Bruno Zumbo

Bruno Domenico Zumbo was born to Italian parents from Calabria and was raised in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Zumbo's parents immigrated from Pellaro, Reggio di Calabria to Prince Rupert, British Columbia, then Edmonton, Alberta. Before immigrating to Canada post war, his father and mother carried on a long tradition of olive oil and wine-making, and small-scale terrace farming of grapes, olives, bergamot oranges, and figs in the hillsides of southern Calabria. Although he excelled and competed as an olympic weightlifter, his passions were always mathematics, romance languages (Italian and French), and philosophy. He speaks English and Italian (including the Calabrese dialect), and reads English, Italian and French. He has a twin sister and four other siblings.

He completed his B.Sc. at the University of Alberta (Edmonton, AB) and his MA and Ph.D. from Carleton University (Ottawa, ON). His studies reflected his curiosity and diverse interests. With an eye to fostering his talents and interests, the University of Alberta allowed him to take graduate (Masters and PhD) courses in statistics and mathematics while eventually completing his B.Sc. in Psychology. Likewise, in graduate school his professors allowed him to pursue and integrate mathematics, philosophy of science and Psychology. His interests continue to be focused on scientific methodology with a blend of mathematics, social sciences like Psychology, philosophy of science and measurement in science. His doctoral dissertation titled "Statistical Methods to Overcome Nonindependence of Coupled Data in Significance Testing" was under the direction of Prof. Donald W. Zimmerman (Carleton University, Ottawa).

Professor Zumbo is an internationally renowned applied statistician/mathematician, measurement theorist, and research methodologist. His program of research has had wide influence in psychometrics, validity theory, educational and behavioral statistics, and language testing.[2]

• Over the last nearly 30 years his interdisciplinary program of research has emerged to have broad interdisciplinary impact and as such is well-recognized in a variety of disciplines including psychometrics and measurement, statistics, language testing, educational research, quality of life and well being, health and human development.
• His research has branched to many areas in statistics, measurement, and scientific methodology. He takes a problem-solving point of view to his research in that the research is not tied to any one area of statistics or measurement. His interests in mathematics focused mostly in analysis (e.g., real analysis, measure theory, metric spaces), with some secondary interests in applications of number theory, abstract algebra and linear algebra. He continues to learn and integrate new ideas and areas of mathematics (and philosophy) as necessary to solve a new scientific problem.
• As is evident from the list of publications and awards, his program of research is noted for his having addressed cross-disciplinary recurring controversial topics such as theories of measurement validity, measurement invariance, the role of levels (or scales) of measurement in statistics, and the role of hypothesis testing in empirical studies and particularly their lack of robustness to violations of assumptions. His contributions to these debates have highlighted his orientation from the intersection of mathematics, measurement and statistical science with consideration given to philosophy of science and scientific methodology.
• His program of research is actively engaged in psychometrics for language testing, quality of life and wellbeing, and health and human development. This applied work, in the end, feeds his basic program of research in research methodology and measurement.[3][2]

• Publication List [1]
• Google Scholar[3]

