Captain Arturo Prat Base

Captain Arturo Prat Base is a Chilean Antarctic research station located at Iquique Cove, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

Prat Station
Arturo Prat Station
Base Naval Antartica Arturo Prat
Prat Station
Location of Prat Station in Antarctica
Coordinates: 62°28′44″S 59°39′52″W
Country Chile
Location in AntarcticaIquique Cove
Greenwich Island
South Shetland Islands
Administered byChilean Navy
Established6 February 1947 (1947-02-06)
Named forArturo Prat
Population
  Total
  • 8
TypeAll-year round
PeriodAnnual
StatusOperational
WebsiteBase Arturo Prat INACH

Opened February 6, 1947 by the First Chilean Antarctic Expedition, it is the oldest Chilean Antarctic station. Until March 1, 2006, it was a base of the Chilean Navy, on which date it was handed over to the regional government of Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region. Until February 2004, it had been a permanent base. Afterwards, it had served as a summer base for ionospheric and meteorologic research. There have been plans to reopen the station for permanent occupation starting March 2008. The base is named for Captain Arturo Prat, a Chilean naval officer.

Climate

The climate is maritime polar (Köppen: ET), being on the coast of the peninsula with very light standards than expected in Antarctica.[1][2] Extreme temperatures can reach -29 °C in July, which is still quite bearable to humans protected due to considerable moderation of the sea, a rare heat wave caused the temperature to reach 19 °C, relatively high value. The climate is quite humid for its location and of a certain amount distributed, even in the driest months it has the amount of rain or snow bigger than almost all the Mediterranean zone.[3]

