Cyclopentadecanolide

Cyclopentadecanolide
Names
	IUPAC name Oxacyclohexadecan-2-one
	Other names Angelica lactone; Muskalactone; Muskolactone; Exaltolide; Pentalide; Pentadecanolide; Pentadecalactone; 15-Hydroxypentadecanoic acid, lactone; 15-Hydroxypentadecanoic acid-epsilon-lactone; Pentadecanoic acid, 15-hydroxy-, E-lactone; ω-Pentadecalactone; omega-Pentadecalactone; ω-Lactone; 2-Pentadecalone; Pentadecan-15-olide; 1,15-Pentadecanolide
Identifiers
CAS Number	106‐02‐5;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	205386;
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.050
EC Number	203‐354‐6;
PubChem CID	235414;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6044359 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H28O2/c16-15-13-11-9-7-5-3-1-2-4-6-8-10-12-14-17-15/h1-14H2 Key: FKUPPRZPSYCDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N; InChI=1/C15H28O2/c16-15-13-11-9-7-5-3-1-2-4-6-8-10-12-14-17-15/h1-14H2 Key: FKUPPRZPSYCDRS-UHFFFAOYAJ;
	SMILES O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO1;
Properties
Chemical formula	C15H28O2
Molar mass	240.387 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless crystals
Odor	Musklike
Density	0.940
Melting point	34 °C (93 °F; 307 K)[1]
Boiling point	98 °C (208 °F; 371 K)[2] at 0.02 Torr
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	Infobox references

Cyclopentadecanolide is a natural macrolide lactone and a synthetic musk.

Natural occurrence

Cyclopentadecanolide occurs in small quantities in angelica root essential oil and is responsible for its musklike odor.[3]

Production

Cyclopentadecanolide is produced synthetically by ring expansion of cyclotetradecanone. Another synthesis route is the depolymerization of polyesters of 15-hydroxypentadecanoic acid.[3]

Uses

Cyclopentadecanolide is used as a musklike perfume fixative in fine fragrances and as a flavoring agent.[4] It is a substitute for the extremely expensive animal musk.[3]

References

Morales-Serna, José Antonio; Sánchez, Ericka; Velázquez, Ricardo; Bernal, Jorge; García-Ríos, Eréndira; Gaviño, Rubén; Negrón-Silva, Guillermo; Cárdenas, Jorge (2010). "Highly efficient macrolactonization of ω-hydroxy acids using benzotriazole esters: synthesis of Sansalvamide A". Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. 8 (21): 4940. doi:10.1039/c0ob00161a. ISSN 1477-0520.
Bestmann, Hans Jürgen; Schobert, Rainer (1989). "Kumulierte Ylide XX.1Synthesen (E)-α,β-ungesättigter macrocyclischer Lactone durch intramolekulare Wittig-Olefinierung via Triphenylphosphoranylidenketen2". Synthesis (in German). 1989 (06): 419–423. doi:10.1055/s-1989-27271. ISSN 0039-7881.
Karl-Georg Fahlbusch; et al. (2007), "Flavors and Fragrances", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 75
George A. Burdock (2010), "ω-PENTADECALACTONE", Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients (6th ed.), Taylor & Francis, p. 1597

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[1] Morales-Serna, José Antonio; Sánchez, Ericka; Velázquez, Ricardo; Bernal, Jorge; García-Ríos, Eréndira; Gaviño, Rubén; Negrón-Silva, Guillermo; Cárdenas, Jorge (2010). "Highly efficient macrolactonization of ω-hydroxy acids using benzotriazole esters: synthesis of Sansalvamide A". Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. 8 (21): 4940. doi:10.1039/c0ob00161a. ISSN 1477-0520.

[2] Bestmann, Hans Jürgen; Schobert, Rainer (1989). "Kumulierte Ylide XX.1Synthesen (E)-α,β-ungesättigter macrocyclischer Lactone durch intramolekulare Wittig-Olefinierung via Triphenylphosphoranylidenketen2". Synthesis (in German). 1989 (06): 419–423. doi:10.1055/s-1989-27271. ISSN 0039-7881.

[fnf-3] Karl-Georg Fahlbusch; et al. (2007), "Flavors and Fragrances", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 75

[4] George A. Burdock (2010), "ω-PENTADECALACTONE", Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients (6th ed.), Taylor & Francis, p. 1597