• Centenary Medal of Distinction, awarded in 2019 by the UBC School of Nursing recognizing having "brought high honour to the School... [having] significantly advanced the School's vision, mission and mandate." This award reflects nearly 25 years of collaborative psychometric and statistical research with professors of nursing, and having significantly contributed to the training of advanced nursing and health researchers. Announcement of the medal.
• Pioneer in the Psychometrics of Quality of Life. In 2018 he was honored with this distinction by the International Society for Quality of Life Studies (ISQOLS) for having made substantial contributions to measurement and research methodology impacting on the field of Quality of Life Research. Announcement and a brief paper published in 2019 in recognition of this distinction and review his contributions to the field written by Professors Gadermann and Sawatzky in the journal Applied Research in Quality of Life.
• Distinguished University Scholar. Awarded in 2017 this prestigious distinction recognizes exceptional members of UBC faculty who has distinguished themselves internationally in research and/or teaching and learning.
• UBC Killam Research Prize, Senior Category. Awarded in 2016/2017 winners are nominated by internal and external colleagues and adjudicated at the University level by the President's Faculty Research Major-Awards Committee.
• Paragon UBC Professorship in Psychometrics and Measurement, 2015-2020. Selected by UBC to lead the $1.8-million project to enhance UBC's standing as a global leader in research and training in the field of the statistical science of measurement.
• UBC Killam Teaching Prize, 2011/2012 . The university wide prize is awarded annually, from the Killam Endowment Fund, to faculty nominated by students, colleagues, and alumni in recognition of excellence in teaching.
• Fellow of the American Educational Research Association (AERA), awarded in 2011. Professor Zumbo is the first University of British Columbia (UBC) professor to be selected an AERA Fellow. As AERA notes, Fellows are selected in recognition of their exceptional scientific or scholarly contributions to education research and substantial research accomplishments. AERA Fellows are known both nationally and internationally for their outstanding contributions to education research. American Educational Research Association
• Research Fellow Award by the International Society for Quality of Life Studies, ISQOLS, awarded in 2010. Professor Zumbo was one of just three scholars in the world who received recognition as a 2010 Research Fellow of ISQOLS. Election to the status of Research Fellow is an indication of a scholar making a substantial contribution to quality of life (QoL) research.
• Samuel J. Messick Memorial Lecture Award -- awarded in 2005. The award is given in honor of the late Samuel J. Messick, a distinguished research scientist at Educational Testing Service.
• Excellence in Teaching Award -- University of Northern British Columbia university-wide award, 1998.
• SSHRCC Research Fellow 1989-1990 Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Research Fellow.

