Beratlı

Berat was the name of the license (patent) which granted their non-Muslim Ottoman bearers, the beratlı, a variety of tax exemptions and access to European law. They were also known as "honorary dragomans". The access to European law helped its agents dominate European commerce.

References
    • Cihan Artunç (March 2013). "The Protégé System and Beratlı Merchants in the Ottoman Empire" (PDF). Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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