Climate data for Captain Arturo Prat Base, elevation: 5 m or 16 ft, 1985-2011 seminormals
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 12.8
(55.0)
19.3
(66.7)
12.0
(53.6)
8.0
(46.4)
11.0
(51.8)
9.0
(48.2)
10.0
(50.0)
8.0
(46.4)
8.0
(46.4)
7.5
(45.5)
10.1
(50.2)
14.4
(57.9)
19.3
(66.7)
Average high °C (°F) 3.6
(38.5)
3.6
(38.5)
2.5
(36.5)
0.4
(32.7)
−0.9
(30.4)
−2.7
(27.1)
−3.3
(26.1)
−2.6
(27.3)
−1.7
(28.9)
−0.3
(31.5)
0.9
(33.6)
2.3
(36.1)
0.1
(32.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 1.7
(35.1)
1.8
(35.2)
0.7
(33.3)
−1.7
(28.9)
−3.1
(26.4)
−5.2
(22.6)
−6.2
(20.8)
−5.4
(22.3)
−4.3
(24.3)
−2.4
(27.7)
−0.8
(30.6)
0.5
(32.9)
−2.0
(28.3)
Average low °C (°F) 0.4
(32.7)
0.4
(32.7)
−1.0
(30.2)
−3.6
(25.5)
−5.3
(22.5)
−7.9
(17.8)
−9.2
(15.4)
−8.4
(16.9)
−7.0
(19.4)
−4.4
(24.1)
−2.3
(27.9)
−0.8
(30.6)
−4.1
(24.6)
Record low °C (°F) −8.8
(16.2)
−10.4
(13.3)
−13.0
(8.6)
−18.8
(−1.8)
−24.0
(−11.2)
−25.8
(−14.4)
−29.2
(−20.6)
−25.6
(−14.1)
−22.0
(−7.6)
−17.2
(1.0)
−9.6
(14.7)
−7.8
(18.0)
−29.2
(−20.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 63.8
(2.51)
55.5
(2.19)
70.3
(2.77)
56.1
(2.21)
48.4
(1.91)
39.1
(1.54)
38.6
(1.52)
31.8
(1.25)
43.2
(1.70)
47.9
(1.89)
69.7
(2.74)
57.1
(2.25)
621.5
(24.48)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 9.0 8.5 10.9 10.2 8.2 7.8 8.6 9.0 9.8 11.7 12.5 10.3 116.5
Source: Climatebase.ru[4]
Climate data for Captain Arturo Prat Base, elevation: 5 m or 16 ft, 1961-1990 normals, extremes 1958-present[lower-alpha 1]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8.1
(46.6)
8.8
(47.8)
9.1
(48.4)
5.0
(41.0)
5.8
(42.4)
4.2
(39.6)
3.9
(39.0)
3.2
(37.8)
4.9
(40.8)
4.9
(40.8)
6.0
(42.8)
9.7
(49.5)
9.7
(49.5)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 4.2
(39.6)
5.1
(41.2)
4.0
(39.2)
2.5
(36.5)
1.0
(33.8)
0.7
(33.3)
0.5
(32.9)
0.0
(32.0)
0.5
(32.9)
1.3
(34.3)
2.2
(36.0)
3.3
(37.9)
5.1
(41.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 1.2
(34.2)
1.3
(34.3)
0.2
(32.4)
−2.0
(28.4)
−4.0
(24.8)
−5.7
(21.7)
−6.7
(19.9)
−6.7
(19.9)
−4.6
(23.7)
−2.8
(27.0)
−1.0
(30.2)
0.6
(33.1)
−2.5
(27.5)
Mean minimum °C (°F) −1.6
(29.1)
−2.3
(27.9)
−4.3
(24.3)
−8.4
(16.9)
−14.0
(6.8)
−13.0
(8.6)
−18.5
(−1.3)
−19.0
(−2.2)
−12.2
(10.0)
−8.2
(17.2)
−5.2
(22.6)
−2.9
(26.8)
−19.0
(−2.2)
Record low °C (°F) −6.2
(20.8)
−7.2
(19.0)
−15.2
(4.6)
−18.0
(−0.4)
−24.8
(−12.6)
−21.8
(−7.2)
−30.0
(−22.0)
−26.2
(−15.2)
−26.0
(−14.8)
−19.0
(−2.2)
−12.2
(10.0)
−7.0
(19.4)
−30.0
(−22.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 44.5
(1.75)
70.8
(2.79)
84.6
(3.33)
53.5
(2.11)
59.6
(2.35)
52.4
(2.06)
62.3
(2.45)
61.6
(2.43)
86.2
(3.39)
77.3
(3.04)
83.8
(3.30)
61.3
(2.41)
797.9
(31.41)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 10.0 12.0 15.0 10.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 10.0 12.0 12.0 15.0 11.0 132
Average relative humidity (%) 83 85 85 84 85 85 85 85 86 85 82 85 85
Source 1: NOAA[5]
Source 2: Dirección Meteorológica de Chile (extremes and averages extremes)[6][7] and DWD (precipitation days and humidity)[8]

Historic sites

Maps

Topographic map of Livingston Island, Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands.
  • L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100,000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
  • L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120,000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2010. ISBN 978-954-92032-9-5 (First edition 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4)
  • Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.

See also

Notes

  1. Although there are several gaps (periods without data) that compromise the historical series. Days of precipitation are only 1983-1990 and relative humidity from 1968-1990.

References

  1. "World Maps of Köppen-Geiger climate classification". koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at. Retrieved 2019-07-22.
  2. "What happens to Steig et al's warming when you divide Antarctica into two distinct climate zones?". Watts Up With That?. 2009-04-18. Retrieved 2019-07-22.
  3. "Base Arturo Prat Climate History". Weather2. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
  4. "Capitan Arturo Prat, Antarctica #89057". Climatebase.ru. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
  5. "Captain Arturo Prat Base (89057) - WMO Weather Station". NOAA. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
  6. "Temperatura Histórica Anual de la Estación - Arturo Prat, Base Antártica (950002)". Dirección Meteorológica de Chile. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
  7. "Temperatura Histórica de la Estación- Arturo Prat, Base Antártica (950002)". Dirección Meteorológica de Chile. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
  8. "Klimatafel n Basis "Arturo Prat" (Chile) / Antarktis" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
  9. "List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012)" (PDF). Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-30.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.