Burial place of Fatimah

The burial place of Fatimah is a disputed issue among different sects of Muslims. Fatimah was a daughter of the Islamic prophet (Arabic: نَـبِي‎) Muhammad and Khadijah (therefore, a member of Muhammad's Bayt (Arabic: بَـيـت‎, 'Household')), wife of ‘Ali ibn Abi Taleb, and mother of Al-Hasan and Al-Husain.[1][2] Ali buried his wife in an unknown location, according to Fatimah's decision[3] Different locations have been mentioned as the possible burial place of Fatimah. Some of them are said to be nearer to fact: Al-Baqi', her house and between Muhammad's tomb and his minbar.

Arabic calligraphy reading Fatimah az-Zahra

Secret burial

Tradition states that, after the death of Muhammad and the Saqifah incident,..[4][5][6][lower-alpha 1] Fatimah's burial place remained secret.[7][8][9]

Grave

The exact place of her tomb is unknown,[3][10] for she had asked Ali to hide it. Three places has been specified as her grave;[3] Al-Baqi', her house and between Muhammad's tomb and his minbar.[10]

Shia view

According to Shaykh Tusi:

You may visit her in shrine of prophet Muhammad, because there is her burial place.

Then continues:

regarding this matter, there are different ideas ; some of them say that she was buried in Al-Baqi', some others say that she was buried in Muhammad's tomb while some others mention her house as her burial place and say that her grave fell in the mosque when Umayyads extended the mosque.

Based on the prophetic narration, Some scholars believe that she is buried in Muhammad's shrine: "What is between my house and my minbar is a meadow of the meadows of Jannah" [11]

Based on Allamah Askari, the last possibility about Fatimah's burial place is her house. This possibility is backed by several authentic documents. The main documents are those received from the Ahl al-Bayt, the main members of the prophetic house who know about the incident better than others. An authentic tradition by Ali ibn mousa al-Ridha narrated in Kitab al-Kafi, Tahdhib al-Ahkam, Man la yahduruhu al-Faqih, Oyoun Akhbar Al-Ridha and Al-Ma'ani al-Akhbar reports:

"She was buried in her house and when Umayyads extended the mosque, the burial place fell in the mosque."[lower-alpha 2][12]

Sunni view

It is narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari, Muwatta of Malik, Hilyat al-Awliya of Abu Nu`aym, Sunan of Tirmidhi, and Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal[lower-alpha 3] that Fatimah is buried between Muhammad's house and his minbar, based on a prophetic narration which says: "What is between my house and my minbar is a meadow of the meadows of Jannah."[11]

See also

Notes
  1. On the night of the third (3rd) of Jamadi al-Thani (the second), 11 A.H .
  2. دُفِنَتْ فِي بَيْتِهَا فَلَمَّا زَادَتْ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ صَارَتْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ
  3. Sahih al-Bukhari, Vol. 3, P. 29
    Muwatta Imam Malik, Vol. 1, P. 197
    Hilyat al-Awliya, Vol. 6, P. 347
    Sunan of Tirmidhi, Vol. 5, P. 718
    Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Vol. 2, P. 401

References

Notes
  1. Chittick 1980, p. 136
  2. Calmard 1999
  3. Madelung 1998, p. 52
  4. Nahim 2012, p. 198
  5. Dungersi, p. 36
  6. Nahim 2012, p. 173
  7. Dungersi, p. 43
  8. Nahim 2012, p. 39
  9. Alamdar 2014
  10. Qurashi 2006, p. 248
  11. Mousavi Zanjanrudi 2012
  12. Javdan 2013

Bibliography
  • Dungersi, Mohammed Raza. A Brief Biography of Hazrat Fatima (s.a.). Bilal Muslim Mission of Tanzania. GGKEY:JL74BWK0FH3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Chittick, William C. (1980). A Shi'ite Anthology. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-510-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Alamdar, Sayyid Hussein (28 July 2014). FATIMEH AL-ZAHRA. AuthorHouse. ISBN 978-1-4969-2695-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Calmard, Jean (1999). "FĀṬEMA". Encyclopaedia Iranica.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Ordoni, Abu Muhammad (2012). Fatima (S.A.) The Gracious. Ansariyan Publications.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Morrow, John Andrew (11 November 2013). Islamic Images and Ideas: Essays on Sacred Symbolism. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5848-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Qurashi, Baqir Shareef (2006). THE LIFE OF FATIMA AZ-ZAHRA'. Ansariyan Publications. ISBN 964-438-817-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Madelung, Wilferd (15 October 1998). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-64696-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Calmard, Jean (1999). "FĀṬEMA". Encyclopaedia Iranica.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Al-Jibouri, Yasin T. (24 October 2013). TRAGEDY OF FATIMA DAUGHTER OF PROPHET MUHAMMED: Doubts Cast And Rebuttals. AuthorHouse. ISBN 978-1-4918-2693-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Javdan, Mohammad Ali (2013). Daughter of prophet: An overview on the situations of Fatimah (a.s) after the prophet (in Persian). Allamah Askari.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Mousavi Zanjanrudi, Seyyed Mojtaba (2012). The missing grave (in Persian). Archived from the original on 8 January 2015.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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