathology, and Treatment of Insanity. With an Appendix of Cases. London / Philadelphia, J. Churchill / Blanchard and Lea 1858
  4. Tuke DH. Illustrations of the Influence of the Mind upon the Body in Health and Disease designed to elucidate the Action of Imagination. London, J. & A. Churchill 1872
  5.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Tuke". Encyclopædia Britannica. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 365.
  6. Tuke DH, ed. A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine giving the Definition, Etymology and Synonyms of the Terms used in Medical Psychology. Vol 1 and 2. London / Philadelphia, J. Churchill / P. Blakiston, Son & Co. 1892
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