Sonora (genus)
Sonora is a small genus of small harmless colubrid snakes commonly referred to as ground snakes, which are endemic to North America.
| Sonora | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Western ground snake (Sonora semiannulata) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Subfamily: | Colubrinae |
| Genus: | Sonora Baird & Girard, 1853 |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Chionactis, Contia, Homalocranium, Homalosoma, Lamprosoma, Ogmius, Scolecophis | |
Geographic range
They range through central and northern Mexico, and the Southwestern United States.
Habitat
They are sand dwellers.[2]
Species
- Sonora aemula (Cope, 1879) – filetail ground snake
- Sonora annulatus (Baird, 1859) – Colorado Desert shovelnose snake
- Sonora cincta Cope, 1861
- Sonora episcopa Kennicott, 1859 – ground snake
- Sonora fasciata Cope, 1892 – variable sand snake, banded sand snake
- Sonora michoacanensis (Dugès, 1884) – Michoacán ground snake
- Sonora mutabilis Stickel, 1943 – Michoacán ground snake
- Sonora occipitalis (Hallowell, 1854) – western shovelnose snake
- Sonora palarostris (Klauber, 1937) – Sonoran shovelnose snake
- Sonora savagei Cliff, 1954 – Savage's sand snake[3]
- Sonora semiannulata Baird & Girard, 1853 – western ground snake
- Sonora straminea Cope, 1860 – variable sand snake, banded sand snake
- Sonora taylori (Boulenger, 1894) – Taylor's ground snake
References
- Wright AH, Wright AA (1957). Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada. Ithaca and London: Comstock. 1,105 pp. (in 2 volumes). ("Genus Sonora", p. 669 + Figures 21, 23, 24 on pp. 73, 77, 79, respectively).
- Goin CJ, Goin OB, Zug GR (1978). Introduction to Herpetology, Third Edition. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. xi + 378 pp. ISBN 0-7167-0020-4. (Subfamily Colubrinae, Genus Sonora, p. 324).
- Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Chilomeniscus savagei, p. 233).
External links
- Genus Sonora at The Reptile Database
Further reading
- Baird SF, Girard CF (1853). Catalogue of North American Reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part I.—Serpents. Washington, District of Columbia: Smithsonian Institution. xvi + 172 pp. (Sonora, new genus, p. 117).
- Conant R (1975). A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. xviii + 429 pp. ISBN 0-395-19979-4 (hardcover), ISBN 0-395-19977-8 (paperback). (Genus Sonora, p. 213).
- Schmidt KP, Davis DD (1941). Field Book of Snakes of the United States and Canada. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 365 pp. (Genus Sonora, p. 197).
- Smith HM, Brodie ED Jr (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. ISBN 0-307-13666-3 (paperback). (Genus Sonora, p. 166).
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