• (2019). A note on the solution multiplicity of the Vale-Maurelli intermediate correlation equation. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 44(2), 127-143. (with Astivia, O.L.O.)
• (2018). Calibration of measurements. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 17(2), 2-28. (with Kroc, E.)
• (2018). In defense of Pratt's variable importance axioms: A response to Gromping. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews (WIREs): Computational Statistics, 10, pp. 1–10. (with Thomas, D.R., Kwan, E.)
• (2018). On the Solution Multiplicity of the Fleishman Method and its Impact in Simulation Studies. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 71(3), 437-458. (with Astivia, O.L.O.)
• (2018). A Note on Using the Nonparametric Levene Test When Population Means Are Unequal. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 23(13), 1-11. (with Shear, B.R., & Nordstokke, D.W.)
• (2018). The use of latent variable mixture models to identify invariant items in test construction. Quality of Life Research, 27, pp. 1745–1755. (with Sawatzky, R., Russell, L. B., Sajobi. T. T., Lix. L. M., & Kopec, J. A.)
• (2018). Scoping Review of Response Shift Methods: Current Reporting Practices, and Recommendations. Quality of Life Research, 27, pp. 1133–1146. (with Sajobi, T.T., Brambhatt, R., Lix, L.M., & Sawatzky, R. )
• (2017). Trending Away From Routine Procedures, Towards an Ecologically Informed 'In Vivo' View of Validation Practices. Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 15:3-4, pp. 137–139.
• (2017). Population Models and Simulation Methods: The Case of the Spearman Rank Correlation. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 70, pp. 347–367. (with Astivia, O.L.O.)
• (2017). Understanding and Investigating Response Processes in Validation Research. New York, NY: Springer. (edited with Hubley, A.M.) Book information at Springer Press' website please click https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319561288.
• (2016). Validity as a Pragmatist Project: A Global Concern with Local Application. In Vahid Aryadoust, and Janna Fox (Eds.), Trends in Language Assessment Research and Practice (pp. 555–573). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. (with Stone, J.)
• (2015). Resolving the Issue of How Reliability is Related to Statistical Power: Adhering to Mathematical Definitions. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 14, 9-26. (with Zimmerman, D. W.)
• (2015). A Methodology for Zumbo's Third Generation DIF Analyses and the Ecology of Item Responding. Language Assessment Quarterly, 12, 136-151. (with Liu, Y., Wu, A.D., Shear, B.R., Astivia, O.L.O. & Ark, T.K.)
• (2014). Validity and Validation in Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences. New York, NY: Springer. (edited with Chan, E.K.H.). Book information at Springer Press' website please click https://www.springer.com/social+sciences/wellbeing+%26+quality-of-life/book/978-3-319-07793-2.
• (2012). Difference Scores from the Point of View of Reliability and Repeated Measures ANOVA: In Defense of Difference Scores for Data Analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 72, 37-43. (with Thomas, D. R.)
• (2012). Estimating ordinal reliability for Likert-type and ordinal item response data: A conceptual, empirical, and practical guide. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 17(3), 1-13. (with Gadermann, A. M., & Guhn, M.)
• (2008). A Method for Simulating Multivariate Non-normal Distributions with Specified Standardized Cumulants and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients. Communications in Statistics: Simulation and Computation, 37, 617-628. (with Headrick, T. C.)
• (2008). Statistical Methods for Investigating Item Bias in Self-Report Measures, [The University of Florence Lectures on Differential Item Functioning]. Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
• (2007). Validity: Foundational Issues and Statistical Methodology. In C.R. Rao and S. Sinharay (Eds.) Handbook of Statistics, Vol. 26: Psychometrics, (pp. 45–79). Elsevier Science B.V.: The Netherlands.
• (2007). Three generations of differential item functioning (DIF) analyses: Considering where it has been, where it is now, and where it is going. Language Assessment Quarterly, 4, 223-233.
• (2007). Ordinal Versions of Coefficients Alpha and Theta For Likert Rating Scales. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 6, 21-29. (with Gadermann, A. M., & Zeisser, C.)
• (2005). On Optimizing Multi-Level Designs: The Concern For Power Under Budget Constraints. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics, 47, 219-229. (with Headrick, T. C.)
• (2005). Embedding IRT In Structural Equation Models: A Comparison With Regression Based On IRT Scores. Structural Equation Modeling, 12, 263-277. (with Lu, I. R. R., Thomas, D. R.)
• (2004). To Bayes or Not to Bayes, From Whether to When: Applications of Bayesian Methodology to Modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 11, 424-451. (with Rupp, A. A., Dey, D. K.)
• (2004). Responsible Modeling of Measurement Data For Appropriate Inferences: Important Advances in Reliability and Validity Theory. In David Kaplan (Ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Quantitative Methodology for the Social Sciences (pp. 73–92). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Press. (with Rupp, A. A.)
• (2003). Comparison of Aligned Friedman Rank and Parametric Methods for Testing Interactions in Split-Plot Designs. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 42, 569-593. (with Beasley, T. M.)
• (2003). Does Item-Level DIF Manifest Itself in Scale-Level Analyses?: Implications for Translating Language Tests. Language Testing, 20, 136-147
• (2001). The Geometry of Probability, Statistics, and Test Theory. International Journal of Testing, 1, 283-303. (with Zimmerman, D. W.)
• (1999). A handbook on the theory and methods of differential item functioning (DIF): Logistic regression modeling as a unitary framework for binary and Likert-type (ordinal) item scores. Ottawa, ON: Directorate of Human Resources Research and Evaluation, Canadian Department of National Defense.
• (1999). An overview and some observations on the psychometric models used in computer-adaptive language testing. In M. Chalhoub-Deville (Ed.), Issues in computer-adaptive testing of reading proficiency, (pp. 216–228). Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press. (with MacMillan, P. D.)
• (1998). A note on misconceptions concerning prospective and retrospective power. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series D (The Statistician), 47, 385-388. (with Hubley, A. M.)
• (1998). (Ed.) Validity Theory and the Methods Used in Validation: Perspectives from the Social and Behavioral Sciences. [Special issue of the journal Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Volume 45, No. 1-3, 509 pages]
• (1996). Using a measure of variable importance to investigate the standardization of discriminant coefficients. Journal of Educational & Behavioral Statistics, 21, 110-130. (with Thomas, D. R.)
• (1993). Effect of nonindependence of sample observations on parametric and nonparametric statistical tests. Communications in Statistics: Simulation and Computation, 22, 779-789. (with Zimmerman, D. W., Williams, R. H.)
• (1993). Coefficient alpha as an estimate of test reliability under violation of two assumptions. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 53, 33-49. (with Zimmerman, D. W., & Lalonde, C.)
• (1990). CAI as an adjunct to teaching introductory statistics: Affect mediates learning. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 6, 29 -40. (with Varnhagen, C. K.)
• (1988). Implicit ordinal number knowledge tasks as predictors for number line comprehension: A validation study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 48, 219-230. (with Kingma, J.)
• (1987). Relationship between seriation, transitivity, and explicit ordinal number comprehension. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 65, 559-569. (with Kingma, J.)

See Scholarly Interests above for a full list of publications