Climate of Budapest

As per the 1981–2010 climatological norm, widely used in most other European countries, the climate in Budapest has shifted to an oceanic climate bordering a humid subtropical climate, with averages above 0 °C in the coldest month and above 22 °C in the warmest.[1]

Winter (December until early March) is the coldest and cloudiest time of year. Snowfall is fairly frequent in most years. The spring months (March and April) see variable conditions, with a rapid increase in the average temperature. Budapest's summer, lasting from June until September, is the warmest time of year. Sudden heavy showers also occur, particularly in May and June. The autumn in Budapest (mid-September until late October) is characterized by less rain than in summer and long sunny days.

Climate data for Budapest (1901-2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.1
(64.6)
19.7
(67.5)
25.4
(77.7)
30.2
(86.4)
34.0
(93.2)
39.5
(103.1)
40.7
(105.3)
39.4
(102.9)
35.2
(95.4)
30.8
(87.4)
22.6
(72.7)
19.3
(66.7)
40.7
(105.3)
Average high °C (°F) 1.2
(34.2)
4.5
(40.1)
10.2
(50.4)
16.3
(61.3)
21.4
(70.5)
24.4
(75.9)
26.5
(79.7)
26.0
(78.8)
22.1
(71.8)
16.1
(61.0)
8.1
(46.6)
3.1
(37.6)
15.0
(59.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −1.6
(29.1)
1.1
(34.0)
5.6
(42.1)
11.1
(52.0)
15.9
(60.6)
19.0
(66.2)
22.3
(72.1)
20.2
(68.4)
16.4
(61.5)
11.0
(51.8)
4.8
(40.6)
0.4
(32.7)
10.4
(50.7)
Average low °C (°F) −4.0
(24.8)
−1.7
(28.9)
1.7
(35.1)
6.3
(43.3)
10.8
(51.4)
13.9
(57.0)
15.4
(59.7)
14.9
(58.8)
11.5
(52.7)
6.7
(44.1)
2.1
(35.8)
−1.8
(28.8)
6.3
(43.3)
Record low °C (°F) −25.6
(−14.1)
−23.4
(−10.1)
−15.1
(4.8)
−4.6
(23.7)
−1.6
(29.1)
3.0
(37.4)
5.9
(42.6)
5.0
(41.0)
−3.1
(26.4)
−9.5
(14.9)
−16.4
(2.5)
−20.8
(−5.4)
−25.6
(−14.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 38
(1.5)
37
(1.5)
37
(1.5)
47
(1.9)
64
(2.5)
70
(2.8)
50
(2.0)
50
(2.0)
43
(1.7)
47
(1.9)
60
(2.4)
49
(1.9)
592
(23.6)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 55 84 137 182 230 248 274 255 197 156 67 48 1,933
Source: www.met.hu[2]

Seasons

Spring

Spring is characterized by abundant sunshine and scattered showers. The temperature starts to rise markedly in April, highs usually reach the 25 °C mark at the end of the month, though short cold spells with lows in the 0–5 °C zone and ground frost may strike even in mid-May.

Summer

In the summer, prolonged heat waves with highs between 32–35 °C interchange with short cooler and wet periods following cold fronts from the West with highs between 18–25 °C. Humidity is usually low in the summer, but may rise during more unsettled weather. In the residential suburbs, humidity is generally lower, leading to lower nighttime temperatures. In the asphalt jungle of Pest, however, temperatures above 25 °C at midnight are not uncommon. Thunderstorms, some of them violent with strong wind gusts and torrential rainfall, are not rare. The highest temperature ever recorded was 40.7 °C on July 20, 2007.[3]

Autumn

Highs can stay above 20 °C until the end of October. Nights get colder and the first frost arrives usually in the second week of October. Short cool spells vary with the Indian Summer that can last for several weeks. November brings abundant rain, sometimes snow and a drastic fall in temperature (a 10 °C fall throughout the month).

Winter

Winters are variable and unpredictable. Westerly winds bring mild oceanic air with highs between 5–10 °C, almost no frost and scattered rain or snow showers. Depressions moving in from the Mediterranean Sea can bring snowstorms with 20–40 cm falling in a single day, followed by cold air from Russia. Atlantic depressions and south wind can bring unusually warm weather with highs reaching 15 °C even in January. The Siberian high brings most years a sunny but very cold period lasting for a week or two with lows in the −15–20 °C range. Anticyclones with centres above Western Europe produce cold inversion fog with no change in day and nighttime temperatures, they stay around or a bit under 0 °C. The fog can last for weeks. Mediterranean depressions moving above the inversion fog layer can bring a day or two of freezing rain.[4][5][6]

References

  1. "Climate of Budapest" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-05-03.
  2. "Monthly Averages for Budapest, Hungary (based on data from 1901-2000)". Hungarian Meteorological Service. Retrieved 2008-09-26.
  3. "Magyarországi időjárási rekordok - Hungarian". Archived from the original on 2008-06-21. Retrieved 2008-09-25.
  4. "Az adatsorok éghajati elemzése - Hungarian". Archived from the original on 2008-09-17. Retrieved 2008-09-25.
  5. Weather; HarperCollinsPublishers, 2001; ISBN 0-00-220138-0
  6. The Rough Guide to Weather; Penguin Group; 2002; ISBN 1-85828-827-4
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