Boil up

Boil up is a traditional Māori food from Aotearoa New Zealand.[1][2][3][4]

For the dish of Belize, see Bile up.

Boil-up traditionally includes a balanced combination of meat and bones (e.g. pork), greens such as puha, watercress or cabbage, and kūmara or potatoes, boiled together.[5][6]

Origins

In Polynesian cuisine, food was boiled in wooden bowls into which a red-hot stone was dropped. This was sufficient for heating liquids and pastes, but was insufficient to cook taro or pork; those foods were usually baked in an earth oven.[7] The ancestors of Māori carried these traditions to Aotearoa, making puddings of mashed kūmara (called roroi) or mashed kiekie flower bracts in large wooden bowls.[7]

When Pākehā settlers arrived from Europe, they brought with them new foods and iron cooking pots. Pigs and potatoes from Europe were rapidly adopted by Māori, who produced large quantities for trading with the settlers. As settler housing did not have the built-in coal ranges and ovens of Regency Britain, most cooking was done on a hearth, in a cast iron three-legged cauldron or camp oven.[8] Camp ovens were imported in their hundreds from the 1850s, and were popular with Māori: they could be transported by canoe or carried, and could stand on three feet in the embers or be hung by a chain. Camp ovens were used for making flour-and-sugar puddings, baking traditional rēwana bread, and for the first pork-and-potato boil ups.[8]

References
  1. Elaine C. Rush, Elvina Hsi, Lynnette R. Ferguson,Margaret H. Williams and David Simmons (2010). "Traditional foods reported by a Māori community in 2004". MAI Review & MAI Journal: 5.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. JESSOP, MAIA (2009). "Te Whakatuwheratanga: Saturday 13 May 2006". Journal of Museum Ethnography (21): 89–102. ISSN 0954-7169. JSTOR 41505539.
  3. King, Pita; Hodgetts, Darrin; Rua, Mohi; Morgan, Mandy (2018). "When the Marae Moves into the City: Being Māori in Urban Palmerston North". City & Community. 17 (4): 1189–1208. doi:10.1111/cico.12355. ISSN 1540-6040.
  4. Dunn, Kirsty (1 January 2019). "Kaimangatanga: Maori Perspectives on Veganism and Plant-based Kai". Animal Studies Journal. 8 (1): 42–65. ISSN 2201-3008.
  5. Baker, J.; Scragg, R.; Metcalf, P.; Dryson, E. (1993). "Diabetes Mellitus and Employment: Is there Discrimination in the Workplace?". Diabetic Medicine. 10 (4): 362–365. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.1993.tb00081.x. PMID 8508622.
  6. Harris, Aroha (October 2008). "Concurrent Narratives of Maori and Integration in the 1950s and 60s". Journal of New Zealand Studies (6/7): 139.
  7. Leach, Helen M. (2010). "Maori cookery before Cook". In Leach, Helen M. (ed.). From Kai to Kiwi Kitchen. Dunedin: Otago University Press. pp. 19, 23–24. ISBN 9781877372759.
  8. Leach, Helen M. (2010). "Cookery in the colonial era (1769–1869)". In Leach, Helen M. (ed.). From Kai to Kiwi Kitchen. Dunedin: Otago University Press. pp. 35–28. ISBN 9781877372759.
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